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Configure a Linux VPN client using the command line.

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README.md

Configure a Linux VPN client using the command line.

Install the following packages:

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get -y install strongswan xl2tpd 

yum -y install epel-release yum --enablerepo=epel -y install strongswan xl2tpd 

yum -y install strongswan xl2tpd 

Replace the file content with the following (replace n.n.n.n with your VPN Server Address):

config setup conn %default ikelifetime=60m keylife=20m rekeymargin=3m keyingtries=1 keyexchange=ikev1 authby=secret ike=aes128-sha1-modp1024,3des-sha1-modp1024! esp=aes128-sha1-modp1024,3des-sha1-modp1024! conn L2TP-PSK keyexchange=ikev1 left=%defaultroute auto=add authby=secret type=transport leftprotoport=17/1701 rightprotoport=17/1701 # set this to the ip address of your vpn server right=n.n.n.n 

sudo nano /etc/ipsec.secrets 

Replace the file content with the following (replace your_pre_shared_key with your PSK value):

Additionaly, run the following only if you are using CentOS/RHEL or Fedora:

mv /etc/strongswan/ipsec.conf /etc/strongswan/ipsec.conf.old 2>/dev/null mv /etc/strongswan/ipsec.secrets /etc/strongswan/ipsec.secrets.old 2>/dev/null ln -s /etc/ipsec.conf /etc/strongswan/ipsec.conf ln -s /etc/ipsec.secrets /etc/strongswan/ipsec.secrets 

sudo nano /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf 

Append the following to the file (replace n.n.n.n with your VPN Server Address):

[lac myVPN] ; set this to the ip address of your vpn server lns = n.n.n.n ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.l2tpd.client length bit = yes 

sudo nano /etc/ppp/options.l2tpd.client 

Replace the file content with the following (replace your_user_name and your_password with your VPN credentials):

ipcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote refuse-eap require-mschap-v2 noccp noauth logfile /var/log/xl2tpd.log idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 defaultroute usepeerdns debug connect-delay 5000 name your_user_name password your_password 

Run the following command each time you want to start the ipsec and l2tp connection:

sudo mkdir -p /var/run/xl2tpd sudo touch /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control sudo service strongswan restart sudo service xl2tpd restart sudo service ipsec restart sleep 8 sudo ipsec up L2TP-PSK sleep 8 sudo bash -c 'echo "c myVPN" > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control' sleep 8 ifconfig 

sudo mkdir -p /var/run/xl2tpd sudo touch /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control sudo service strongswan restart sudo service xl2tpd restart sleep 8 sudo strongswan up L2TP-PSK sleep 8 sudo bash -c 'echo "c myVPN" > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control' sleep 8 ifconfig 

Check the output. You should now see a new interface ppp0. Interface ppp0 is needed to continue to the next step.

Routing traffic to an IP address in your internal network. Replace x.x.x.x with the addres you wish to communicate with through the tunnel device:

sudo ip route add x.x.x.x via $(ip address show dev ppp0 | grep -Po '(?\.)2\b)') dev ppp0 

Error: Unable to resolve host on EC2 instances

If you did run the route command on an EC2 instance and got the error «unable to resolve host : Resource temporarily unavailable» , do the following and then rerun the commands from the Connect and Router sections.

Copy the hostname, from the error message, which will contain the private IP address in the form ip-x-x-x-x . For instance ip-172-31-26-197

Add a new entry within the hosts file to include the hostname:

The VPN connection is now complete. Verify that your traffic is being routed properly. Repalce x.x.x.x with the addres you wish to communicate with through the tunnel device:

To disconnect run the following:

sudo bash -c 'echo "d myVPN" > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control' ipsec down L2TP-PSK 

sudo bash -c 'echo "d myVPN" > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control' sudo strongswan down L2TP-PSK 

dmesg | less /var/log/xl2tpd.log 

Источник

1denwin’s blog

L2TP — туннельный протокол, использующийся для поддержки виртуальных частных сетей. Главное достоинство L2TP состоит в том, что этот протокол позволяет создавать туннель не только в сетях IP, но и в таких, как ATM, X.25 и Frame Relay. Но компания Canonical почему-то решила не добавлять данный протокол в настройки VPN, поэтому в Ubuntu и Linux Mint по умолчанию с этим проблема, ну тогда добавляем L2TP/IPSec самостоятельно.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nm-l2tp/network-manager-l2tp sudo apt update sudo apt install network-manager-l2tp network-manager-l2tp-gnome

Как только дополнительные компоненты будут уставлены, следует перезагрузить компьютер, после чего у настройках VPN появится подключение L2TP.

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How to Setup an L2TP/IPsec VPN Client on Linux

L2TP (which stands for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) is a tunneling protocol designed to support virtual private networks (VPN connections) over the internet. It is implemented in most if not all modern operating systems including Linux and VPN-capable devices.

The L2TP does not provide any authentication or encryption mechanisms directly to traffic that passes through it, it is usually implemented with the IPsec authentication suite (L2TP/IPsec) to provide encryption within the L2TP tunnel.

In this article, we will show how to set up an L2TP/IPSec VPN connection in Ubuntu and its derivatives and Fedora Linux.

This guide assumes that the L2TP/IPsec VPN server has been set up and that you have received the following VPN connection details from your organization’s or company’s system administrator.

Gateway IP address or hostname Username and Password Pre-shared Key (Secret)

How to Setup L2TP VPN Connection in Linux

To add an L2TP/IPsec option to the NetworkManager, you need to install the NetworkManager-l2tp VPN plugin which supports NetworkManager 1.8 and later. It provides support for L2TP and L2TP/IPsec.

To install the L2TP module on Ubuntu and Ubuntu-based Linux distributions, use the following PPA.

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nm-l2tp/network-manager-l2tp $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install network-manager-l2tp network-manager-l2tp-gnome

On RHEL/CentOS and Fedora Linux, use the following dnf command to install L2TP module.

# dnf install xl2tpd # dnf install NetworkManager-l2tp # dnf install NetworkManager-l2tp-gnome OR # yum install xl2tpd # yum install NetworkManager-l2tp # yum install NetworkManager-l2tp-gnome

Once the package installation is complete, click on your Network Manager icon, then go to Network Settings.

Next, add a new VPN connection by clicking on the (+) sign.

Then select Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) option from the pop-up window.

Next, enter the VPN connection details (gateway IP address or hostname, username and password) you received from the system administrator, in the following window.

Next, click IPsec Settings to enter the pre-shared key for the connection. Then enable IPsec tunnel to L2TP host, enter (or copy and paste the) the Pre-shared key and click Ok.

After that, click Add. Now your new VPN connection should be added.

Next, turn on the VPN connection to start using it. If the connection details are correct, the connection should be established successfully.

Last but not least, test if the VPN is working fine. You can check your computer’s public IP address to confirm this from a web browser: it should now point to the IP of the gateway.

That’s the end of this article. If you have any queries or thoughts to share, reach us via the feedback form below.

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