How to run php in linux

You can use php 's -r switch as such:

php -r 'echo function_exists("foo") ? "yes" : "no";' 

The above PHP command above should output no and returns 0 as you can see:

>>> php -r 'echo function_exists("foo") ? "yes" : "no";' no >>> echo $? # print the return value of the previous command 0 

Another funny switch is php -a:

-a Run as interactive shell 

It's sort of lame compared to phpsh, but if you don't want to install the awesome interactive shell for PHP made by Facebook to get tab completion, history, and so on, then use -a as such:

>>> php -a Interactive shell php > echo function_exists("foo") ? "yes" : "no"; no php > 

If it doesn't work on your box like on my boxes (tested on Ubuntu and Arch Linux), then probably your PHP setup is fuzzy or broken. If you run this command:

You should see:

Server API => Command Line Interface 

If you don't, this means that maybe another command will provides the CLI SAPI. Try php-cli; maybe it's a package or a command available in your OS.

If you do see that your php command uses the CLI (command-line interface) SAPI (Server API), then run php -h | grep code to find out which crazy switch - as this hasn't changed for year- allows to run code in your version/setup.

Another couple of examples, just to make sure it works on my boxes:

>>> php -r 'echo function_exists("sg_load") ? "yes" : "no";' no >>> php -r 'echo function_exists("print_r") ? "yes" : "no";' yes 

Also, note that it is possible that an extension is loaded in the CLI and not in the CGI or Apache SAPI. It is likely that several PHP SAPIs use different php.ini files, e.g., /etc/php/cli/php.ini vs. /etc/php/cgi/php.ini vs. /etc/php/apache/php.ini on a Gentoo Linux box. Find out which ini file is used with php -i | grep ini .

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How to Use and Execute PHP Codes in Linux Command Line – Part 1

PHP is an open source server side scripting Language which originally stood for ‘Personal Home Page‘ now stands for ‘PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor‘, which is a recursive acronym. It is a cross platform scripting language which is highly influenced by C, C++ and Java.

A PHP Syntax is very similar to Syntax in C, Java and Perl Programming Language with a few PHP-specific feature. PHP is used by some 260 Million websites, as of now. The current stable release is PHP Version 5.6.10.

PHP is HTML embedded script which facilitates developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly. PHP is primarily used on Server-side (and JavaScript on Client Side) to generate dynamic web pages over HTTP, however you will be surprised to know that you can execute a PHP in a Linux Terminal without the need of a web browser.

This article aims at throwing light on the command-line aspect of PHP scripting Language.

1. After PHP and Apache2 installation, we need to install PHP command Line Interpreter.

# apt-get install php5-cli [Debian and alike System) # yum install php-cli [CentOS and alike System)

Next thing, we do is to test a php (if installed correctly or not) commonly as by creating a file infophp.php at location ‘/var/www/html‘ (Apache2 working directory in most of the distros), with the content , simply by running the below command.

# echo '' > /var/www/html/infophp.php

and then point your browser to http://127.0.0.1/infophp.php which opens this file in web browser.

Same results can be obtained from the Linux terminal without the need of any browser. Run the PHP file located at ‘/var/www/html/infophp.php‘ in Linux Command Line as:

# php -f /var/www/html/infophp.php

Since the output is too big we can pipeline the above output with ‘less‘ command to get one screen output at a time, simply as:

# php -f /var/www/html/infophp.php | less

Here Option ‘-f‘ parse and execute the file that follows the command.

2. We can use phpinfo() which is a very valuable debugging tool directly on the Linux command-line without the need of calling it from a file, simply as:

Here the option ‘-r‘ run the PHP Code in the Linux Terminal directly without tags < and >.

3. Run PHP in Interactive mode and do some mathematics. Here option ‘-a‘ is for running PHP in Interactive Mode.

# php -a Interactive shell php > echo 2+3; 5 php > echo 9-6; 3 php > echo 5*4; 20 php > echo 12/3; 4 php > echo 12/5; 2.4 php > echo 2+3-1; 4 php > echo 2+3-1*3; 2 php > exit

Press ‘exit‘ or ‘ctrl+c‘ to close PHP interactive mode.

4. You can run a PHP script simply as, if it is a shell script. First Create a PHP sample script in your current working directory.

# echo -e '#!/usr/bin/php\n' > phpscript.php

Notice we used #!/usr/bin/php in the first line of this PHP script as we use to do in shell script (/bin/bash). The first line #!/usr/bin/php tells the Linux Command-Line to parse this script file to PHP Interpreter.

Second make it executable as:

5. You will be surprised to know you can create simple functions all by yourself using the interactive shell. Here is the step-by step instruction.

Start PHP interactive mode.

Create a function and name it addition. Also declare two variables $a and $b.

php > function addition ($a, $b)

Use curly braces to define rules in between them for this function.

Define Rule(s). Here the rule say to add the two variables.

All rules defined. Enclose rules by closing curly braces.

Test function and add digits 4 and 3 simply as :

php > var_dump (addition(4,3));

Sample Output

You may run the below code to execute the function, as many times as you want with different values. Replace a and b with values of yours.

php > var_dump (addition(a,b));

php > var_dump (addition(9,3.3));

Sample Output

You may run this function till you quit interactive mode (Ctrl+z). Also you would have noticed that in the above output the data type returned is NULL. This can be fixed by asking php interactive shell to return in place of echo.

Simply replace the ‘echo‘ statement in the above function with ‘return‘

and rest of the things and principles remain same.

Here is an Example, which returns appropriate data-type in the output.

Always Remember, user defined functions are not saved in history from shell session to shell session, hence once you exit the interactive shell, it is lost.

Hope you liked this session. Keep Connected for more such posts. Stay Tuned and Healthy. Provide us with your valuable feedback in the comments. Like ans share us and help us get spread.

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Running PHP script from the command line

How can I run a PHP script from the command line using the PHP interpreter which is used to parse web scripts? I have a phpinfo.php file which is accessed from the web shows that German is installed. However, if I run the phpinfo.php from the command line using - php phpinfo.php and grep for German , I don't find it. So both PHP files are different. I need to run a script which the php on which German is installed. How can I do this?

Please add more details about installed web server software, for example add output from phpinfo(); to your question. Also updated my answer.

3 Answers 3

You should check your server configuration files. Look for lines that start with LoadModule php . There probably are configuration files/directories named mods or something like that. Start from there.

You could also check output from php -r 'phpinfo();' | grep php and compare lines to phpinfo(); from web server.

To run php interactively:

(So you can paste/write code in the console.)

To make it parse a file and output to the console:

Parse a file and output to another file:

php -f file.php > results.html 

Do you need something else?

To run only a small part, one line or like, you can use:

php -r '$x = "Hello World"; echo "$x\n";' 

If you are running Linux then do man php at the console.

If you need/want to run PHP through fpm (FastCGI Process Manager), use cli fcgi:

SCRIPT_NAME="file.php" SCRIP_FILENAME="file.php" REQUEST_METHOD="GET" cgi-fcgi -bind -connect "/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock" 

Where /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock is your php-fpm socket file.

No. The problem is that there are multiple phps on the system. I need to find out which php is used to parse web scripts. If I run php from the console then it can't find a class - but if I call that script from the web then that problem isn't there. So it means that the PHP which is used are different, isn't it?

@Siddharth You should check that from your server s/w configuration. Add your server details to question.

In linux, you can use which php to tell you which executable you are running by default. To use another executable, you must specify the full path to the executable you wish to use: /path/to/specific/php -f file.php > results.html

nice detail, +1 for explanation. Just here to comment, be watch with the environment vars, maybe you need to use the complete directory path even when the script is in the same directory that php.exe

On SUSE Linux, there are two different configuration files for PHP: one for Apache, and one for CLI (command line interface). In the /etc/php5/ directory, you will find an "apache2" directory and a "cli" directory. Each has a "php.ini" file. The files are for the same purpose (PHP configuration), but apply to the two different ways of running PHP. These files, among other things, load the modules PHP uses.

If your OS is similar, then these two files are probably not the same. Your Apache php.ini is probably loading the German module, while the the CLI php.ini isn't. When the module was installed (auto or manual), it probably only updated the Apache php.ini file.

You could simply copy the Apache php.ini file over into the cli directory to make the CLI environment exactly like the Apache environment.

Or, you could find the line that loads the German module in the Apache file and copy/paste just it to the CLI file.

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How to execute PHP code using command line ?

PHP Installation for Windows Users: Follow the steps to install PHP on the Windows operating system.

• Step 1: First, we have to download PHP from it’s official website. We have to download the .zip file from the respective section depending upon on our system architecture(x86 or x64).
• Step 2: Extract the .zip file to your preferred location. It is recommended to choose the Boot Drive(C Drive) inside a folder named php (ie. C:\php).
• Step 3: Now we have to add the folder (C:\php) to the Environment Variable Path so that it becomes accessible from the command line. To do so, we have to right click on My Computer or This PC icon, then Choose Properties from the context menu. Then click the Advanced system settings link, and then click Environment Variables. In the section System Variables, we have to find the PATH environment variable and then select and Edit it. If the PATH environment variable does not exist, we have to click New. In the Edit System Variable (or New System Variable) window, we have to specify the value of the PATH environment variable (C:\php or the location of our extracted php files). After that, we have to click OK and close all remaining windows by clicking OK.

PHP Installation for Linux Users:

apt-get install php5-common libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli

PHP Installation for Mac Users:

Mac users can install php using the following command.

curl -s https://php-osx.liip.ch/install.sh | bash -s 7.3

After installation of PHP, we are ready to run PHP code through command line. You just follow the steps to run PHP program using command line.

• Open terminal or command line window.
• Goto the specified folder or directory where php files are present.
• Then we can run php code using the following command:

We can also start server for testing the php code using the command line by the following command:

php -S localhost:port -t your_folder/

Note: While using the PHP built-in server, the name of the PHP file inside the root folder must be index.php, and all other PHP files can be hyperlinked through the main index page.

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. You can learn PHP from the ground up by following this PHP Tutorial and PHP Examples.

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