Is there a «Super» break key for bash?
When using terminal sometimes you need to break the program. Sometimes you press Ctrl — c sometimes Ctrl — x and sometimes Ctrl — z In some circumstances, it might simply be closing a quote or pressing enter a few times there are even instances when Ctrl — d will work. So when I get stuck, like an idiot, I start mashing those keys like an idiot in the hope that the process will quit. In 95% of the cases it works and when I get desperate I just close the terminal and that works 100% of the time. I’m sure there is a logical reason for the various states due to the program being in a particular state but all I want to do is just break the application and return to the bash prompt. Is there a super key that will break the process without having to mash these 4 magic keys in the hope that the application will terminate?
1 Answer 1
The super key is closing the terminal. 🙂 That, or the power button on your computer.
Each of the key combinations Ctrl + c , Ctrl + x , Ctrl + z , and Ctrl + d does a different thing.
- Ctrl + c : generates an interrupt signal (SIGINT).
- Ctrl + x : I’m not sure what this does.
- Ctrl + z : suspend the process, allowing it to be resumed at a later point (SIGSTOP).
- Ctrl + d : sends an end-of-file (EOF) character.
Each process is at liberty to interpret these signals as they see fit. Hence, there is some heterogeneity in the response.
A more generic way to terminate a process would be to kill it with a SIGKILL signal, the most aggressive way, which is which (I think) is the same as closing the terminal window. It’s better to attempt Ctrl + d and Ctrl + c first though, because these are signals that the process can anticipate, allowing it to end in a predictable and safer way.
Check the manual page with man 7 signal .
Thread: sending CTRL+BREAK in terminal
First Cup of Ubuntu 
sending CTRL+BREAK in terminal
I am currently using expect to auto-configure some cisco routers via /dev/ttys0 which is working great, trouble is I need to break in to rommon so I can make it load an IOS file from an tftp server, how do I send a CTRL+break in a terminal session, ie is there an ascii code for it or something?
Ubuntu Cappuccino Scuro 
Re: sending CTRL+BREAK in terminal
Originally Posted by gunga-din 
I am currently using expect to auto-configure some cisco routers via /dev/ttys0 which is working great, trouble is I need to break in to rommon so I can make it load an IOS file from an tftp server, how do I send a CTRL+break in a terminal session, ie is there an ascii code for it or something?
Do you need an actual break? It doesn’t have an ASCII code, but consists of setting the line to zero for more than the duration of an ordinary character.
Often, however, an ASCII Nul (code 0) will work just as well. You send that by doing Ctrl-@ (and Ctrl-space often works too).
The program you use for connecting ought to have some command to send an actually break, using first an escape character to enter the program’s command level.
Ctrl break in linux
What do the following keyboard keys do? Do people still use them, and for what? And what is their function in a modern GNU/Linux or Ubuntu desktop or server?
The weird keys in question:
SysRq
Scroll Lock (ScrLk)
Pause
Break
Insert
If you have any other keyboard keys that you have no idea what they do, list them!
What do the following keyboard keys do? Do people still use them, and for what? And what is their function in a modern GNU/Linux or Ubuntu desktop or server?
The weird keys in question:
SysRq
Scroll Lock (ScrLk)
Pause
Break
Insert
If you have any other keyboard keys that you have no idea what they do, list them!
1. Launch the screenshot prog.
2. I don’t have a clue
3. As the KB design comes from old systems and game consoles; i could see how you could use this to pause execution.
4. See 3. (Same key)
5. To switch between insert and replace (overwrite) modes for text-editors.
Holding down Alt and SysRq (which is the Print Screen key) while slowly typing REISUB will get you safely restarted.
See for example http://kember.net/articles/reisub-the-gentle-linux-restart/ (http://kember.net/articles/reisub-the-gentle-linux-restart/)
Holding down Alt and SysRq (which is the Print Screen key) and typing K will log you out and restart the X server. This replaces
Holding down Alt and SysRq (which is the Print Screen key) while slowly typing REISUB will get you safely restarted.
See for example http://kember.net/articles/reisub-the-gentle-linux-restart/ (http://kember.net/articles/reisub-the-gentle-linux-restart/)
Actually holding down SysRq alone does that.
. but if your SysRq key is combined with the PrintScr key (like it usually is), you need the Alt to access the SysRq key in the first place. So the shortcut is either Alt+PrtScr+magic key, or SysRq+magic key. 😉
(. and yes, I’m using a machine with separate keys for PrtScr and SysRq, so no Alt for me when doing magic key shortcuts. D)
Scroll Lock is rarely used for anything these days, but originally it altered between using arrow keys to move the cursor or to scroll the screen.
Pause will (or at least it used to) pause the current program until another key is (was) pressed. And Break has had many different uses, usually related to interrupting or stopping a program, or even rebooting the system. I’m not sure if Break really does anything on modern operating systems any more. (yes, my Pause and Break are also separate keys. What a great keyboard!)
. and like roelforg said, Insert key switches between insert and replace modes while typing text.
Actually holding down SysRq alone does that.
. but if your SysRq key is combined with the PrintScr key (like it usually is), you need the Alt to access the SysRq key in the first place. So the shortcut is either Alt+PrtScr+magic key, or SysRq+magic key. 😉
(. and yes, I’m using a machine with separate keys for PrtScr and SysRq, so no Alt for me when doing magic key shortcuts. D)
Scroll Lock is rarely used for anything these days, but originally it altered between using arrow keys to move the cursor or to scroll the screen.
Pause will (or at least it used to) pause the current program until another key is (was) pressed. And Break has had many different uses, usually related to interrupting or stopping a program, or even rebooting the system. I’m not sure if Break really does anything on modern operating systems any more.
. and like roelforg said, Insert key switches between insert and replace modes while typing text.
On avg. i get 3 Support requests every month from family where the problem is accidentally pushing the insert key (usually the requester is in panic b/c text «disappears» when they type). Man you start hating that key after a few month.
On avg. i get 3 Support requests every month from family where the problem is accidentally pushing the insert key (usually the requester is in panic b/c text «disappears» when they type). Man you start hating that key after a few month.
That is probably one of my most used keys in the keyboard. Something I’d have considered as basic key as Space or Return. It’s amazing, and quite sad really, that people don’t know how to use it any more.
. on the other hand I’ve had to help people with even more common keys, like Tab or Del. And of course misuse of the Return key is quite common when people are using word processors. Which only proves my belief that everybody should do a 2-week crash course on CLI only system before they are allowed to use a modern graphical UI. How much better people would understand what they are doing (and how much less problems they’d have in future) had they at least for a while actually done things without the UI hiding everything from them. 😉
Holding down Alt and SysRq (which is the Print Screen key) and typing K will log you out and restart the X server. This replaces
I’ve come up with a use for the pause/break key in Firefox. I installed an extension «customizable shortcuts» that enables me to assign browser functions to keys. I made the pause/break key a ‘page back’ key. It’s located on my keyboard such that it works pretty well with a 2 button trackball.
I thought so. SyRq = System Request.
Ctrl-Break is used with programmes like putty that can operate a serial console connection to a Cisco router. Ctrl-Break interrupts the normal boot process to get into the Cisco rommon
Thanks everyone for the information.
I had no idea people still used serial cables. So pause & break don’t really do anything on modern machines/software, does it? I tried to use it in bash to «pause» or «break» execution, but it did nothing. I also tried in ssh, nothing.
Double checked xev to make sure both buttons register correctly, and they do. Weird that they still make these two buttons on keyboards. And out of the two, only break is useful to probably no more than 0.001% of the computer population which still uses serial cables 🙂
I still don’t get the point of Scroll Lock and why it’s on any modern keyboard.
SysRq (system request) is insane! From what I understand, it does nothing by itself, but is used in combinations to send siganls straight to the kernel. In fact, there are like 50 key combinations! The Magic SysRq key is crazy powerful (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key).
So if I bind pause, break and scroll lock to some desktop / window shortcuts, similar to what kurt18947 suggested, I won’t see any adverse effects, will I?
.
So if I bind pause, break and scroll lock to some desktop / window shortcuts, similar to what kurt18947 suggested, I won’t see any adverse effects, will I?
I don’t use break at all. I have KVM switches in order to use one desktop set of hardware (monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers) for several computers, and one of those KVMs actually uses ‘doubleclick scroll lock’ as a hotkey, but otherwise I have never used it.
So go ahead and bind those keys 🙂
Thanks everyone for the information.
I had no idea people still used serial cables. So pause & break don’t really do anything on modern machines/software, does it? I tried to use it in bash to «pause» or «break» execution, but it did nothing. I also tried in ssh, nothing.
Double checked xev to make sure both buttons register correctly, and they do. Weird that they still make these two buttons on keyboards. And out of the two, only break is useful to probably no more than 0.001% of the computer population which still uses serial cables 🙂
I still don’t get the point of Scroll Lock and why it’s on any modern keyboard.
SysRq (system request) is insane! From what I understand, it does nothing by itself, but is used in combinations to send siganls straight to the kernel. In fact, there are like 50 key combinations! The Magic SysRq key is crazy powerful (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key).
So if I bind pause, break and scroll lock to some desktop / window shortcuts, similar to what kurt18947 suggested, I won’t see any adverse effects, will I?
All these keys are still used by various programs, even though they might not have any universal purpose any more.
And also keep in mind that in many industry (and other) fields, it’s not uncommon to still run over 15 years old applications, in which case all keys and functions like this are still needed. Computers are not only for desktop and office applications. 😉
edit: you can actually use scroll lock to pause command output in Linux terminal, at least if you use it in a TTY instead of a terminal emulator running on your desktop. If you want to try it, hit Ctrl_Alt-F1 to get into TTY1, log in, run something like «ls -Rl» that results in loads of putput, and hit Scroll Lock.
I have a special keyboard, that none of you have. It has an «[any]» key, useful for when software asks you to «Press any key to continue».
If you want it, it’s a collector’s item, and �45,000