Convert RAW photos to JPEG in linux/php

I’m working on an photo upload app and need to allow users to upload raw files from cameras (these are not jpegs) and have the server automatically create a jpeg version of them. I currently have Imagemagick installed but I don’t think there is a way to do it in there. Cameras come out with new raw formats all the time, so im looking for something that will be relativley up-to-date and command php exec() is an option too. Does anyone have anything to suggestion for raw conversion?

4 Answers 4

Actually, as you can see in this list, ImageMagick does support RAW photos: http://www.imagemagick.org/script/formats.php (e.g. .NEF nikon photos and .CR2 canon photos).

Example code for a .CR2 photo:

$im = new Imagick( 'source.CR2' ); $im->setImageFormat( 'jpg' ); $im->writeImage( 'result.jpg' ); $im->clear(); $im->destroy(); 

Thanks for the code. However, destroy() is deprecated in favor of clear() . php.net/manual/en/imagick.destroy.php

sudo apt-get install ufraw ufraw-batch 

then either use UFRaw (see man pages) or use ImageMagick which uses UFRaw

convert mypic.RAF mypic.jpeg 

convert will discard your metadata (info like time taken and camera model), which may not be what you want. If anyone has an alternative that preserves your metadata, please do add it here.

You can upload with exec() and as you are converting to a jpg you can use the jpg «hint» to speed things up — it supposedly only reads as much data to create the jpg not the whole file.

From memory the define comes after the convert before the image:

convert -define jpeg:size=128x128 input.raw -thumbnail 128x128 output.jpg 

Imagemagick uses Ufraw to work with RAW files and I find that with my CR2 files I need to tweek one of the files a bit. I suppose wether a file is supported depends on the Ufraw delagate.

I think Samsung RAW files are a problem but not just with Imagemagick

It is the delegates.xml file I modified changing a 4 to a 6 on this line:

The updated version of dcraw that I am using doesn’t support the -O output file file anymore. I found the the following replacement delegate works: That was for my unix based path, I imagine you could do the similar for windows by replacing /usr/bin/dcraw with dcraw.exe

I did the exact same page using Imagick. I was successful in converting TIFF, DNG, CR2 files into JPEG. Before you do this, you must refer to this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3c6O85_LoA&index=29&list=LLkmyV_KYAFxKz9gE_fEbjTA&t=23s

Here is a code with JavaScript, HTML and PHP:

     else if(!preg_match("/\.(tif|tiff|cr2|pef|nef|dng)$/i",$fname)) < //echo"ERROR: File is not in TIF,TIFF,CR2,PEF,NEF or DNG
"; //echo"File is of $ext format"; ?>    else < //echo".$ext File uploaded"; ?>    setImageFormat('jpg'); file_put_contents("/var/www/html/Image/Converted/a.jpg",$im);//Path where converted image will be saved on localhost. ?>   clear(); $im->destroy(); >?> 

HTML code. Insert your name of php file in the action tag.

Upload image

Please select the file:

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How to Convert Raw Camera Image to JPEG in Linux

Whenever a picture is clicked with a digital camera, the image is stored in a raw format, i.e. without any algorithm run over it, or without any loss of data. Modern cameras do have options to directly export images to a format like JPEG or PNG, but by default, it’s stored as a raw image.

The raw format can differ from camera to camera, and usually cameras of the same brand store the image in the same format. The raw image file is however not suitable when it comes to image processing, storing, or just viewing it on any device. Most operating systems do not by default have software to view raw images. For these reasons, we need to convert the raw image files to well-known image file formats.

Today we will learn how to convert a raw image file to a JPEG file from the Linux command line.

Convert Raw Image to JPEG using ImageMagick

ImageMagick is a quite popular tool for image processing in Linux. It consists of a set of command lines as well as GUI utilities. It installs a tool called ‘convert‘ to convert images to and from a wide array of file formats.

It is available in standard repositories of Linux distributions.

$ sudo apt install imagemagick [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint] $ yum install imagemagick [On RHEL/CentOS & Fedora]

Once installed, you can verify that the ‘convert‘ tool has been installed.

To convert a raw file, first make sure the raw file name does not contain any file extension. Otherwise, ‘convert‘ will consider a file extension if it is present and will fail if the extension is not supported.

For example, if you have a file called ‘raw_canon.cr2‘, copy it to a file named ‘raw_canon‘ using the cp command.

$ cp raw_canon.cr2 raw_canon

Now we can simply call convert with the following syntax:

$ convert filename_tobe_converted target_filename.target_extension

$ convert raw_canon raw_canon.jpeg

To verify if the file is actually a JPEG file now, use the file command (which will read and analyze the file to determine its type).

You can obviously also verify this by trying to open the file in an image viewer.

Conclusion

In this article, we have seen how a raw camera image can be converted to JPEG. The raw image in this example is a Canon camera image, however, the same method can be used for other raw images.

Thanks for reading this, and if you know have any issues or thoughts let us know in the comments below!

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How to convert CR2 to JPG or PNG?

I’ll go a different route. Use ufraw-batch not ufraw .

sudo apt-get install ufraw-batch ## This will output (not replace) the file with a new extension. ## foo.CR2 exported to foo.png ufraw-batch --out-type png *.CR2 

See ufraw-batch —help and man ufraw-batch for more info.

In some cases, ufraw-batch leads to a segmentation fault. It will successfully develop one RAW file, and then it stops. See bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ufraw/+bug/1768855 for further information.

ufraw alternatives

The accepted answer recommends to use ufraw, but ufraw’s development has ceased as of June 2015 and it’s not supported by current Ubuntu releases. See Ubuntu Bugtracker, which recommends darktable or rawtherapee as alternatives. Both tools are GU tools, but it is possible to use them from CLI.

for pic in *.CR2 do darktable-cli "$pic" "$(basename $.jpg)"; done 

rawtherapee: manual

problem with darktable-cli is that your can’t run concurrent processes and it’s pretty slow. If you’re looking to make previews, exiv2 -ep is an alternative, if the raw files contain embedded jpegs

darktable did the job as of today, Sept 13, 2021. Sad the many once popular answers are merely the sign of the bygone times of ufraw support.

you can convert .cr2 to .jpeg by ufraw.

sudo apt-get install ufraw 

Right click on the file and select open with ufraw .

** You can also import them to Gimp with gimp-ufraw and then export as .png or .jpeg .

sudo apt-get install gimp-ufraw 

it should be stated that mogrify is part of imagemagick, which is available at imagemagick.org. however, mogrify uses ufraw-batch in the background, so might as well use that directly

+1 as mogrify circumvents the bug in ufraw-batch that leads to a segmentation fault (asper Sptember 2018)

This worked nicely. I just wish there was a verbose option because I didn’t realize it was succeeding on a long-running job.

As command line tool OR xnconvert as GUI tool

It’s not a helpful answer, but the xnconvert tool worked better for me than all of the other options. You have to download and install the .deb file (no PPA as far as I can tell) but the conversion process was fast and accurate, better colour reproduction than either ufraw or dcraw and faster than either batch process. Using it is reasonably easy, point it at a directory of CR2 files and tell it where to drop the JPEGs and click the button.

The method that really worked for me:

You need dcraw and ppmtojpeg (install with apt)

for i in *.CR2; do dcraw -c $i | ppmtojpeg > $1.jpg; echo $i done; done 

What it does: First convert CR2 to PPM with dcraw passing the output to ppmtojpeg which converts to JPG.

Since you mentioned apt, it’s worth noting that in Debian derivatives, ppmtojpeg in included in the netpbm package (users may be confused if they search for a package with the same name as the binary).

Create a bash file like foo.sh and execute as ./foo.sh in command line:

#!/bin/sh for i in $(ls) do ufraw-batch --out-type png $i echo "conversion done $i" done 

I had trouble with ufraw since it produces a segmentation fault on elementary OS (see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ufraw/+bug/1768855). I combined your answers (thanks!) and finally got a working version.

First get the right command for exiftool (as mentioned by Rafael):

exiftool -s2 -all -b -X -fXMP:XMP test.RAF | grep Preview 

which is in my case not -Composite:PreviewImage but:

So you can use the batch script from Abu:

#!/bin/sh for i in *.RAF do exiftool -File:PreviewImage -b $i > $i.jpg echo $i done 

You could also program a simple loop in the console.

For example (using the fish console), and assuming the active directory only has RAW files.

set files (ls) for i in $files dcraw $i end 

set files (ls) for i in $files ufraw-batch --out-type=tif --out-depth $i end 

I use ufraw-batch that way because it often leads to an error, see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ufraw/+bug/1768855 .

.cr2 files are apparently some kind of Canon digital camera raw format. Maybe that’s what CR stands for?—«Canon Raw».

Anyway, I just recovered a bunch of them from a corrupted SD card from a digital camera, using ddrescue and photorec (installed by sudo apt install testdisk , and here’s how I just converted hundreds of recovered .cr2 files to .png and .jpg images:

Update after writing this answer:

[I need to experiment more with this too]

CR2 files appear to be valid TIF files too, so you might also try simply changing the file extension from .cr2 to .tif and then using tools to convert from .tif to .jpg or .png ! I just renamed the file extension from .cr2 to .tif and double-clicked it and my image viewer in Ubuntu 20.04 was able to open it just fine.

How to convert a single .cr2 image to a .jpg or .png image

# First, install ImageMagick sudo apt install imagemagick # strip off the .cr2 extension from your file (this is required for some reason # to make `convert` work) mv myimage.cr2 myimage # Create a JPG from that image. # - This creates `myimage.jpg`. The original `myimage` image remains intact. convert myimage myimage.jpg # Create a PNG image from that image # - This creates `myimage.png`. The original `myimage` image remains intact. convert myimage myimage.png 

Note: if convert won’t work, try the fix I mention in my answer here.

How to batch convert hundreds of .cr2 images into .jpg or .png images

In my case, I needed to convert hundreds of images from .cr2 to .png. Here is how I did that as fast as possible, using all 8 of my CPU cores at once:

cd path/to/all/of/your/cr2/images # Move all .cr2 images into a "cr2" folder mkdir cr2 mv *.cr2 cr2 cd cr2 # strip the extension (`convert` won't work if you don't do this first, for some # reason) # How to strip file extensions in bash: # https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/180272/114401 for file in *.cr2; do mv -- "$file" "$"; done # Convert them all to PNG images now! # `xargs` learned from here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/25532027/4561887 # - Note: change the number in `-P8` to your number of hardware CPUs. I have 8 # CPUs, so I use `-P8` to specify that I want to use 8 hardware cores via # 8 simultaneous `convert` operations to speed this up! ls | xargs -n1 -P8 -I% convert % %.png # When done, move all produced .png images to a "png" dir one level up, at the # same level as the "cr2" dir we are currently in mkdir ../png mv *.png ../png/ 

Going further: how to recover images from a corrupted camera SD card, memory card, drive, or disk (or just deleted files)

This is how I got all of my .cr2 files I then needed to convert to .jpg and .png images as described above.

References

1. Converting images from .cr2 to .png or .jpg:
   1. Google search for «linux convert .cr2 to jpg»
      1. Very useful!: where I first learned about using convert to convert .cr2 images to .png. I also learned here that you have to strip the .cr2 extension first to make it work!: https://www.linuxshelltips.com/convert-raw-camera-image-to-jpeg-in-linux/

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