How do I view all available HDD’s/partitions?
I found a 6 GB IDE HDD in my basement. I want to plug it in and see what might be on it. The drive seems to be recognized in BIOS. I can’t find it in Ubuntu to view files, and Ubuntu is the only OS on that particular computer. I was wondering if Ubuntu has an equivalent to the Windows feature «My Computer», which lists all available drives/storage devices. Typically, My Computer shows C:, which can be opened to view all of your directories and files. At this point, it is very similar to Ubuntu’s Home Folder. How to view/select all available partitions of that drive or all available HDD’s without formatting or tampering with the contents in any way?
Use Gparted, but with care! This can be a dangerous tool. If you just look at the partitions it’s fine
df -h —human-readable is a nice, short way of doing it. (Point out any errors that I may have) Thanks! Best wishes to the future //Will
11 Answers 11
There are many ways but my favorite is lsblk . Here is a demonstration:
sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL That would show the following:
NAME FSTYPE SIZE MOUNTPOINT LABEL sda 111.8G ├─sda1 swap 121M [SWAP] └─sda2 ext4 111.7G / sdb 2.7T └─sdb1 ext4 2.7T xtreme sdc 3.7T └─sdc1 ext4 3.7T titan - The name of the drive and the partitions it has.
- The type of file system.
- The size the whole drive has and the size each partition has.
- The mount point and if available, the label for them.
You can play around with the options by first looking at the ones available with lsblk —help . I like lsblk because of the friendly way of showing the information if compared for example with fdisk or parted .
- to check which drives your system can see:
If your drive is in the list, you’ll be able to see what partitions are on the drive, like this:
Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes . Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 208844 104391 83 Linux /dev/sda2 208845 2313359 1052257+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 2313360 312576704 155131672+ 83 Linux Then create a directory somewhere and mount one of the partitions. For example, to mount a FAT32 partition located at dev/sda3 read-only into directory /media/my_test_mount you can do
sudo mount -t cifs -o ro /dev/sda3 /media/my_test_mount This approach gives you more control, as you can use different mount options, for example mount the partition read-only.
See man mount for details.
I second Luis in that lsblk(8) is probably the most straightforward and concise solution. It’s very easy to visualize what is there and gives you all of the information needed quickly:
sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL For your convenience, here is a list of all available columns that can be used.
Available columns: NAME device name KNAME internal kernel device name MAJ:MIN major:minor device number FSTYPE filesystem type MOUNTPOINT where the device is mounted LABEL filesystem LABEL UUID filesystem UUID RO read-only device RM removable device MODEL device identifier SIZE size of the device STATE state of the device OWNER user name GROUP group name MODE device node permissions ALIGNMENT alignment offset MIN-IO minimum I/O size OPT-IO optimal I/O size PHY-SEC physical sector size LOG-SEC logical sector size ROTA rotational device SCHED I/O scheduler name RQ-SIZE request queue size TYPE device type DISC-ALN discard alignment offset DISC-GRAN discard granularity DISC-MAX discard max bytes DISC-ZERO discard zeroes data To list the hard drives/disks, I use
Model: ATA Samsung SSD 850 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 250GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 256MB 255MB primary ext2 boot 2 257MB 120GB 120GB extended 5 257MB 120GB 120GB logical lvm Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1: 8573MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 8573MB 8573MB linux-swap(v1) Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root: 111GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 111GB 111GB ext4 And then to list the partitions as other people have already suggested you can use:
Which will tell you the file system partition types
parted gives me the hardware information and lsblk gives me the partition information. Looks like what I needed. Too bad there’s no single command to document everything to support disaster recovery. Thank you!
Use the following command lines, that together will give you a good overview of the partitions (location, sizes, free space and mount points),
df -h sudo parted -ls sudo lsblk -f sudo lsblk -m If your terminal window is wide enough (for example 130 characters), you can combine the lsblk commands to
Nautilus (where you view your home folder) will show all mounted drives on the system. If the drive is recognized by the computer you can mount it and begin to use it.
Directions and information about mounting drives can be found here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Mount
The solution below is very easy, clear, a GUI approach and it shows you exactly what you have laid out on your HDD:
- Go to: «System tools» in your main launch list
- Launch «GParted»
- Enter your password (should be your log on password if you are the admin.) You will be shown your HDD layouts, partitions sizes and amounts used.
- Quit the GParted application
CAUTION: Do not change ANYTHING unless you know what you are doing!
(building on previous advise in regards to lsblk ).
For the lazy typist (and if you don’t need the sizes) you can use:
which is same as using -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT
NAME FSTYPE LABEL MOUNTPOINT sda └─sda1 ntfs TOSHIBA sdb └─sdb1 LVM2_member └─root-root (dm-0) ext4 / I have created some regex to help those who want to read this data into some application.
To do that, The lsblk command it is more usefully when you use the «-P» command. Here a example:
$ lsblk -P -o KNAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL,MODEL KNAME="sda" FSTYPE="" SIZE="80G" MOUNTPOINT="" LABEL="" MODEL="VBOX HARDDISK " KNAME="sda1" FSTYPE="" SIZE="243M" MOUNTPOINT="/boot" LABEL="" MODEL="" KNAME="sda2" FSTYPE="" SIZE="1K" MOUNTPOINT="" LABEL="" MODEL="" KNAME="sda5" FSTYPE="" SIZE="79.8G" MOUNTPOINT="" LABEL="" MODEL="" KNAME="dm-0" FSTYPE="" SIZE="79G" MOUNTPOINT="/" LABEL="" MODEL="" KNAME="dm-1" FSTYPE="" SIZE="768M" MOUNTPOINT="[SWAP]" LABEL="" MODEL="" KNAME="sr0" FSTYPE="" SIZE="1024M" MOUNTPOINT="" LABEL="" MODEL="CD-ROM " KNAME="sr1" FSTYPE="" SIZE="1024M" MOUNTPOINT="" LABEL="" MODEL="CD-ROM " You can read this output usign some regex like
/KNAME=\"(.*)\" FSTYPE=\"(.*)\" SIZE=\"(.*)\" MOUNTPOINT=\"(.)*\" LABEL=\"(.*)\" MODEL=\"(.*)\"/g If you don’t need the size of the partition, you can use the mount -l to
$ mount -l /dev/mapper/precise32-root on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext2 (rw) rpc_pipefs on /run/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) /vagrant on /vagrant type vboxsf (uid=1000,gid=1000,rw) And read it using some Regex like that
If you are doing that in node, you can convert the string into a array of occurrences using some code like
How to list disks, partitions and filesystems in Linux? [duplicate]
In Windows, if you type LIST DISK using DiskPart in a command prompt it lists all physical storage devices, plus their size, format, etc. What is the equivalent of this in Linux?
3 Answers 3
There are many tools for that, for example fdisk -l or parted -l , but probably the most handy is lsblk (aka list block devices):
Example
$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 238.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part /boot └─sda3 8:3 0 237.8G 0 part ├─fedora-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─fedora-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─fedora-home 253:2 0 185.9G 0 lvm It has many additional options, for example to show filesystems, labels, etc. As always man lsblk is your friend.
@Dor it is worth explaining what additional options do, if you are recommending their use. -f or —fs shows the information about filesystems, such as format, crypto, raid member, etc. It is somewhat slower than the default though.
You’ll like this : you can do sudo lsblk —scsi and this shows the disk types including name(sda,sdb. ), scsi addr, type,vendor, model, rev, .. it’s easy to find which is which when you want to physically locate the disk.
Another way to quickly see the filesystems is the command df. On my machine (Finnish localization) it shows like this:
ptakala@athlon:/mnt$ df Tiedostojärjestelmä 1K-lohkot Käyt Vapaana Käy% Liitospiste /dev/root 38317204 19601752 16762352 54% / devtmpfs 4063816 0 4063816 0% /dev tmpfs 4097592 81988 4015604 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 4097592 10120 4087472 1% /run tmpfs 5120 8 5112 1% /run/lock tmpfs 4097592 0 4097592 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda9 535267140 287403688 220666804 57% /work /dev/sda7 288239836 201635356 71956016 74% /home tmpfs 819520 4 819516 1% /run/user/113 tmpfs 819520 8 819512 1% /run/user/1000 /dev/sda1 39070048 37083304 1986744 95% /mnt/sda1 /dev/sda10 22662140 14032580 8629560 62% /mnt/sda10 /dev/sda5 29280176 20578032 8702144 71% /mnt/sda5 It won’t show the file system type, but usually that is non-essential, and you see by one eyedrop everything needed.
ptakala@athlon:/mnt$ df -h Tiedostojärjestelmä Koko Käyt Vapaa Käy% Liitospiste /dev/root 37G 19G 16G 54% / devtmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev tmpfs 4,0G 89M 3,9G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 4,0G 9,9M 3,9G 1% /run tmpfs 5,0M 8,0K 5,0M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 4,0G 0 4,0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda9 511G 275G 211G 57% /work /dev/sda7 275G 193G 69G 74% /home tmpfs 801M 4,0K 801M 1% /run/user/113 tmpfs 801M 8,0K 801M 1% /run/user/1000 /dev/sda1 38G 36G 1,9G 95% /mnt/sda1 /dev/sda10 22G 14G 8,3G 62% /mnt/sda10 /dev/sda5 28G 20G 8,3G 71% /mnt/sda5