Installing node and npm linux

Downloading and installing Node.js and npm

To publish and install packages to and from the public npm registry or a private npm registry, you must install Node.js and the npm command line interface using either a Node version manager or a Node installer. We strongly recommend using a Node version manager like nvm to install Node.js and npm. We do not recommend using a Node installer, since the Node installation process installs npm in a directory with local permissions and can cause permissions errors when you run npm packages globally.

Note: to download the latest version of npm, on the command line, run the following command:

Checking your version of npm and Node.js

To see if you already have Node.js and npm installed and check the installed version, run the following commands:

Using a Node version manager to install Node.js and npm

Node version managers allow you to install and switch between multiple versions of Node.js and npm on your system so you can test your applications on multiple versions of npm to ensure they work for users on different versions.

OSX or Linux Node version managers

Windows Node version managers

Using a Node installer to install Node.js and npm

If you are unable to use a Node version manager, you can use a Node installer to install both Node.js and npm on your system.

If you use Linux, we recommend that you use a NodeSource installer.

OS X or Windows Node installers

If you’re using OS X or Windows, use one of the installers from the Node.js download page. Be sure to install the version labeled LTS. Other versions have not yet been tested with npm.

Linux or other operating systems Node installers

If you’re using Linux or another operating system, use one of the following installers:

Or see this page to install npm for Linux in the way many Linux developers prefer.

Less-common operating systems

For more information on installing Node.js on a variety of operating systems, see this page.

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Installing Node.js via package manager

Note: The packages on this page are maintained and supported by their respective packagers, not the Node.js core team. Please report any issues you encounter to the package maintainer. If it turns out your issue is a bug in Node.js itself, the maintainer will report the issue upstream.

Alpine Linux

Node.js LTS and npm packages are available in the Main Repository.

Node.js Current can be installed from the Community Repository.

Android

Android support is still experimental in Node.js, so precompiled binaries are not yet provided by Node.js developers.

However, there are some third-party solutions. For example, Termux community provides terminal emulator and Linux environment for Android, as well as own package manager and extensive collection of many precompiled applications. This command in Termux app will install the last available Node.js version:

Currently, Termux Node.js binaries are linked against system-icu (depending on libicu package).

Arch Linux

Node.js and npm packages are available in the Community Repository.

CentOS, Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Node.js is available as a module called nodejs in CentOS/RHEL 8 and Fedora.

dnf module install nodejs:

where corresponds to the major version of Node.js. To see a list of available streams:

For example, to install Node.js 18:

dnf module install nodejs:18/common 

Alternatives

These resources provide packages compatible with CentOS, Fedora, and RHEL.

Debian and Ubuntu based Linux distributions

Alternatives

Packages compatible with Debian and Ubuntu based Linux distributions are available via Node.js snaps.

fnm

Fast and simple Node.js version manager built in Rust used to manage multiple released Node.js versions. It allows you to perform operations like install, uninstall, switch Node versions automatically based on the current directory, etc. To install fnm, use this install script.

fnm has cross-platform support (macOS, Windows, Linux) & all popular shells (Bash, Zsh, Fish, PowerShell, Windows Command Line Prompt). fnm is built with speed in mind and compatibility support for .node-version and .nvmrc files.

FreeBSD

The most recent release of Node.js is available via the www/node port.

Install a binary package via pkg:

Or compile it on your own using ports:

cd /usr/ports/www/node && make install 

Gentoo

Node.js is available in the portage tree.

IBM i

LTS versions of Node.js are available from IBM, and are available via the ‘yum’ package manager. The package name is nodejs followed by the major version number (for instance, nodejs12 , nodejs14 etc)

To install Node.js 14.x from the command line, run the following as a user with *ALLOBJ special authority:

Node.js can also be installed with the IBM i Access Client Solutions product. See this support document for more details

macOS

Download the macOS Installer directly from the nodejs.org web site.

If you want to download the package with bash:

curl "https://nodejs.org/dist/latest/node-$node-(.*)\.pkg.*|\1|p')>.pkg" > "$HOME/Downloads/node-latest.pkg" && sudo installer -store -pkg "$HOME/Downloads/node-latest.pkg" -target "/" 

Alternatives

port install nodejs # Example port install nodejs7 

Install the binary package:

Or build manually from pkgsrc:

cd pkgsrc/lang/nodejs && bmake install 

n

n is a simple to use Node.js version manager for Mac and Linux. Specify the target version to install using a rich syntax, or select from a menu of previously downloaded versions. The versions are installed system-wide or user-wide, and for more targeted use you can run a version directly from the cached downloads.

See the homepage for install methods (bootstrap, npm, Homebrew, third-party), and all the usage details.

If you already have npm then installing n and then the newest LTS node version is as simple as:

NetBSD

Node.js is available in the pkgsrc tree:

cd /usr/pkgsrc/lang/nodejs && make install 

Or install a binary package (if available for your platform) using pkgin:

Nodenv

nodenv is a lightweight node version manager, similar to nvm . It’s simple and predictable. A rich plugin ecosystem lets you tailor it to suit your needs. Use nodenv to pick a Node version for your application and guarantee that your development environment matches production.

Nodenv installation instructions are maintained on its Github page. Please visit that page to ensure you’re following the latest version of the installation steps.

nvm

Node Version Manager is a bash script used to manage multiple released Node.js versions. It allows you to perform operations like install, uninstall, switch version, etc. To install nvm, use this install script.

On Unix / OS X systems Node.js built from source can be installed using nvm by installing into the location that nvm expects:

env VERSION=`python tools/getnodeversion.py` make install DESTDIR=`nvm_version_path v$VERSION` PREFIX="" 

After this you can use nvm to switch between released versions and versions built from source. For example, if the version of Node.js is v8.0.0-pre:

Once the official release is out you will want to uninstall the version built from source:

nvs

Windows

The nvs version manager is cross-platform and can be used on Windows, macOS, and Unix-like systems

To install nvs on Windows go to the release page here and download the MSI installer file of the latest release.

You can also use chocolatey to install it:

macOS,UnixLike

You can find the documentation regarding the installation steps of nvs in macOS/Unix-like systems here

Usage

After this you can use nvs to switch between different versions of node.

To add the latest version of node:

Or to add the latest LTS version of node:

Then run the nvs use command to add a version of node to your PATH for the current shell:

$ nvs use lts PATH -= %LOCALAPPDATA%\nvs\default PATH += %LOCALAPPDATA%\nvs\node\14.17.0\x64 

To add it to PATH permanently, use nvs link :

OpenBSD

Node.js is available through the ports system.

openSUSE and SLE

Node.js is available in the main repositories under the following packages:

• openSUSE Leap 15.2: nodejs10 , nodejs12 , nodejs14
• openSUSE Tumbleweed: nodejs16
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 12: nodejs10 , nodejs12 , and nodejs14 (The «Web and Scripting Module» must be enabled.)
• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 15 SP2: nodejs10 , nodejs12 , and nodejs14 (The «Web and Scripting Module» must be enabled.)

For example, to install Node.js 14.x on openSUSE Leap 15.2, run the following as root:

Different major versions of Node can be installed and used concurrently.

SmartOS and illumos

SmartOS images come with pkgsrc pre-installed. On other illumos distributions, first install pkgsrc, then you may install the binary package as normal:

Or build manually from pkgsrc:

cd pkgsrc/lang/nodejs && bmake install 

Snap

Node.js snaps are available as node on the Snap store.

Solus

Solus provides Node.js in its main repository.

sudo eopkg install nodejs 

Void Linux

Void Linux ships Node.js stable in the main repository.

Windows

Download the Windows Installer directly from the nodejs.org web site.

Alternatives

winget install OpenJS.NodeJS # or for LTS winget install OpenJS.NodeJS.LTS 

After running one of the two commands above, it may be necessary to restart the terminal emulator before the node CLI command becomes available.

cinst nodejs # or for full install with npm cinst nodejs.install 

scoop install nodejs # or for LTS scoop install nodejs-lts 

z/OS

IBM® SDK for Node.js — z/OS® is available in two installation formats, SMP/E and PAX. Select the installation format that applies to you:

Copyright OpenJS Foundation and Node.js contributors. All rights reserved. The OpenJS Foundation has registered trademarks and uses trademarks. For a list of trademarks of the OpenJS Foundation, please see our Trademark Policy and Trademark List. Trademarks and logos not indicated on the list of OpenJS Foundation trademarks are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their respective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.

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install

To publish and install packages to and from the public npm registry, you must install Node.js and the npm command line interface using either a Node version manager or a Node installer. We strongly recommend using a Node version manager to install Node.js and npm. We do not recommend using a Node installer, since the Node installation process installs npm in a directory with local permissions and can cause permissions errors when you run npm packages globally.

Checking your version of npm and Node.js

To see if you already have Node.js and npm installed and check the installed version, run the following commands:

Using a Node version manager to install Node.js and npm

Node version managers allow you to install and switch between multiple versions of Node.js and npm on your system so you can test your applications on multiple versions of npm to ensure they work for users on different versions. You can search for them on GitHub.

Using a Node installer to install Node.js and npm

If you are unable to use a Node version manager, you can use a Node installer to install both Node.js and npm on your system.

OS X or Windows Node installers

If you’re using OS X or Windows, use one of the installers from the Node.js download page. Be sure to install the version labeled LTS. Other versions have not yet been tested with npm.

Linux or other operating systems Node installers

If you’re using Linux or another operating system, use one of the following installers:

Or see this page to install npm for Linux in the way many Linux developers prefer.

Less-common operating systems

For more information on installing Node.js on a variety of operating systems, see this page.

Источник