Install oracle database 12c on linux
12 c Release 2 (12.2) for Linux
Oracle Database Installation Guide, 12c Release 2 (12.2) for Linux
Copyright © 2015, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Primary Author: Prakash Jashnani
Contributing Authors: Douglas Williams, Sunil Surabhi
Contributors: David Austin, Jean-Francois Verrier, Neha Avasthy, Sampath Ravindhran, Prasad Bagal, Subhranshu Banerjee, Tammy Bednar, Smitha Viswanathan, Gavin Bowe, Robert Chang, Darcy Christensen, Kiran Chamala, Jonathan Creighton, Benoit Dageville, Logeshwaran Rajan, Rajesh Dasari, Angad Gokakkar , Anu Natarajan, Kalambhatti Prashanth, Bernard Clouse, Chandrasekharan Iyer, David Jimenez, Sivaram Soma, Janet Stern, Vishal Saxena, Vasu Venkatasubramanian, Suman Palavalli, Sameer Joshi, Malai Stalin, Markus Michalewicz, Subrahmanyam Kodavaluru, Khethavath Singh, Sudip Datta, Madhu Hunasigi, Jim Erickson, Marcus Fallen, Joseph Francis, Mark Fuller, Allan Graves, Barbara Glover, Asad Hasan, Thirumaleshwara Hasandka, Sagar Jadhav, Clara Jaeckel, Aneesh Khandelwal, Joel Kallman, Eugene Karichkin, Jai Krishnani, Sangeeth Kumar, Ranjith Kundapur, Kevin Jernigan, Christopher Jones, Simon Law, Bryn Llewellyn, Saar Maoz, Sreejith Minnanghat, Gopal Mulagund, Ankur Kemkar, Sue Lee, Rich Long, Raunak Rungta, Barb Lundhild, Rolly Lv, Rudregowda Mallegowda, Padmanabhan Manavazhi, Mughees Minhas, Krishna Mohan, Matthew McKerley, John McHugh, Gurudas Pai, Satish Panchumarthy , Rajesh Prasad, Rajendra Pingte, Richard Roddy, Srinivas Poovala, Mohammed Shahnawaz Quadri, Hanlin Qian, Gurumurthy Ramamurthy, Hema Ramamurthy, Sunil Ravindrachar, Mark Richwine, Dipak Saggi, Trivikrama Samudrala, Shachi Sanklecha, David Schreiner, Ara Shakian, Janelle Simmons, Mohit Singhal, Dharma Sirnapalli, Akshay Shah, James Spiller, Roy Swonger, Binoy Sukumaran, Kamal Tbeileh, Ravi Thammaiah, Shekhar Vaggu, Preethi Vallam, Ajesh Viswambharan, Peter Wahl, Terri Winters, John Haxby, Sergiusz Wolicki, Sivakumar Yarlagadda
Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) Installation On Oracle Linux 8 (OL8)
This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1) 64-bit on Oracle Linux 8 (OL8) 64-bit. The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap and secure Linux set to permissive. An example of this type of Linux installation can be seen here.
Download Software
Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.
Unpack Files
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
You should now have a single directory called «database» containing installation files.
Hosts File
The «/etc/hosts» file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 192.168.0.215 ol8.localdomain ol8
Set the correct hostname in the «/etc/hostname» file.
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.
Automatic Setup
At the time of writing there isn’t a preinstall package from 12.1, but we can use the 19c preinstall package.
If you plan to use the «oracle-database-preinstall-19c» package to perform all your prerequisite setup, issue the following command.
# yum install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c
It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.
It’s worth running the all the YUM commands listed in the manual setup section. Depending on the OS package groups you have selected, some additional packages might also be needed.
Manual Setup
If you have not used the «oracle-database-preinstall-19c» package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.
Add the following lines to the «/etc/sysctl.conf» file, or in a file called «/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf».
fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.panic_on_oops = 1 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Run one of the following commands to change the current kernel parameters, depending on which file you edited.
/sbin/sysctl -p # Or /sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf
Add the following lines to a file called «/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.conf» file.
oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768 oracle hard memlock 134217728 oracle soft memlock 134217728
session required pam_limits.so
The following packages are listed as required, including the 32-bit version of some of the packages. Many of the packages should be installed already.
yum install binutils -y yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y yum install gcc -y yum install gcc-c++ -y yum install glibc -y yum install glibc.i686 -y yum install glibc-devel -y yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y yum install ksh -y yum install libgcc -y yum install libgcc.i686 -y yum install libstdc++ -y yum install libstdc++.i686 -y yum install libstdc++-devel -y yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y yum install libaio -y yum install libaio.i686 -y yum install libaio-devel -y yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y yum install libXext -y yum install libXext.i686 -y yum install libXtst -y yum install libXtst.i686 -y yum install libX11 -y yum install libX11.i686 -y yum install libXau -y yum install libXau.i686 -y yum install libxcb -y yum install libxcb.i686 -y yum install libXi -y yum install libXi.i686 -y yum install make -y yum install sysstat -y yum install unixODBC -y yum install unixODBC-devel -y yum install zlib-devel -y yum install zlib-devel.i686 -y
Create the new groups and users.
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall groupadd -g 54322 dba groupadd -g 54323 oper #groupadd -g 54324 backupdba #groupadd -g 54325 dgdba #groupadd -g 54326 kmdba #groupadd -g 54327 asmdba #groupadd -g 54328 asmoper #groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
Uncomment the extra groups you require.
Additional Setup
The following steps must be performed, whether you did the manual or automatic setup.
Set the password for the «oracle» user.
Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the «/etc/selinux/config» file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.
If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here. To disable it, do the following.
# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
Putting mount points directly under root without mounting separate disks to them is typically a bad idea. It’s done here for simplicity, but for a real installation «/» storage should be reserved for the OS.
Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root and issue the following command.
The scripts are created using the cat command, with all the «$» characters escaped. If you want to manually create these files, rather than using the cat command, remember to remove the «\» characters before the «$» characters.
Create a «scripts» directory.
Create an environment file called «setEnv.sh». The «$» characters are escaped using «\». If you are not creating the file with the cat command, you will need to remove the escape characters.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.shAdd a reference to the "setEnv.sh" file at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.
echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profileCreate a "start_all.sh" and "stop_all.sh" script that can be called from a startup/shutdown service. Make sure the ownership and permissions are correct.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/start_all.sh /home/oracle/scripts/stop_all.shOnce the installation is complete and you've edited the "/etc/oratab", you should be able to start/stop the database with the following scripts run from the "oracle" user.
~/scripts/start_all.sh ~/scripts/stop_all.shYou can see how to create a Linux service to automatically start/stop the database here.
Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
Switch to the directoy with the installation media, unzip it and start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing one of the following commands. The interactive mode will display GUI installer screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will install the software without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line. We need to use the CV_ASSUME_DISTID environment variable to fake the OS for the installer.
# Unzip software. cd /u01/software unzip -oq "linuxamd64_12102_database_*of2.zip" # Fake Oracle Linux 7. export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.6 # Interactive mode. ./runInstaller # Silent mode. ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \ -responseFile $/install/response/db_install.rsp \ oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ ORACLE_HOSTNAME=$ \ UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \ INVENTORY_LOCATION=$ \ SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \ ORACLE_HOME=$ \ ORACLE_BASE=$ \ oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \ SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \ DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=trueRun the root scripts when prompted.
As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.shYou can read more about silent installations here.
You are now ready to create a database, but it's better to patch the installation first if you have access to Oracle Support.
Database Creation
You create a database using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The interactive mode will display GUI screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will create the database without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.
# Start the listener. lsnrctl start # Interactive mode. dbca # Silent mode. dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname $ -sid $ -responseFile NO_VALUE \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword SysPassword1 \ -systemPassword SysPassword1 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName $ \ -pdbAdminPassword PdbPassword1 \ -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \ -memoryMgmtType auto_sga \ -totalMemory 2000 \ -storageType FS \ -datafileDestination "$" \ -redoLogFileSize 50 \ -emConfiguration NONE \ -ignorePreReqsYou can read more about silent database creation here.
Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1:YHope this helps. Regards Tim.
Created: 2020-11-15 Updated: 2020-11-15