Docker linux установка centos

Install Docker Engine on CentOS

To get started with Docker Engine on CentOS, make sure you meet the prerequisites, and then follow the installation steps.

Prerequisites

OS requirements

To install Docker Engine, you need a maintained version of one of the following CentOS versions:

The centos-extras repository must be enabled. This repository is enabled by default, but if you have disabled it, you need to re-enable it.

Uninstall old versions

Older versions of Docker went by the names of docker or docker-engine . Uninstall any such older versions before attempting to install a new version, along with associated dependencies.

$ sudo yum remove docker \ docker-client \ docker-client-latest \ docker-common \ docker-latest \ docker-latest-logrotate \ docker-logrotate \ docker-engine 

yum might report that you have none of these packages installed.

Images, containers, volumes, and networks stored in /var/lib/docker/ aren’t automatically removed when you uninstall Docker.

Installation methods

You can install Docker Engine in different ways, depending on your needs:

• You can set up Docker’s repositories and install from them, for ease of installation and upgrade tasks. This is the recommended approach.
• You can download the RPM package and install it manually and manage upgrades completely manually. This is useful in situations such as installing Docker on air-gapped systems with no access to the internet.
• In testing and development environments, you can use automated convenience scripts to install Docker.

Install using the rpm repository

Before you install Docker Engine for the first time on a new host machine, you need to set up the Docker repository. Afterward, you can install and update Docker from the repository.

Set up the repository

Install the yum-utils package (which provides the yum-config-manager utility) and set up the repository.

$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils $ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 

Install Docker Engine

To install the latest version, run:

$ sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin 

If prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches 060A 61C5 1B55 8A7F 742B 77AA C52F EB6B 621E 9F35 , and if so, accept it.

This command installs Docker, but it doesn’t start Docker. It also creates a docker group, however, it doesn’t add any users to the group by default.

To install a specific version, start by listing the available versions in the repository:

$ yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r docker-ce.x86_64 3:24.0.0-1.el8 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:23.0.6-1.el8 docker-ce-stable 

The list returned depends on which repositories are enabled, and is specific to your version of CentOS (indicated by the .el8 suffix in this example).

Install a specific version by its fully qualified package name, which is the package name ( docker-ce ) plus the version string (2nd column), separated by a hyphen ( — ). For example, docker-ce-3:24.0.0-1.el8 .

Replace with the desired version and then run the following command to install:

$ sudo yum install docker-ce- docker-ce-cli- containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin 

This command installs Docker, but it doesn’t start Docker. It also creates a docker group, however, it doesn’t add any users to the group by default.

$ sudo systemctl start docker 

$ sudo docker run hello-world 

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.

Tip

Receiving errors when trying to run without root?

The docker user group exists but contains no users, which is why you’re required to use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to Linux postinstall to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, follow the installation instructions, choosing the new version you want to install.

Install from a package

If you can’t use Docker’s rpm repository to install Docker Engine, you can download the .rpm file for your release and install it manually. You need to download a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker Engine.

1. Go to https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/ and choose your version of CentOS. Then browse to x86_64/stable/Packages/ and download the .rpm file for the Docker version you want to install.
2. Install Docker Engine, changing the path below to the path where you downloaded the Docker package.

$ sudo yum install /path/to/package.rpm 

$ sudo systemctl start docker 

$ sudo docker run hello-world 

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.

Tip

Receiving errors when trying to run without root?

The docker user group exists but contains no users, which is why you’re required to use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to Linux postinstall to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, download the newer package files and repeat the installation procedure, using yum -y upgrade instead of yum -y install , and point to the new files.

Install using the convenience script

Docker provides a convenience script at https://get.docker.com/ to install Docker into development environments non-interactively. The convenience script isn’t recommended for production environments, but it’s useful for creating a provisioning script tailored to your needs. Also refer to the install using the repository steps to learn about installation steps to install using the package repository. The source code for the script is open source, and you can find it in the docker-install repository on GitHub.

Always examine scripts downloaded from the internet before running them locally. Before installing, make yourself familiar with potential risks and limitations of the convenience script:

• The script requires root or sudo privileges to run.
• The script attempts to detect your Linux distribution and version and configure your package management system for you.
• The script doesn’t allow you to customize most installation parameters.
• The script installs dependencies and recommendations without asking for confirmation. This may install a large number of packages, depending on the current configuration of your host machine.
• By default, the script installs the latest stable release of Docker, containerd, and runc. When using this script to provision a machine, this may result in unexpected major version upgrades of Docker. Always test upgrades in a test environment before deploying to your production systems.
• The script isn’t designed to upgrade an existing Docker installation. When using the script to update an existing installation, dependencies may not be updated to the expected version, resulting in outdated versions.

Tip: preview script steps before running

You can run the script with the —dry-run option to learn what steps the script will run when invoked:

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh $ sudo sh ./get-docker.sh --dry-run 

This example downloads the script from https://get.docker.com/ and runs it to install the latest stable release of Docker on Linux:

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh $ sudo sh get-docker.sh Executing docker install script, commit: 7cae5f8b0decc17d6571f9f52eb840fbc13b2737 

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine. The docker service starts automatically on Debian based distributions. On RPM based distributions, such as CentOS, Fedora, RHEL or SLES, you need to start it manually using the appropriate systemctl or service command. As the message indicates, non-root users can’t run Docker commands by default.

Use Docker as a non-privileged user, or install in rootless mode?

The installation script requires root or sudo privileges to install and use Docker. If you want to grant non-root users access to Docker, refer to the post-installation steps for Linux. You can also install Docker without root privileges, or configured to run in rootless mode. For instructions on running Docker in rootless mode, refer to run the Docker daemon as a non-root user (rootless mode).

Install pre-releases

Docker also provides a convenience script at https://test.docker.com/ to install pre-releases of Docker on Linux. This script is equal to the script at get.docker.com , but configures your package manager to use the test channel of the Docker package repository. The test channel includes both stable and pre-releases (beta versions, release-candidates) of Docker. Use this script to get early access to new releases, and to evaluate them in a testing environment before they’re released as stable.

To install the latest version of Docker on Linux from the test channel, run:

$ curl -fsSL https://test.docker.com -o test-docker.sh $ sudo sh test-docker.sh 

Upgrade Docker after using the convenience script

If you installed Docker using the convenience script, you should upgrade Docker using your package manager directly. There’s no advantage to re-running the convenience script. Re-running it can cause issues if it attempts to re-install repositories which already exist on the host machine.

Uninstall Docker Engine

$ sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin docker-ce-rootless-extras 

$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker $ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd 

You have to delete any edited configuration files manually.

Next steps

• Continue to Post-installation steps for Linux.
• Review the topics in Develop with Docker to learn how to build new applications using Docker.

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Установка Docker на Linux

Обновлено: 29.06.2023 Опубликовано: 25.07.2020

Используемые термины: Docker, Linux. Мы рассмотрим процесс установки Docker на популярные системы семейства Linux.

Ubuntu

Astra Linux

Rocky Linux / CentOS 8

CentOS 7

Fedora

РЕД ОС

Рекомендуемая настройка

<
«data-root»: «/opt/docker»,
«storage-driver»: «overlay2»,
«log-driver»: «json-file»,
«log-opts»: <
«max-size»: «10m»,
«max-file»: «3»
>
>

• data-root — корневая директория, относительно которой будут создаваться служебные файлы и дисковые тома.
• storage-driver — драйвер хранилища. На данный момент рекомендуется использовать overlay2.
• log-driver — драйвер перехвата и хранения логов. Мы выставляем json-file, который для ведения журнала использует файловое хранилище.
• log-opts — опции журнала. В данном примере мы ограничиваем объем 30 мб — 3 файла по 10 мб.

Для применения настроек перезапустим docker:

Проверка после установки и настройки

Чтобы убедиться, что docker в рабочем состоянии, выполняем команду:

Сначала система обнаружит, что нужного образа нет и загрузит его:

Unable to find image ‘hello-world:latest’ locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Already exists
Digest: sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

После отобразит приветствие:

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker.

Docker работает корректно.

Установка Compose

Команда docker-compose позволяет развернуть многоконтейнерные Docker-приложения.

Для ее установка сначала убедимся в наличие пакета curl.

а) На системы DEB:

б) На системы RPM:

После переходим на страницу github.com/docker/compose/releases/latest и смотрим последнюю версию docker-compose.

curl -L «https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v$COMVER/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)» -o /usr/bin/docker-compose

* где 2.19.0 — последняя версия compose на момент обновления инструкции.

Даем права файлу на исполнение:

chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose

Запускаем docker-compose с выводом его версии:

Возможные проблемы

1. undefined symbol: seccomp_api_set

Сервис докера не запускается, а в логе можно увидеть следующий текст ошибки:

/usr/bin/containerd: symbol lookup error: /usr/bin/containerd: undefined symbol: seccomp_api_set

Причина: ошибка возникает, если установить свежую версию containerd на систему с необновленной библиотекой libseccomp.

Решение: обновляем libseccomp.

apt —only-upgrade install libseccomp2

2. error initializing network controller list bridge addresses failed no available network

Сервис докера не запускается, а в логе можно увидеть следующий текст ошибки:

error initializing network controller list bridge addresses failed no available network

Причина: система не может создать docker-интерфейс.

Решение: создаем docker-интерфейс вручную. Устанавливаем утилиту для работы с bridge-интерфейсами.

Назначаем IP-адреса на созданный интерфейс:

ip addr add 192.168.84.1/24 dev docker0

* в нашем примере для docker мы задали адрес 192.168.84.1.

Включаем созданный интерфейс:

ip link set dev docker0 up

Читайте также

Другие полезные инструкции:

Источник