Key codes in linux

rickyzhang82 / keycode.linux

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# /usr/share/BasiliskII/keycodes
#
# Basilisk II (C) 1997-2005 Christian Bauer
#
# This file is used to translate the (server-specific) scancodes to
# Mac keycodes depending on the window server being used.
#
# The format of this file is as follows:
#
# sdl
#
#
#
# .
# sdl
#
#
# .
#
# The «driver string» must match the first part of the SDL driver vendor
# description as reported by SDL_VideoDriverName(). If a match is found,
# the keycode translation table is constructed from the following
# lines. Each line contains an SDL scancode followed by its associated
# Mac keycode. Both keycodes have to be given in decimal. Lines
# beginning with «#» or «;» are treated as comments and ignored.
#
#
# X11 server
#
sdl x11
sdl dga
9 53 # Esc
67 122 # F1
68 120 # F2
69 99 # F3
70 118 # F4
71 96 # F5
72 97 # F6
73 98 # F7
74 100 # F8
75 101 # F9
76 109 # F10
95 103 # F11
96 127 # F12
111 105 # PrintScrn
78 107 # Scroll Lock
110 113 # Pause
49 50 # `
10 18 # 1
11 19 # 2
12 20 # 3
13 21 # 4
14 23 # 5
15 22 # 6
16 26 # 7
17 28 # 8
18 25 # 9
19 29 # 0
20 27 # —
21 24 # =
22 51 # Backspace
106 114 # Insert
97 115 # Home
99 116 # Page Up
77 71 # Num Lock
112 75 # KP /
63 67 # KP *
82 78 # KP —
23 48 # Tab
24 12 # Q
25 13 # W
26 14 # E
27 15 # R
28 17 # T
29 16 # Y
30 32 # U
31 34 # I
32 31 # O
33 35 # P
34 33 # [
35 30 # ]
36 36 # Return
107 117 # Delete
103 119 # End
105 121 # Page Down
79 89 # KP 7
80 91 # KP 8
81 92 # KP 9
86 69 # KP +
66 57 # Caps Lock
38 0 # A
39 1 # S
40 2 # D
41 3 # F
42 5 # G
43 4 # H
44 38 # J
45 40 # K
46 37 # L
47 41 # ;
48 39 # ‘
83 86 # KP 4
84 87 # KP 5
85 88 # KP 6
50 56 # Shift Left
94 50 # International
52 6 # Z
53 7 # X
54 8 # C
55 9 # V
56 11 # B
57 45 # N
58 46 # M
59 43 # ,
60 47 # .
61 44 # /
62 56 # Shift Right
51 42 # \
98 62 # Cursor Up
87 83 # KP 1
88 84 # KP 2
89 85 # KP 3
108 76 # KP Enter
37 54 # Ctrl Left
115 58 # Logo Left (-> Option)
64 55 # Alt Left (-> Command)
65 49 # Space
113 55 # Alt Right (-> Command)
116 58 # Logo Right (-> Option)
117 50 # Menu (-> International)
109 54 # Ctrl Right
100 59 # Cursor Left
104 61 # Cursor Down
102 60 # Cursor Right
90 82 # KP 0
91 65 # KP .
#
# Linux Framebuffer Console
#
sdl fbcon
1 53 # Esc
59 122 # F1
60 120 # F2
61 99 # F3
62 118 # F4
63 96 # F5
64 97 # F6
65 98 # F7
66 100 # F8
67 101 # F9
68 109 # F10
87 103 # F11
88 111 # F12
99 105 # PrintScrn
70 107 # Scroll Lock
119 113 # Pause
41 50 # `
2 18 # 1
3 19 # 2
4 20 # 3
5 21 # 4
6 23 # 5
7 22 # 6
8 26 # 7
9 28 # 8
10 25 # 9
11 29 # 0
12 27 # —
13 24 # =
14 51 # Backspace
110 114 # Insert
102 115 # Home
104 116 # Page Up
69 71 # Num Lock
98 75 # KP /
55 67 # KP *
74 78 # KP —
15 48 # Tab
16 12 # Q
17 13 # W
18 14 # E
19 15 # R
20 17 # T
21 16 # Y
22 32 # U
23 34 # I
24 31 # O
25 35 # P
26 33 # [
27 30 # ]
28 36 # Return
111 117 # Delete
107 119 # End
109 121 # Page Down
71 89 # KP 7
72 91 # KP 8
73 92 # KP 9
78 69 # KP +
58 57 # Caps Lock
30 0 # A
31 1 # S
32 2 # D
33 3 # F
34 5 # G
35 4 # H
36 38 # J
37 40 # K
38 37 # L
39 41 # ;
40 39 # ‘
75 86 # KP 4
76 87 # KP 5
77 88 # KP 6
42 56 # Shift Left
86 50 # International
44 6 # Z
45 7 # X
46 8 # C
47 9 # V
48 11 # B
49 45 # N
50 46 # M
51 43 # ,
52 47 # .
53 44 # /
54 56 # Shift Right
43 42 # \
103 62 # Cursor Up
79 83 # KP 1
80 84 # KP 2
81 85 # KP 3
96 76 # KP Enter
29 54 # Ctrl Left
125 58 # Logo Left (-> Option)
56 55 # Alt Left (-> Command)
57 49 # Space
100 55 # Alt Right (-> Command)
126 58 # Logo Right (-> Option)
97 54 # Ctrl Right
105 59 # Cursor Left
108 61 # Cursor Down
106 60 # Cursor Right
82 82 # KP 0
83 65 # KP .
#
# Quartz (1:1 translation actually)
#
sdl Quartz
53 53 # Esc
122 122 # F1
120 120 # F2
99 99 # F3
118 118 # F4
96 96 # F5
97 97 # F6
98 98 # F7
100 100 # F8
101 101 # F9
109 109 # F10
103 103 # F11
111 111 # F12
105 105 # F13/PrintScrn
107 107 # F14/Scroll Lock
113 113 # F15/Pause
10 10 # `
18 18 # 1
19 19 # 2
20 20 # 3
21 21 # 4
23 23 # 5
22 22 # 6
26 26 # 7
28 28 # 8
25 25 # 9
29 29 # 0
27 27 # —
24 24 # =
51 51 # Backspace
114 114 # Help/Insert
115 115 # Home
116 116 # Page Up
71 71 # Num Lock
81 81 # KP =
75 75 # KP /
67 67 # KP *
48 48 # Tab
12 12 # Q
13 13 # W
14 14 # E
15 15 # R
17 17 # T
16 16 # Y
32 32 # U
34 34 # I
31 31 # O
35 35 # P
33 33 # [
30 30 # ]
36 36 # Return
117 117 # Delete
119 119 # End
121 121 # Page Down
89 89 # KP 7
91 91 # KP 8
92 92 # KP 9
78 78 # KP —
57 57 # Caps Lock
0 0 # A
1 1 # S
2 2 # D
3 3 # F
5 5 # G
4 4 # H
38 38 # J
40 40 # K
37 37 # L
41 41 # ;
39 39 # ‘
42 42 # \
86 86 # KP 4
87 87 # KP 5
88 88 # KP 6
69 69 # KP +
56 56 # Shift
50 50 # International
6 6 # Z
7 7 # X
8 8 # C
9 9 # V
11 11 # B
45 45 # N
46 46 # M
43 43 # ,
47 47 # .
44 44 # /
126 62 # Cursor Up
123 59 # Cursor Left
125 61 # Cursor Down
124 60 # Cursor Right
83 83 # KP 1
84 84 # KP 2
85 85 # KP 3
76 76 # KP Enter
54 54 # Ctrl
58 58 # Option
55 55 # Command
54 54 # Ctrl Left
49 49 # Space
82 82 # KP 0
65 65 # KP .
#
# Windows
#
sdl windib
sdl directx
1 53 # Esc
59 122 # F1
60 120 # F2
61 99 # F3
62 118 # F4
63 96 # F5
64 97 # F6
65 98 # F7
66 100 # F8
67 101 # F9
68 109 # F10
87 103 # F11
88 111 # F12
183 105 # PrintScrn
70 107 # Scroll Lock
197 113 # Pause
41 50 # `
2 18 # 1
3 19 # 2
4 20 # 3
5 21 # 4
6 23 # 5
7 22 # 6
8 26 # 7
9 28 # 8
10 25 # 9
11 29 # 0
12 27 # —
13 24 # =
14 51 # Backspace
210 114 # Insert
199 115 # Home
201 116 # Page Up
69 71 # Num Lock
181 75 # KP /
55 67 # KP *
74 78 # KP —
15 48 # Tab
16 12 # Q
17 13 # W
18 14 # E
19 15 # R
20 17 # T
21 16 # Y
22 32 # U
23 34 # I
24 31 # O
25 35 # P
26 33 # [
27 30 # ]
28 36 # Return
211 117 # Delete
207 119 # End
209 121 # Page Down
71 89 # KP 7
72 91 # KP 8
73 92 # KP 9
78 69 # KP +
58 57 # Caps Lock
30 0 # A
31 1 # S
32 2 # D
33 3 # F
34 5 # G
35 4 # H
36 38 # J
37 40 # K
38 37 # L
39 41 # ;
40 39 # ‘
75 86 # KP 4
76 87 # KP 5
77 88 # KP 6
42 56 # Shift Left
86 50 # International
44 6 # Z
45 7 # X
46 8 # C
47 9 # V
48 11 # B
49 45 # N
50 46 # M
51 43 # ,
52 47 # .
53 44 # /
54 56 # Shift Right
43 42 # \
200 62 # Cursor Up
79 83 # KP 1
80 84 # KP 2
81 85 # KP 3
156 76 # KP Enter
29 54 # Ctrl Left
219 58 # Logo Left (-> Option)
56 55 # Alt Left (-> Command)
57 49 # Space
184 55 # Alt Right (-> Command)
220 58 # Logo Right (-> Option)
221 50 # Menu (-> International)
157 54 # Ctrl Right
203 59 # Cursor Left
208 61 # Cursor Down
205 60 # Cursor Right
82 82 # KP 0
83 65 # KP .

Источник

Keyboard input

Prerequisite for modifying the key mapping is knowing how a key press results in a symbol:

  1. The keyboard sends a scancode to the computer.
  2. The Linux kernel maps the scancode to a keycode, see Map scancodes to keycodes.
  3. The keyboard layout maps the keycode to a symbol or keysym, depending on what modifier keys are pressed.
    • For the Linux console, see Linux console/Keyboard configuration.
    • For Xorg and Wayland, see Xorg/Keyboard configuration.

Most of your keys should already have a keycode, or at least a scancode. Keys without a scancode are not recognized by the kernel; these can include additional keys from «gaming» keyboards, etc.

In Xorg, some keysyms (e.g. XF86AudioPlay , XF86AudioRaiseVolume etc.) can be mapped to actions (i.e. launching an external application). See Keyboard shortcuts#Xorg for details.

In Linux console, some keysyms (e.g. F1 to F246 ) can be mapped to certain actions (e.g. switch to other console or print some sequence of characters). See Console keyboard configuration#Creating a custom keymap for details.

Identifying scancodes

Using showkey

The traditional way to get a scancode is to use the showkey(1) utility. showkey waits for a key to be pressed, or exits if no keys are pressed within 10 seconds. For showkey to work you need to be in a virtual console, not in a graphical environment or logged in via a network connection. Run the following command:

and try to push keyboard keys; you should see scancodes being printed to the output.

Using evtest

For USB keyboards, it is apparently necessary to use evtest(1) from the evtest package instead of showkey [1]:

. Event: time 1434666536.001123, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 70053 Event: time 1434666536.001123, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 69 (KEY_NUMLOCK), value 0 Event: time 1434666536.001123, -------------- EV_SYN ------------

Tip: If you do not know which event number has device of your interest, you can run evtest without parameters and it will show you list of devices with their event numbers, then you can enter needed number.

Use the «value» field of MSC_SCAN . This example shows that NumLock has scancode 70053 and keycode 69.

Using dmesg

You can get the scancode of a key by pressing the desired key and looking at the output of dmesg. For example, if you get:

Unknown key pressed (translated set 2, code 0xa0 on isa0060/serio0

then the scancode you need is 0xa0 .

Identifying keycodes

The Linux keycodes are defined in /usr/include/linux/input-event-codes.h (see the KEY_ variables).

Identifying keycodes in console

The keycodes for virtual console are reported by the showkey(1) utility. showkey waits for a key to be pressed and if none are, in a span of 10 seconds, it quits. To execute showkey, you need to be in a virtual console, not in a graphical environment. Run the following command:

and try to push keyboard keys; you should see keycodes being printed to the output.

Identifying keycodes in Xorg

This article or section needs expansion.

Reason: xev also reports keysyms. Mention that you need to focus the «Event Tester» window. (Discuss in Talk:Keyboard input)

The keycodes used by Xorg are reported by a utility called xev(1) , which is provided by the xorg-xev package. Of course to execute xev, you need to be in a graphical environment, not in the console.

With the following command you can start xev and show only the relevant parts:

$ xev | awk -F'[ )]+' '/^KeyPress/ < a[NR+2] >NR in a < printf "%-3s %s\n", $5, $8 >'

Here is an example output:

38 a 55 v 54 c 50 Shift_L 133 Super_L 135 Menu

Xbindkeys is another wrapper to xev that reports keycodes.

If you press a key and nothing appears in the terminal, it means that either the key does not have a scancode, the scancode is not mapped to a keycode, or some other process is capturing the keypress. If you suspect that a process listening to X server is capturing the keypress, you can try running xev from a clean X session:

Configuration of VIA compatible keyboards

VIA is a program to remap keys directly into compatible keyboards. In case you have one of those, in order for the keyboard to be picked up by the browser and configure it online, you need to add a custom udev rule changing the permissions of devices accessed through the hidraw driver.

Write this text to /etc/udev/rules.d/99-viia.rules in a text editor:

KERNEL=="hidraw*", SUBSYSTEM=="hidraw", MODE="0666", TAG+="uaccess", TAG+="udev-acl"

In order for this to take effect you need to reload udev with:

See also

  • kbd-project — official website of the showkeys utility
  • wev — wayland event viewer similar to xorg’s xev
  • interception-tools — a set of utilities to control and customize the behavior of keyboard input mappings
  • kmonad — an advanced key rebinding and remapping daemon
  • Hawck — another key rebinding daemon
  • keyd — simplistic key rebinding daemon
  • Vial — VIA standalone program

Источник

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