Linux find executable location

Как узнать путь до исполняемого файла в Linux?

Как в Linux узнать путь до исполняемого файла? В виндовс, например, на ярлыке или в bin/app.exe можно через свойство посмотреть Интересуюсь с целью создавать *.desktop ярлыки для заполнениями ими рабочего стола 🗔, так как способ «добавить в избранное» мне не подходит и получается рабочий стол пустой 😔

Для создания *.desktop нет необходимости указывать полный путь. Посмотрите примеры в /usr/share/applications

3 ответа 3

Я по факту могу найти приложение в диспетчере приложений, можно ли как-то оттуда взять этот путь? Или лучше и правильнее поискать путь к .exe в папках типа как в Windows —> C/Program FIles/app_folder/bin/app.exe ?

Внизу слева есть кнопка «Показать приложения», я про это имел в виду, оттуда бы как-то брать пути, там же ярлыки и их на рабочий стол хочу закидывать : )

Если вы знаете имя исполняемого файла, который выполняется в текущий момент, то полный путь к исполняемому можно узнать вот так:

pgrep | while read pid; do echo -ne "$pid\t"; readlink -f /proc/$pid/exe; done 

Например, вывод для исполняемого процесса gopls (сервер go для VS Code):

pgrep gopls | while read pid; do echo -ne "$pid\t"; readlink -f /proc/$pid/exe; done 30880 /mnt/drive2/home2/user/go/bin/gopls 

Набрав в командной строке

whereis locates the binary, source and manual files for the specified command names. The supplied names are first stripped of leading pathname components and any (single) trailing extension of the form .ext (for example: .c) Prefixes of s. resulting from use of source code control are also dealt with. whereis then attempts to locate the desired program in the standard Linux places, and in the places specified by $PATH and $MANPATH.

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Use “which” in Linux to find the Location of an Exetable

Linux comes with the which command to locate a given executable. Executables are commands you type into your terminal, like git , node , touch , or vim .

Sometimes, you want to find the location of an executable on your filesystem. That’s where the which command comes handy. Read on to find out how to use which !

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7. Use “which” in Linux to find the Location of an Exetable
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Locate an Executable in Linux With which

Using which parses the PATH environment variable to find all locations to search for a program.

How to use the which command

The which command has the following syntax:

For example, you may locate the git program like this:

You can also locate more than one program in a single call by adding all programs separated by a space:

$ which git node vim /usr/bin/git /usr/local/bin/node /usr/bin/vim 

Using Options

The which command supports two options:

-a List all instances of executables found (instead of just the first one of each). -s No output, just return 0 if all of the executables are found, or 1 if some were not found. 

If a command is present in multiple locations, you can find all occurrences using the -a option.

Using -s changes the output of which when programs are not found. Let’s say you don’t have MongoDB installed. Trying to locate the mongod executable results in different outputs depending on whether you append the -s option:

$ which mongod # no output at all # and with the “-s” option $ which mongod mongod not found 

The -s option allows you to retrieve expressive results. This is helpful when you as a human runs the command. In shell scripts, you may want to check for empty outputs to determine whether an executable is missing.

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Find out where Unix/Linux executable binary is located

There are two commands that may help you to find where executable binary is located regardless it’s Unix or Linux system. They are whereis and type. First locates source/binary and manuals sections for specified files and second tells what exactly shell executes when you type a certain command.

The next picture shows examples of these commands work.

My name is Stefan, I’m the admin of LinuxScrew. I am a full-time Linux/Unix sysadmin, a hobby Python programmer, and a part-time blogger. I post useful guides, tips, and tutorials on common Linux and Programming issues. Feel free to reach out in the comment section.

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How to find application’s path from command line?

For example, I have git installed on my system. But I don’t remember where I installed it, so which command is fit to find this out?

Just in case, command -v and which worked in Linux Alpine 3.16.2 (Docker image). whereis and locate did not — not installed.

5 Answers 5

If it is in your path, then you can run either type git or which git . The which command has had problems getting the proper path (confusion between environment and dot files). For type , you can get just the path with the -p argument.

If it is not in your path, then it’s best to look for it with locate -b git It will find anything named ‘git’. It’ll be a long list, so might be good to qualify it with locate -b git | fgrep -w bin .

I use locate endlessly (it is very fast), but for those unaware of it, locate is only as up to date as its most recent database update, which is automatically run daily on my Ubuntu. The refresh command is sudo updatedb . Also locate has built-in regex capability, so commands like this works: locate -br «^git$» . -b` means restrict the search to just the basename . or without the -b , it searches the full pathname .. Also, it only searches paths you have configured it to search.. there is no command-line control of this other than your regex filters.

@Gilles, that’s funny for me the behavior is exactly the opposite: type is a shell builtin that tells me aliases and such, and which is an external program that shows me the path to an executable. although if there’s a builtin that gets in the way that executable won’t get called.

@quodlibetor The problems with which are that it doesn’t know about shell built-ins and functions (which is relevant when you’re wondering what typing the command will do), and it uses a different $PATH on some systems.

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