Display setting in linux commands

Содержание

How to find screen resolution in Linux desktop environment
Method One: xdyinfo
Method Two: xrandr
Method Three: Display Settings
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How To Configure Your Monitors With Xrandr in Linux
Software Requirements and Conventions Used
How to Find Info About Your Monitors
How to Set Your Monitor Resolution
How to Set Your Monitor Refresh Rate
How to Manage Dual Monitor Setups
Conclusion
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How to find screen resolution in Linux desktop environment

One system setting that you often check or modify in Linux desktop environment is display setting, in particular, screen resolution. There are different ways to get display resolution information on Linux, either from the command line or from GUI-based display settings.

In this tutorial, I will describe how to find screen resolution in Linux desktop environment.

Method One: xdyinfo

One way to determine monitor resolution is via xdpyinfo , a command-line utility for showing information about an X server, including current display resolution. To check the current screen resolution from the command line, simply run:

$ xdpyinfo | grep "dimensions" | awk '< print $2 >'

Method Two: xrandr

The second screen resolution command is xrandr , a command-line interface for RandR (short for «X Resize, Rotate and Reflect Extension»). The xrandr command can show you the current screen resolution, as well as all possible display settings.

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1366 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 194mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 40.1 1360x768 59.8 60.0 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

As you can see above, if you run xrandr command without any argument, you can get a list of all available screen resolutions. The currently set screen resolution is indicated with * marker. Therefore, to find the current display resolution only, use the following command.

Method Three: Display Settings

Every Linux desktop environment comes with its own GUI-based system settings, including display settings. Thus, you can use GUI-based display settings to determine the current screen resolution. To launch GUI-based display settings, you can use desktop-specific command line interface as demonstrated below.

To launch display settings on GNOME desktop environment, use either of the following commands:

$ gnome-control-center display

To launch display settings on KDE desktop environment, run:

To launch display settings on LXDE desktop environment, run:

To launch display settings on Xfce desktop environment, run:

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How To Configure Your Monitors With Xrandr in Linux

Just about every desktop environment comes with some way to configure and control your monitors, but some aren’t quite up to par, and bugs can be a factor. Then, there are tiling window managers and more minimal desktops that don’t have those utilities. In any of these cases, Xrandr, the Xorg’s own utility for monitor management is your best friend, and it’s not too hard to use.

In this tutorial you will learn:

How to Find Info About Your Monitors
How to Set Your Monitor Resolution
How to Set Your Monitor Refresh Rate
How to Manage Dual Monitor Setups

Software Requirements and Conventions Used

Software Requirements and Linux Command Line Conventions

Category	Requirements, Conventions or Software Version Used
System	Nearly All Linux Distros
Software	Xrandr
Other	Privileged access to your Linux system as root or via the sudo command.
Conventions	# – requires given linux commands to be executed with root privileges either directly as a root user or by use of sudo command $ – requires given linux commands to be executed as a regular non-privileged user

How to Find Info About Your Monitors

Before you do anything, you’re going to need to find out a bit about your monitors, like how your system is referencing them, their available resolutions, and their refresh rates. You can accomplish all of this with a simple command to query your monitors.

The results might look complex, but they’re really simple, once you break them down. Each heading is actually a listing for one of the ports on your graphics card. They’ll be something like DisplayPort-0 or DVI-D-0 . Next to each one, you’ll see if it’s connected or disconnected. The connected ones are obviously the monitors that you have in use.

Next to that connection status, you’ll see whether that monitor is the primary. After that you’ll see a notation the current resolution of your monitor with position information, denoted by the plus signs. The first position is the x coordinate, and the second is the y . The primary monitor will have zeroes in these positions. A secondary monitor placed to the right, like in the image, will have +1920 or something similar in the x position.

The available resolutions are listed down the left side of what amounts to a table under each connected display. To the left of each resolution, you’ll find the available refresh rates for that resolution listed out going from left to right. There’s an asterisk(*) next to the refresh rate that your monitor is currently set at.

How to Set Your Monitor Resolution

Now that you have a general idea what your monitors are capable of, you can set the resolution of one. Take a look at the available resolutions. Then, use Xrandr to set it.

$ xrandr --output DVI-D-0 --mode 1920x1080

The —output flag is necessary to specify which monitor you’re targeting. Then the —mode flag tells it which resolution to use.

How to Set Your Monitor Refresh Rate

The —rate flag allows you to set your monitor’s refresh rate. Take a look at your monitor’s information. Select a rate that your monitor can use at its current resolution. Then, use the flag to set your monitor’s refresh rate.

$ xrandr --output DVI-D-0 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 60.00

How to Manage Dual Monitor Setups

The situation is similar for dual monitor set ups. Just specify the information for both monitors in your command. It should look something like this:

$ xrandr --output DisplayPort-0 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 144.00 --output DVI-D-0 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 60.00

Dual monitor set ups have some added flags that can be useful for positioning and priority. The —primary flag specifies the primary monitor. You can use the —left-of and —right-of flags to set the position of your other monitors. All together, it looks something like the example below.

$ xrandr --output DisplayPort-0 --primary --mode 1920x1080 --rate 144.00 --output DVI-D-0 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 60.00 --right-of DisplayPort-0

Conclusion

You’re now ready to manage your monitors and provide specific detail straight to the X Server. It’s important to note that Xrandr is highly scriptable, and you can run it as a startup script. You can also include Xrandr statements in your .xinitrc file or run it as a script in your window manager’s startup.

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