Command for linux update

How to install updates via command line?

I tried apt-get update then apt-get upgrade but each time I log in I still see the message about updates. How do I install them?

9 Answers 9

sudo apt update # Fetches the list of available updates sudo apt upgrade # Installs some updates; does not remove packages sudo apt full-upgrade # Installs updates; may also remove some packages, if needed sudo apt autoremove # Removes any old packages that are no longer needed 

Documentation about each apt option can be found in the the manpages for apt. These are also available by running man apt in your terminal.

Use of both upgrade and full-upgrade together is usually not needed, but it may help in some cases: see Debian documentation about Upgrades from Debian 9.

Just pointing out that apt full-upgrade performs the same function as apt-get dist-upgrade , if, like me, you’re comparing the commands with other answers in this question.

@hellboy It will tell you if a reboot is required. Also it’s unclear whether you’re asking if rebooting command line is required — the answer is No. It doesn’t matter how you restart the machine.

Execute all the commands by typing sudo once:

sudo -- sh -c 'apt-get update; apt-get upgrade -y; apt-get full-upgrade -y; apt-get autoremove -y; apt-get autoclean -y' 

or even shorter in a for loop (thanks @dessert!):

sudo bash -c 'for i in update upgrade auto; do apt-get $i -y; done' 

This is normal behavior.

The message you see on login has been appended to the server status ‘Message-Of-The-Day’, which is only updated each calendar day (or on server boot / startup). Have a look at the contents, using

Still seeing the same updates available, after running

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade 

is to be expected. If you then re-run this command you will only be prompted for any further updates if even further (newer) updates have been released.

I’m noticing that any file changes in the whole system doesn’t show until the next calendar day, is there a way for like «refresh» to start seeing changes right away?

Do you mean updates for the content of Message-Of-The-Day, or not getting what you want after running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade ?

This is no longer true on 16.04. After «apt-get dist-upgrade» and a reboot I see «0 packages can be upgraded».

Once your log into your server, run the command below.

It should do the trick. Maybe you just need to restart your server.

Thank you for your answer but I did try sudo apt-get upgrade. Restarting the server is out of the question because I have sites on it.

if you installed an update that directly affects the kernel or it’s a driver update or it’s a critical security update, you need to restart the server.

In my case, I had an incorrect or not accessible URL in /etc/apt/sources.list. After removing this URL, I was able to update all packages successfully.

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade 

My (really late, I like necromancer badges 🙂 ) solution:

sudo apt-get install wajig 

You may also need to do this —

If you run apt-get update again after apt-get upgrade has been concluded, those messages at ssh login should go away.

this script is handy to automate updates including removing unneeded packages and performing a reboot only if the OS wants one

remote_user=usernamehere remote_host=example.com ssh -A -n -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $@$ && \ sudo apt-get update && \ sudo apt-get -f install -y && \ sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confnew" -yy dist-upgrade -y && \ sudo apt-get autoremove -y && \ [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ] && \ echo "sudo reboot now" && \ sudo reboot now 

to run on your local box just leave off that first line doing the ssh

here is an alias I save in ~/.bashrc

alias doit='echo; kill $( ps -eafww|grep update-manager|grep -v grep | grep update-manager | tr -s " " |cut -d" " -f2 ) > /dev/null 2>&1; echo "sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade && [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ] && echo && echo reboot required && echo";echo;sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade && [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ] && echo && echo reboot required && echo ' 

then on terminal I just issue doit

Источник

How to Update Ubuntu Linux [Beginner’s Tip]

This tutorial shows you how to update Ubuntu for both server and desktop versions. Also learn the difference between update and upgrade.

Let me give you more details. Please note that this tutorial is valid for Ubuntu 20.04, 22.04, or any other version. The command line method is also valid for Ubuntu-based Linux distributions, like Linux Mint, Linux Lite, elementary OS, etc.

One more thing. This article is about keeping your Ubuntu system updated. If you are looking for upgrading from one release to another, please check my tutorial on upgrading Ubuntu version.

Method 1: Update Ubuntu via the Command Line

First, open the terminal in Ubuntu desktop. You can find it in the menu, or use the Ctrl+Alt+T keyboard shortcut. If you are logged on to an Ubuntu server, you already have access to a terminal.

In the terminal, you just have to use the following command:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

It will ask for a password. You can use your account’s password. You won’t see characters on the screen while typing password in the terminal, so keep on typing your password and hit enter. This will update the packages in Ubuntu.

See, how easy it is to update Ubuntu from terminal? Now let me explain the above command.

It’s actually not a single command, it’s a combination of two commands. The && is a way to run multiple commands in Linux in a way such that the second command runs only when the previous command ran successfully.

The “-y” in the end automatically enters “yes” when the command “apt upgrade” ask for your confirmation before installing updates.

Note that you can also use the two commands separately, one by one:

sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade

It will take a little longer because you have to wait for one command to finish and then enter the second command.

More than just OS updates: Unlike Windows, Linux works with a package manager. When you run the updates, it updates all the packages installed via apt. This means updating Ubuntu will update the core operating system, Linux kernels as well as the applications installed from the software center (if they were apt packages) or installed using apt command.

Explanation: sudo apt update

This command updates the local database of available packages. If you don’t run this command, the local database won’t be updated and your system will not know if there are any new versions of packages available.

This is why, when you run the “sudo apt update” command, you’ll see lots of URLs in the output. The command fetches the package information from the respective repositories (the URLs you see in the output).

At the end of the command, it tells you how many packages can be upgraded. You can see these packages by running the following command:

Explanation: sudo apt upgrade

This command matches the versions of installed packages with the local database. It collects all of them, and then it will list those packages that have a newer version available. At this point, it will ask if you want to upgrade the installed packages to the newer version.

You can type “yes,” or “y,” or just press enter to confirm the installation of updates.

So the bottom line is that “sudo apt update” checks for the availability of new package versions, while “sudo apt upgrade” actually installs the new versions.

The term update might be confusing, as you might expect the “apt update” command to update the system by installing new software, but that’s not how it works.

Method 2: Update Ubuntu via the GUI [For Desktop Users]

If you are using Ubuntu as a desktop, you don’t have to go to the terminal to update the system. You can still use the command line, but it’s optional for you.

In the menu, look for “Software Updater” and run it.

It will check if there are updates available for your system.

If there are updates available, it will give you the option to install the updates.

Click on “Install Now.” It may ask for your password.

Once you enter your password, it will start installing the updates.

In some cases, you may need to reboot your Ubuntu system for the installed updates to work properly. You’ll be notified at the end of the update if you need to restart the system.

You can choose to restart later if you don’t want to reboot your system straightaway.

Tip: If the software updater returns an error, you should use the command “sudo apt update” in the terminal. The last few lines of the output will contain the actual error message. You can then search on the internet for that error and fix the problem.

A few things to keep in mind about updating Ubuntu

You just learned how to update your Ubuntu system. If you are interested, you should also know these few things relating to Ubuntu updates.

Cleaning up after an update

After an update, your system may have some unnecessary packages that are no longer required. You can remove such packages and free up some space by using this command:

Live patching the kernel in Ubuntu Server to avoid rebooting

In the case of Linux kernel updates, you’ll have to restart the system after the update. This can be a problem if you don’t want downtime for your server.

The live patching feature allows for the patching of the Linux kernel while it is still running. In other words, you don’t have to reboot your system.

If you manage servers, you may want to enable live patching in Ubuntu.

Ubuntu version upgrades are different from package upgrades

The update methods discussed here keep your Ubuntu install fresh and updated. It doesn’t cover OS version upgrades (for example, upgrading Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04).

Ubuntu version upgrades are an entirely different thing. They involve updating the entire operating system core. You’ll need to make proper backups before starting this lengthy process.

Conclusion

I hope you liked this tutorial on updating the Ubuntu system, and that you learned a few new things.

If you have any questions, please fee free to ask. If you are an experienced Linux user and have some tip that can make this tutorial more useful, please share it with the rest of us.

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