- How can I list ALL DNS records? [closed]
- 10 Answers 10
- Option 1: ANY query
- Option 2: AXFR query
- Option 3: Scrape with a script
- Option 4: Use specialized tooling
- 3 Ways to check DNS server IP in Linux
- Check DNS server IP with Dig command in Linux
- Check DNS server IP with nslookup command in Linux
- Check DNS server IP with /etc/resolv.conf file in Linux
How can I list ALL DNS records? [closed]
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Is there any way I can list ALL DNS records for a domain? I know about such things as dig and nslookup but they only go so far. For example, if I’ve got a subdomain A record as
dig any test.somedomain.co.uk I can’t see it. Is there any way (other than looking at the records by going to the DNS manager) to see exactly what all the DNS records are?
10 Answers 10
The short answer is that it’s usually not possible, unless you control the domain.
Option 1: ANY query
When you query for ANY, you will get a list of all records at that level but not below.
# try this dig google.com any This may return A records, TXT records, NS records, MX records, etc if the domain name is exactly «google.com». However, it will not return child records (e.g., www.google.com). More precisely, you MAY get these records if they exist.
The name server does not have to return these records if it chooses not to do so (for example, to reduce the size of the response). Most DNS servers reject ANY queries.
Option 2: AXFR query
An AXFR is a zone transfer, and is likely what you want. However, these are typically restricted and not available unless you control the zone. You’ll usually conduct a zone transfer directly from the authoritative server (the @ns1.google.com below) and often from a name server that may not be published (a stealth name server).
# This will return "Transfer failed" dig @ns1.google.com google.com axfr If you have control of the zone, you can set it up to get transfers that are protected with a TSIG key. This is a shared secret the client can send to the server to authorize the transfer.
Option 3: Scrape with a script
Another option is to scrape all DNS records with a script. You’d have to iterate through all the DNS record types, and also through common subdomains, depending on your needs.
Option 4: Use specialized tooling
There are some online tools that enumerate subdomains, and online tools that list all DNS records for a DNS name. Note that subdomain enumeration is usually not exhaustive.
Thanks for that(also to deltab). Very clear explanation, confirming what I’d suspected — it is available but not to me (unless I start setting up my own nameservers). As I look after very many domains it would have been so nice just to run a script to get ALL the DNS entries.
Amazon’s Route53 nameservers did not include TXT, MX and SOA when I tried this. After I specifically queried these records they where included in ANY answers. So take this with a grain of salt.
The spec has never been interpreted consistently by resolvers as to the meaning of ANY. It definitely does not mean ALL (there’s a request for that), although some (not many) treated it that way. Others just dumped their cache, and others restricted it to certain record types. In modern times (2016+), most providers have either disabled ANY (or give it a useless answer) or have plans to do so, as it is the common driver for many amplification attacks.
@NickBastin this draft (tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsop-refuse-any-06) currently in the work tries to tighten up the pattern of replies for this query type. It also discuss why it is/should not be used.
I’ve improved Josh’s answer. I’ve noticed that dig only shows entries already present in the queried nameserver’s cache, so it’s better to pull an authoritative nameserver from the SOA (rather than rely on the default nameserver). I’ve also disabled the filtering of wildcard IPs because usually I’m usually more interested in the correctness of the setup.
The new script takes a -x argument for expanded output and a -s NS argument to choose a specific nameserver: dig -x example.com
#!/bin/bash set -e; set -u COMMON_SUBDOMAINS="www mail mx a.mx smtp pop imap blog en ftp ssh login" EXTENDED="" while :; do case "$1" in --) shift; break ;; -x) EXTENDED=y; shift ;; -s) NS="$2"; shift 2 ;; *) break ;; esac; done DOM="$1"; shift TYPE="$" test "$" || NS=$(dig +short SOA "$DOM" | awk '') test "$NS" && NS="@$NS" if test "$EXTENDED"; then dig +nocmd $NS "$DOM" +noall +answer "$TYPE" wild_ips=$(dig +short "$NS" "*.$DOM" "$TYPE" | tr '\n' '|') wild_ips="$" for sub in $COMMON_SUBDOMAINS; do dig +nocmd $NS "$sub.$DOM" +noall +answer "$TYPE" done | cat #grep -vE "$" dig +nocmd $NS "*.$DOM" +noall +answer "$TYPE" else dig +nocmd $NS "$DOM" +noall +answer "$TYPE" fi add lines dig -t txt +nocmd $NS «$DOM» +noall +answer (and modify the $DOM ) to inspect the TXT records of a domain.
That should be dig -t txt +nocmd $NS «$DOM» +noall +answer «$TYPE» and it goes inside the if test «$EXTENDED»; then block,
host -a works well, similar to dig any .
$ host -a google.com Trying "google.com" ;; ->>HEADER This doesn't answer the question, which is how to find other records in the DNS zone of a domain, i.e. additionally all records for subdomains. That's not to say host -a isn't a useful command, it just doesn't do what the OP is looking for.
In the absence of the ability to do zone transfers, I wrote this small bash script, dg :
#!/bin/bash COMMON_SUBDOMAINS=(www mail smtp pop imap blog en ftp ssh login) if [[ "$2" == "x" ]]; then dig +nocmd "$1" +noall +answer "$" wild_ips="$(dig +short "*.$1" "$" | tr '\n' '|')" wild_ips="$" for sub in "$"; do dig +nocmd "$sub.$1" +noall +answer "$" done | grep -vE "$" dig +nocmd "*.$1" +noall +answer "$" else dig +nocmd "$1" +noall +answer "$" fi Now I use dg example.com to get a nice, clean list of DNS records, or dg example.com x to include a bunch of other popular subdomains.
grep -vE "$" filters out records that could be the result of a wildcard DNS entry such as * 10800 IN A 1.38.216.82 . Otherwise, a wildcard entry would make it appear as if there were records for each $COMMON_SUBDOMAN .
I know this solution is far from ideal, but it's saved me a lot of time, so I hope it'll be useful to someone else.
add dig -t txt +nocmd "$1" +noall +answer (and modify to "*.$1" etc.) to inspect the TXT records of a domain.
For Windows:
You may find the need to check the status of your domains DNS records, or check the Name Servers to see which records the servers are pulling.
- Launch Windows Command Prompt by navigating to Start > Command Prompt or via Run > CMD.
- Type NSLOOKUP and hit Enter. The default Server is set to your local DNS, the Address will be your local IP.
- Set the DNS Record type you wish to lookup by typing set type=## where ## is the record type, then hit Enter. You may use ANY, A, AAAA, A+AAAA, CNAME, MX, NS, PTR, SOA, or SRV as the record type.
- Now enter the domain name you wish to query then hit Enter.. In this example, we will use Managed.com.
- NSLOOKUP will now return the record entries for the domain you entered.
- You can also change the Name Servers which you are querying. This is useful if you are checking the records before DNS has fully propagated. To change the Name Server type server [name server]. Replace [name server] with the Name Servers you wish to use. In this example, we will set these as NSA.managed.com.
- Once changed, change the query type (Step 3) if needed then enter new a new domain (Step 4.)
1) Check DNS Records Using Dig Command Dig stands for domain information groper is a flexible tool for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that were queried. Most DNS administrators use dig to troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality than dig.
2) Check DNS Records Using NSlookup Command Nslookup is a program to query Internet domain name servers. Nslookup has two modes interactive and non-interactive.
Interactive mode allows the user to query name servers for information about various hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts in a domain.
Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested information for a host or domain. It’s network administration tool which will help them to check and troubleshoot DNS related issues.
3) Check DNS Records Using Host Command host is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. When no arguments or options are given, host prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
3 Ways to check DNS server IP in Linux
DNS servers are an important part of the internet, translating domain names into IP addresses. If your DNS server is not working correctly, you may experience problems loading websites or sending and receiving email. In this blog post, we will discuss three ways to check your DNS server in Linux. We will also provide some tips for troubleshooting DNS problems. Let’s get started!
Check DNS server IP with Dig command in Linux
The best way to check your DNS server is to use the ‘dig’ command. The ‘dig’ command allows you to query DNS servers for information about domains. To use the ‘dig’ command, open a terminal and type the following: dig example.com
This will query the DNS server for information about the domain “example.com”. For example, if you want to query for A records, you would type the following: dig example.com +short
You can replace “example.com” with any domain you want to query. From the following example, we can see that the DNS server is 64.104.76.247 .
dig howtouselinux.com
; > DiG 9.10.6 > howtouselinux.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1280
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;howtouselinux.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
howtouselinux.com. 0 IN A 162.159.137.9
howtouselinux.com. 0 IN A 162.159.138.9
;; Query time: 138 msec
;; SERVER: 64.104.76.247#53(64.104.76.247)
;; WHEN: Wed Mar 02 21:24:01 CST 2022
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 78
Check DNS server IP with nslookup command in Linux
The second way to check your DNS server is to use the ‘nslookup’ command. ‘Nslookup’ is a tool that allows you to query DNS servers for information about domains. To use the ‘nslookup’ command, open a terminal and type the following: nslookup example.com
This will query the DNS server for information about the domain “example.com”. You can also query specific records by using the ‘querytype’ parameter. For example, if you want to query for A records, you would type the following: nslookup -query=a example.com
The dns server is 64.104.76.247 from the following example.
% nslookup -query=a howtouselinux.com
Server: 64.104.76.247
Address: 64.104.76.247#53
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: howtouselinux.com
Address: 162.159.137.9
Name: howtouselinux.com
Address: 162.159.138.9
Check DNS server IP with /etc/resolv.conf file in Linux
The third way is to check /etc/resolv.conf configuration file. It contains DNS server information we use.
cat /etc/resolv.conf
domain howtouselinux.com
nameserver 64.104.76.247
nameserver 64.104.76.248
We hope this blog post has been helpful in showing you how to check your DNS server in Linux. If you are experiencing DNS problems, be sure to try using these three commands to troubleshoot the issue. Thanks for reading!