Command for hostname linux

Command for hostname linux

NAME

hostname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name nisdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name

SYNOPSIS

hostname [-a|--alias] [-d|--domain] [-f|--fqdn|--long] [-A|--all-fqdns] [-i|--ip-address] [-I|--all-ip-addresses] [-s|--short] [-y|--yp|--nis] hostname [-b|--boot] [-F|--file filename] [hostname] hostname [-h|--help] [-V|--version] domainname [nisdomain] [-F file] ypdomainname [nisdomain] [-F file] nisdomainname [nisdomain] [-F file] dnsdomainname 

DESCRIPTION

Hostname is used to display the system's DNS name, and to display or set its hostname or NIS domain name. GET NAME When called without any arguments, the program displays the current names: hostname will print the name of the system as returned by the gethostname(2) function. domainname will print the NIS domainname of the system. domainname uses the gethostname(2) function, while ypdomainname and nisdomainname use the yp_get_default_domain(3). dnsdomainname will print the domain part of the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). The complete FQDN of the system is returned with hostname --fqdn (but see the warnings in section THE FQDN below). SET NAME When called with one argument or with the --file option, the commands set the host name or the NIS/YP domain name. hostname uses the sethostname(2) function, while all of the three domainname, ypdomainname and nisdomainname use setdomainname(2). Note, that this is effective only until the next reboot. Edit /etc/hostname for permanent change. Note, that only the super-user can change the names. It is not possible to set the FQDN or the DNS domain name with the dnsdomainname command (see THE FQDN below). The host name is usually set once at system startup in /etc/init.d/hostname.sh (normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the host name, e.g. /etc/hostname). THE FQDN The FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) of the system is the name that the resolver(3) returns for the host name, such as, ursula.example.com. It is usually the hostname followed by the DNS domain name (the part after the first dot). You can check the FQDN using hostname --fqdn or the domain name using dnsdomainname. You cannot change the FQDN with hostname or dnsdomainname. The recommended method of setting the FQDN is to make the hostname be an alias for the fully qualified name using /etc/hosts, DNS, or NIS. For example, if the hostname was "ursula", one might have a line in /etc/hosts which reads 127.0.1.1 ursula.example.com ursula Technically: The FQDN is the name getaddrinfo(3) returns for the host name returned by gethostname(2). The DNS domain name is the part after the first dot. Therefore it depends on the configuration of the resolver (usually in /etc/host.conf) how you can change it. Usually the hosts file is parsed before DNS or NIS, so it is most common to change the FQDN in /etc/hosts. If a machine has multiple network interfaces/addresses or is used in a mobile environment, then it may either have multiple FQDNs/domain names or none at all. Therefore avoid using hostname --fqdn, hostname --domain and dnsdomainname. hostname --ip-address is subject to the same limitations so it should be avoided as well.

OPTIONS

-a, --alias Display the alias name of the host (if used). This option is deprecated and should not be used anymore. -A, --all-fqdns Displays all FQDNs of the machine. This option enumerates all configured network addresses on all configured network interfaces, and translates them to DNS domain names. Addresses that cannot be translated (i.e. because they do not have an appropriate reverse IP entry) are skipped. Note that different addresses may resolve to the same name, therefore the output may contain duplicate entries. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output. -b, --boot Always set a hostname; this allows the file specified by -F to be non-existant or empty, in which case the default hostname localhost will be used if none is yet set. -d, --domain Display the name of the DNS domain. Don't use the command domainname to get the DNS domain name because it will show the NIS domain name and not the DNS domain name. Use dnsdomainname instead. See the warnings in section THE FQDN above, and avoid using this option. -f, --fqdn, --long Display the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). A FQDN consists of a short host name and the DNS domain name. Unless you are using bind or NIS for host lookups you can change the FQDN and the DNS domain name (which is part of the FQDN) in the /etc/hosts file. See the warnings in section THE FQDN above und use hostname --all- fqdns instead wherever possible. -F, --file filename Read the host name from the specified file. Comments (lines starting with a `#') are ignored. -i, --ip-address Display the network address(es) of the host name. Note that this works only if the host name can be resolved. Avoid using this option; use hostname --all-ip-addresses instead. -I, --all-ip-addresses Display all network addresses of the host. This option enumerates all configured addresses on all network interfaces. The loopback interface and IPv6 link-local addresses are omitted. Contrary to option -i, this option does not depend on name resolution. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output. -s, --short Display the short host name. This is the host name cut at the first dot. -V, --version Print version information on standard output and exit successfully. -y, --yp, --nis Display the NIS domain name. If a parameter is given (or --file name ) then root can also set a new NIS domain. -h, --help Print a usage message and exit.

NOTES

FILES

/etc/hostname Historically this file was supposed to only contain the hostname and not the full canonical FQDN. Nowadays most software is able to cope with a full FQDN here. This file is read at boot time by the system initialization scripts to set the hostname. /etc/hosts Usually, this is where one sets the domain name by aliasing the host name to the FQDN.

AUTHORS

Peter Tobias, tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de> Bernd Eckenfels, net-tools@lina.inka.de> (NIS and manpage). Michael Meskes, meskes@debian.org>

Источник

Как изменить Hostname (имя компьютера)

Hostname (имя компьютера, имя хоста) задается во время установки системы Linux. Hostname определяет название компьютера и используется преимущественно для идентификации компьютера в сети. Нельзя назначать два одинаковых Hostname для компьютеров в одной сети.

Просмотр текущего Hostname

Чтобы показать текущий Hostname можно использовать команду hostname без параметров:

Также Hostname можно отобразить командой hostnamectl :

Как изменить Hostname

Рассмотрим, как изменить Hostname двумя разными способами.

Способ 1. Используем команду hostnamectl

Во многих systemd-based дистрибутивах (например, в Ubuntu Linux) есть утилита hostnamectl .

Воспользуемся командой hostnamectl , чтобы установить новое значение Hostname равным pingvinus . Используется аргумент set-hostname:

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname pingvinus

Способ 2. Редактируем файлы /etc/hostname и /etc/hosts

Еще один способ изменения Hostname — это ручное редактирование файла /etc/hostname и файла /etc/hosts .

Сначала выполните команду (вместо pingvinus укажите свое значение):

Отредактируем файл /etc/hostname для редактирования в редакторе nano, выполняем команду:

Измените текущее значение в файле на новое. Сохраните изменения и закройте файл. Это можно сделать, нажав Ctrl+C , затем Y и Enter .

Hostname прописывается также в файле /etc/hosts , поэтому нужно изменить его значение в этом файле. Откроем файл:

Найдите строку вида « 127.0.0.1 ваш_hostname » и впишите новое имя хоста. Сохраните изменения и закройте файл.

Проверка результата

Чтобы проверить, изменилось ли значение Hostname, откройте новое окно терминала и введите команду:

Как временно изменить Hostname

Чтобы изменить Hostname в текущей работающей системе Linux, но до первой перезагрузки, можно использовать просто команду hostname , указав ей новое значение имени хоста:

Источник

5 ‘hostname’ Command Examples for Linux Newbies

A hostname command is used to view a computer’s hostname and domain name (DNS) (Domain Name Service), and to display or set a computer’s hostname or domain name.

A hostname is a name that is given to a computer that attached to the network that uniquely identifies over a network and thus allows it to be accessed without using its IP address.

The basic syntax for the hostname command is:

# hostname [options] [new_host_name]

In this short article, we will explain 5 useful hostname command examples for Linux beginners to view, set or change Linux system hostname from the Linux command-line interface.

If you run hostname command without any options, it will displays the current host name and domain name of your Linux system.

$ hostname tecmint 

If the host name can be resolved, you can display the network address(es) (IP address) of the host name with the -i flag and the -I option establishes all configured network interfaces and shows all network addresses of the host.

To view the name of the DNS domain and FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) of your machine, use the -f and -d switches respectively. And the -A enables you to see all the FQDNs of the machine.

$ hostname -d $ hostname -f $ hostname -A

To display the alias name (i.e., substitute names), if used for the host name, use the -a flag.

Last but not least, to change or set hostname of your Linux system, simply run the following command, remember to replace “NEW_HOSTNAME” with the actual hostname that you wish to set or change.

$ sudo hostname NEW_HOSTNAME

Note that the changes made using the above command will only last until the next reboot. Under systemd – system and service manager, you can use the hostnamectl command to permanently set or change your system hostname as explained in the following articles.

That’s It! In this short article, we explained 5 hostname command examples for Linux newbies. If you have any questions, use the feedback form below to reach us.

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