Чем открыть doc линукс

Открытие doc, docx, odf, xlsx файла в терминале linux

Вопрос заключается в следующем: «Существует ли такие программы, позволяющие открыть doc, docx, odf файлы в терминале linux?». Понимаю, что теоретически это не возможно, в силу отсутствие возможности программной смены шрифта в терминале. Но! Что если, мне нужно, к примеру, тупо прочитать текст из файла, а под рукой нету десктопной машины? Или можно такой вариант: программа преобразовывает doc, docx, odf файл в tex-файл. P.S.: я так полагаю, что этот вариант открытия подобных файлов будет еще и экономнее десктопного относительно памяти. С xlsx и подобными этому файлами тоже такой же вопрос встревает. Папа как-то рассказывал просто, что когда еще не было десктопных осей и граф оболочек, они использовали вместо doc-ов какую-то dos-овскую консольную прогу, и какие-то таблицы вместо excel-ей. Буду благодарен за ответ. UPD: Вопрос закрыт

3 ответа 3

Когда не было графических оболочек, тогда и и форматы были другие. Чем-то отчасти похожие на современный markdown

Файлы же конечно можно прочитать. Но именно прочитать — предварительно конвертировав в текстовый формат. Так Excel файлы можно перевести в CSV — а дальше смотри хоть в less, хоть awk или sed дальше преобразуй.

Файл Word конвертируются в обычный TXT — только текст и никакого форматирования. Можно и в RTF — тут оформление сохранится, но чтобы их читать нужен определенный навык 🙂

А с практической точки зрения задача довольно актуальная. Постоянно приходится решать задачи типа «У нас есть прайс-лист в Excel — мы хотим его автоматически загружать на сайта в базу данных». Соответственно помимо утилит консоли есть и куча библиотек под разные языки программирования — позволяющих открыть, прочитать, изменить и сохранить файлы этих форматов без взякого GUI.

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How to open Microsoft Word documents in Linux

In an office or production environment, sharing documents between different applications and operating systems is a common issue. If you need to create, open, and edit Microsoft Word documents in Linux, you can use LibreOffice Writer or AbiWord. Both are robust word processing applications that read and write files in Word .doc and .docx formats.

If you need command-line tools that extract the text from Word files, Antiword (.doc files) and docx2txt (.docx) are useful programs to have at your disposal.

In this tutorial, we look at these four applications and how you can use them. We walk through installing them on several popular Linux distributions, including Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, OpenSUSE, CentOS, and Arch Linux. We also help with installing the core Microsoft TrueType fonts on your Linux system.

LibreOffice

LibreOffice is a free, open-source, actively maintained and frequently updated office productivity suite that is compatible with Microsoft Office applications, including Microsoft Word. You can save your LibreOffice Writer documents in .doc or .docx format, and then either opens correctly in Microsoft Word.

Installing LibreOffice

LibreOffice can be installed using your package manager. To install it, open a terminal and use the following command appropriate for your operating system:

Debian 8, Ubuntu 15

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libreoffice

Fedora 23

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install libreoffice

OpenSUSE 10

sudo zypper refresh && sudo zypper install libreoffice

CentOS 7

sudo yum update && sudo yum install libreoffice

Arch Linux 2016

sudo pacman -Sy libreoffice-fresh

Once LibreOffice is installed, it should appear in the Applications menu of your GUI. You can also run it from a terminal with the command:

AbiWord

AbiWord is another free and open-source word processor. It has a clean, simple interface developed for almost twenty years. Like LibreOffice, it can open, edit, and save Microsoft Word .doc and .docx files. Unlike LibreOffice, Abiword is not a complete office suite, so it has a smaller footprint and consumes fewer system resources.

Installing AbiWord

Debian 8, Ubuntu 15

sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt-get install abiword

Fedora 23

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install abiword

OpenSUSE 10

sudo zypper refresh && sudo zypper install abiword

CentOS 7

sudo yum update && sudo yum install abiword

Arch Linux 2016

Antiword

Antiword is a command-line tool that converts the contents of a .doc file to plain text.

Antiword only converts .doc files. If you need to convert a .docx file, see docx2txt in the next section.

Using Antiword

Running antiword with the name of a Word .doc file outputs the plain text of the file to standard output.

Antiword does a great job of formatting tables. It also has options for including images as PostScript objects and outputting to PDF.

You can redirect the output to a text file:

antiword file.doc > file.txt

Or, if you want to open it directly in a text editor, you can pipe the text to vim:

Installing antiword

Debian 8, Ubuntu 15

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install antiword

Fedora 23

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install antiword

OpenSUSE 10

sudo zypper refresh && sudo zypper install antiword

CentOS 7

sudo yum update && sudo yum install antiword

Docx2txt

Docx2txt is a command-line tool that converts .docx files to plain text. (It does not convert .doc files.)

To print the contents of a .docx file to the terminal screen or a file, call docx2txt and specify a dash as the output file name. In this example, notice the dash at the end of the command.

To convert a .docx file and output to a text file, use the command form:

docx2txt file.docx file.txt

docx2txt file.docx - > file.txt

To open the .docx text in vim, use the command form:

To install doc2txt, follow the instructions for your version of Linux below:

Debian 8

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install docx2txt

Ubuntu 15

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install docx2txt

Fedora 23

Fedora’s repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can install it manually:

Download the source from SourceForge’s docx2txt page. Extract the archive:

You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install perl unzip make

Then, run make as the root user to install:

Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:

docx2txt.sh word-document.docx

The converted text file automatically saves as word-document.txt.

OpenSUSE 10

SUSE repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can download it from SourceForge’s docx2txt page. Extract the archive:

You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:

sudo zypper update && sudo zypper install perl unzip make

Then, run make as root to install:

Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:

docx2txt.sh word-document.docx

The converted text file is automatically saved as word-document.txt.

CentOS 7

CentOS repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can download it from SourceForge’s docx2txt page. Extract the archive:

You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:

sudo yum update && sudo yum install perl unzip make

Then, run make as root to install:

Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:

docx2txt.sh word-document.docx

The converted text file is automatically saved as word-document.txt.

Arch Linux 2016

Installing Microsoft-compatible fonts

The core Microsoft fonts are available on Linux. Install them if you are going to be working with Microsoft Word files — especially if they were created on a Windows system. The core fonts include:

• Andale Mono
• Arial
• Arial Black
• Calabri
• Cambria
• Comic
• Courier
• Impact
• Times
• Trebuchet
• Verdana
• Webdings

To install them, follow these steps:

Debian 8, Ubuntu 15

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Fedora 23

Install packages required for installation:

sudo dnf update && sudo dnf install curl cabextract xorg-x11-font-utils fontconfig

Then install the local RPM package:

sudo dnf install msttcore-fonts-installer-2.6-1.noarch.rpm

OpenSUSE 10

Install packages required for installation:

sudo zypper update && sudo zypper install curl cabextract xorg-x11-font-utils fontconfig

Then install the local RPM package:

sudo zypper install msttcore-fonts-installer-2.6-1.noarch.rpm

CentOS 7

Install packages required for installation:

sudo yum update && sudo yum install curl cabextract xorg-x11-font-utils fontconfig

Then install the local RPM package:

sudo yum install msttcore-fonts-installer-2.6-1.noarch.rpm

Arch Linux 2016

Install packages required for installation:

pacman -Sy rpmextract x11-font-utils fontconfig

Extract the contents of the local RPM package:

rpmextract.sh msttcore-fonts-installer-2.6-1.noarch.rpm

This command extracts the raw contents of the RPM file and creates two directories, etc and usr that correspond to your /etc and /usr directories. The font files themselves are located in usr/share/fonts/msttcore.

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