Linux list user with group

Show all users and their groups/vice versa

I know I have existing groups and users but I’m not sure about their association. Is there an shell command I can use to list all users or all groups and a command to list all groups/users for a specified user/group? So something like showusers would list all users, and showgroups -u thisuser would show all the groups that have thisuser in it.

8 Answers 8

All groups with a specific user:

$ getent group | grep username 

I found that there is a user named speech-dispatcher that belongs to group audio (based on groups speech-dispatcher ). But it is not listed under getent group command! What is the problem?

+1 since this will also list users/groups not found in the conventional /etc/passwd & /etc/group files i.e. when a system is configured to use central directories such NIS and LDAP, or any other alternative user/group database, as long as that supports user/group enumeration.

List users and their groups:

for user in $(awk -F: '' /etc/passwd); do groups $user; done 

List groups and their users:

cat /etc/group | awk -F: '' | while read group gid members; do members=$members,$(awk -F: "\$4 == $gid " /etc/passwd); echo "$group: $members" | sed 's/,,*/ /g'; done 

While that would probably work, it seems a bit overly complicated, doesn’t it, when there are perfectly good simple one-shot commands to do this?

It certainly wouldn’t get anything that lives in a centralized repository. And that’s definitely information that you’d want to see.

If you dont care about remote users such as LDAP or NIS, to list users and their associated groups in a simple way:

cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd | xargs groups 

root : root myuser : root www-data fuse anotheruser : anotheruser cdrom floppy audio dip video plugdev scanner bluetooth netdev 

This has the same problem as Chang’s answer in that it ignores users/groups originating in databases such as LDAP, NIS, etc.

This very neatly outputs the information in an incredibly clear format though, so can still be a useful first step. It helped jog my memory regarding the syntax of /etc/group and /etc/passwd!

List all users

While cat /etc/passwd shows all users (and a bunch of other stuff), cut -d ‘:’ -f 1 is a simple way to split each line with ‘:’ as a delimiter and extract just the first field (users). Pretty much the same as awk version.

List all groups

Guess what, very simmilar to listing users. Just parse /etc/group instead.

Another interesting way, maybe closer to what OP wanted, is compgen. Not sure about compatibility issues though.

Hi Elliot Baily, welcome to Server Fault! Please note that this question is over 5 years old, and already has a correct and accepted answer. Also note that your solution only works if users are stored in /etc/passwd; the accepted answer also works for other user databases (such as NIS or LDAP). If you want to answer old questions (which is perfectly fine!) you might want to have a look at the list of unanswered questions — plenty of questions looking for some love!

for user in $(getent passwd |awk -F: ''); do groups $user; done 

cat /etc/passwd # show all users cat /etc/group # show all groups cat /etc/passwd | grep group # show all users with specified group 

In contrast with the already accepted this does not list users/groups that originate from a remote user database such as LDAP, NIS etc.

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How to find out what group a given user has?

This appears to be pretty useful as well. It has more verbose output than the ‘groups’ command, so if you need the group id/user id use this!

On Linux/OS X/Unix to display the groups to which you (or the optionally specified user) belong, use:

which is equivalent to groups [user] utility which has been obsoleted on Unix.

On OS X/Unix, the command id -p [user] is suggested for normal interactive.

Explanation on the parameters:

-G , —groups — print all group IDs

-n , —name — print a name instead of a number, for -ugG

-p — Make the output human-readable.

or just study /etc/groups (ok this does probably not work if it uses pam with ldap)

Below is the script which is integrated into ansible and generating dashboard in CSV format.

sh collection.sh #!/bin/bash HOSTNAME=`hostname -s` for i in `cat /etc/passwd| grep -vE "nologin|shutd|hal|sync|root|false"|awk -F':' '' | sed 's/[[:space:]]/,/g'`; do groups $i; done|sed s/\:/\,/g|tr -d ' '|sed -e "s/^/$HOSTNAME,/"> /tmp/"$HOSTNAME"_inventory.txt sudo cat /etc/sudoers| grep -v "^#"|awk ''|grep -v Defaults|sed '/^$/d;s/[[:blank:]]//g'>/tmp/"$HOSTNAME"_sudo.txt paste -d , /tmp/"$HOSTNAME"_inventory.txt /tmp/"$HOSTNAME"_sudo.txt|sed 's/,[[:blank:]]*$//g' >/tmp/"$HOSTNAME"_inventory_users.txt 

My output stored in below text files.

cat /tmp/ANSIBLENODE_sudo.txt cat /tmp/ANSIBLENODE_inventory.txt cat /tmp/ANSIBLENODE_inventory_users.txt 

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How to List All Users of a Group in Linux

Wondering which users are members of a specific group? This tutorial shows you three simple ways to list all the users of a group in Linux command line.

I have already shown you to list all the users in Linux command line. This quick tip is related and yet different from that.

I presume that you are a bit familiar with the concept of groups and users in Linux. There are several groups and a variety of users in a Linux system. A group can have multiple members while a user can be a member of several groups.

You can check which groups a particular user belongs to and you can also find all the users of a group.

List all users of a group in Linux

In this quick tutorial, I’ll show you different ways to list users in a group in Linux command line.

1. List members of a group in Linux using /etc/group file

The group information is contained in the file /etc/group. You can view the content of this file and look for the information about the members.

Normally, this file has entry in the following format:

Here’s the explanation of the fields:

• adm is the group name
• x represents password field (you won’t see password in clear text of course)
• 4 is the Group ID aka GID
• syslog and abhishek are the users belonging to the group adm

If you find manual searching for a group in the file difficult, you can use a combination of the grep command and the cut command.

grep '^group_name:.*$' /etc/group | cut -d: -f4

The above command looks for all the lines starting with the specified group name and then the cut command extract the fourth column separated with : delimiter. The result is just the name of the group members.

grep '^adm:.*$' /etc/group | cut -d: -f4 syslog,abhishek

2. List group members in Linux with getent command

getent is a multipurpose command that is used to query from database files in the /etc directory. So you can use it to query the /etc/group file and get the users of the specified group in the following manner:

This will display the line matching the group name and in here you can see the members of the group:

getent group sudo sudo:x:27:abhishek

3. List users in a group using ‘members’ command

There is a tiny command line tool that simplifies the process of listing all the members of a specific group.

The members command is usually not installed in all the systems so you have to install it on your own.

On Debian/Ubuntu based systems, you can install it using the following command:

If the command is not found in Ubuntu, you should enable the universe repository and try it again.

Once you have the command installed, you can run it like this:

For example, if you want to check which users have sudo access, you can use the members command like this:

And the output will list all the users of the sudo group.

See, it was absolutely simple to get the users belonging to a group. You learned three ways to do it.

Which method did you like the most? Or, do you use some other way to list group members in Linux? Why not share it with us here?

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How to List User Groups on Ubuntu Linux with examples

This brief tutorial shows students and new users how to list groups on Ubuntu 18.04 | 16.04 Linux systems.

If you’re a student or new user looking for a Linux system to start learning on, the most accessible place to start is on Ubuntu Linux OS. It’s a great Linux operating system for beginners.

Ubuntu is an open-source Linux operating system that runs on desktops, laptops, servers, and other devices.

Ubuntu and Windows systems allow you to be productive, easy to use, and reliable and enable you to install and run thousands of programs from gaming to productivity suite software for individuals and businesses.

This post shows you how to perform the primary task of listing groups on Ubuntu Linux.

Linux Groups:

There are two types of groups users can be assigned to. One is a primary, and the other is a second group that grants privileges to users to access specific resources.

Below is how a typical Linux user account is added and assigned group memberships:

User — A user with an account must belong to one primary group. The user’s primary group is typically named after the user account name.
Primary Group — The primary group is created simultaneously when the user account is created, and the user is automatically added to it. The file created by the user automatically belongs to the user group.
Secondary Group — This group is not required and is only there to give users access to other resources they don’t already have access to. Users can belong to one or as many secondary groups are possible.

The primary user’s group is stored in the /etc/passwd file, and the supplementary groups, if any, are listed in the /etc/group file.

List User Groups using the group’s command

Now that you know the types of groups for users, you can use the groups command to find the groups a user belongs to. Running the groups command without arguments will list all the groups the user belongs to.

Should output all the groups the account richard belongs to. The primary group is the first group with the same name as the user account name.

Ouput: richard adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare

To list all the groups a user belongs, add the username to the group’s command

This should output the same as above

Output richard : richard adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare

List User Groups using the id command

One can also use the id command to list group information about the specified user. It prints user and group information for the specified USER,

The command will show the username (uid), the user’s primary group (gid), and the user’s secondary groups (groups)

Should output the line below:

Output: uid=1000(richard) gid=1000(richard) groups=1000(richard),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),116(lpadmin),126(sambashare)

List Group Membership using the getent command

If you want to know a particular group’s members, use the getent command. This command gets entries from the administrative database.

To get a membership of the cdrom group, run the command below

This should output all the users who have access to the cdrom group.

Listing All Groups

To list the entire groups on Ubuntu, run the command below

That should output all the groups on each line

root:x:0: daemon:x:1: bin:x:2: sys:x:3: adm:x:4:syslog,richard tty:x:5: disk:x:6: lp:x:7: mail:x:8: news:x:9: uucp:x:10: man:x:12: proxy:x:13: kmem:x:15: dialout:x:20: fax:x:21: voice:x:22: cdrom:x:24:richard floppy:x:25: tape:x:26: sudo:x:27:richard audio:x:29:pulse dip:x:30:richard .

Congratulations! You have learned how to list groups on Ubuntu Linux.

Richard W

I love computers; maybe way too much. What I learned I try to share at geekrewind.com.

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