Linux mint xfce gnome

Как установить GNOME на Linux Mint 20

Установка дополнительной среды рабочего стола позволяет получить больше пользовательского опыта без установки другого дистрибутива Linux.

Gnome — это среда рабочего стола по умолчанию для многих дистрибутивов Linux. Gnome основан на GTK+ и обновляется каждые 6 месяцев.

Linux Mint по умолчанию имеет среду рабочего стола Cinnamon, MATE или Xfce. Cinnamon и Mate — это тоже что и GNOME с кодовой базой GNOME 3 и GNOME 2 соответственно.

В этой статье я расскажу, как установить рабочий стол GNOME 3 (gnome-shell) в вашем Linux Mint 20.

Что мы имеем:

1) Установите GNOME на Linux MINT с помощью команды apt

Во-первых, вам нужно обновить все пакеты в системе Linux Mint. Для этого откройте терминал и выполните следующую команду:

Теперь установите все пакеты, которые имеют новые версии:

Для установки среды Gnome необходимо установить gnome-session и gdm3. Используйте команду apt для их установки.

$ sudo apt install gnome-session gdm3-y

Когда появится окно информации просто примите его. Нажмите кнопку ОК.

Далее появится новая подсказка. Выберите либо gdm3, либо lightdm.

Gdm3 — это GNOME display manager, который обеспечивает графический вход в систему и обрабатывает аутентификацию пользователя. Он использует минимальную версию gnome-shell, благодаря которой вы установите сеанс GNOME3.

lightdm — это кросс-настольный дисплейный менеджер, который очень легкий. А так же поддерживает различные технологии отображения.

Установка всех зависимостей и пакетов может занять некоторое время. Когда все закончится, перезагрузите систему.

Когда появится экран входа в систему, выберите Gnome и введите свой пароль.

Ваш рабочий стол должен быть изменен, как показано на рисунке ниже.

Чтобы проверить версию Gnome требуется:

Из репозитория была установлена версия Gnome 3.36.8.

Чтобы проверить версию с терминала, введите:

2. Установите Gnome Desktop с помощью tasksel

Альтернативный способ установки Gnome — это использование tasksel. Если tasksel не установлен в вашей системе, сначала установите его с помощью:

Теперь, чтобы установить Ubuntu desktop (gnome 3), введите команду:

$ sudo tasksel install ubuntu-desktop

Удалить среду GNOME с Linux Mint

Если вы хотите удалить GNOME из Mint 20, тогда сделайте следующее.

1. Войдите в другую среду рабочего стола. Если не изменить среду рабочего стола, то удалить GNOME не получится.
2. Для удаления GNOME выполните следующую команду.

$ sudo apt purge gnome-сессия gdm3-y

$ sudo apt autoremove-y

Заключение

Многие дистрибутивы Linux, такие как Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, POP OS, по умолчанию используют GNOME. Вы можете легко установить Gnome, если он не поставляется вместе с дистрибутивом.

В этой статье вы узнали, как установить Gnome на Mint Linux 20.

Пожалуйста, если вы найдете ошибки или неточности в тексте, сообщите пожалуйста мне. Используя форму комментария ниже.

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Linux Mint 21.1 «Vera»

Linux Mint is available in different flavors. Choose an edition below.

For more information read the installation instructions.

Cinnamon Edition

The most popular version of Linux Mint is the Cinnamon edition. Cinnamon is primarily developed for and by Linux Mint. It is slick, beautiful, and full of new features.

MATE Edition

Linux Mint is also involved in the development of MATE, a classic desktop environment which is the continuation of GNOME 2, Linux Mint’s default desktop between 2006 and 2011. Although it misses a few features and its development is slower than Cinnamon’s, MATE runs faster, uses fewer resources and is more stable than Cinnamon.

Xfce Edition

Xfce is a lightweight desktop environment. It doesn’t support as many features as Cinnamon or MATE, but it’s extremely stable and very light on resource usage.

Cinnamon «EDGE» Edition

An «EDGE» ISO image is also available for the Cinnamon edition. This image ships with a newer kernel to be able to support the latest hardware chipsets. If you cannot boot the regular editions, we recommend you try the «EDGE» ISO instead.

Thanks to your donations and advertising Linux Mint is completely free of charge. We hope you’ll enjoy using it as much as we enjoy working on it.

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How to Install GNOME Desktop Environment on Linux Mint?

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This tutorial will show you how to install GNOME 3 Desktop on Linux Mint.

GNOME 3 is also the default desktop environment for many popular Linux distros like RedHat Enterprise Linux, Fedora, CentOS, Ubuntu, Tails etc.

If you have used GNOME desktop before, you may want the same desktop experience on your Mint system too.

Linux Mint Supported Desktop Environments

Before talking about GNOME, let me mention other desktop environments that are officially supported by Linux Mint.

Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a modern, innovative and full-featured desktop environment. It is a continuation of GNOME 3 but with many customizations.

Linux Mint ships with Cinnamon as its principle desktop environment but you can also find cinnamon as an optional desktop environment for many other Linux distros.

Mate

The MATE Desktop Environment is the continuation of GNOME 2. It is an intuitive and attractive desktop environment and more stable than Cinnamon desktop (In my opinion).

Although the development of MATE is slower than Cinnamon, the devs are continuously adding support to new technologies without compromising the traditional desktop experience.

It is one of the 3 main desktop environments that Linux Mint ships with but you can also install MATE on many popular Linux distros like Fedora, Arch, Debian, Slackware, OpenSuse, Ubuntu etc.

Ubuntu also has an official flavour that ships with MATE as its default desktop environment. It is known as Ubuntu Mate .

Xfce

Xfce is one of the most lightweight desktop environment available for UNIX-like operating systems. It is very stable and consumes fewer system resources.

If you ever need a fast and lightweight desktop environment, then there’s nothing better than Xfce.

Xfce is the default desktop environment for many Linux distros and also available as optional desktop environments for almost every popular Linux Distro.

As you can see, the two desktop environments that Mint ships with (Cinnamon and Mate) are the continuation of GNOME. You can try these desktop environments if you are planning to install Linux Mint.

If you have already installed Linux Mint and just want to change the desktop environment to GNOME, then follow along with this post.

Features of GNOME Desktop

Let’s look at some of the awesome features that GNOME 3 desktop provides out-of-the-box.

Note: Here, I am mentioning features of Vanilla GNOME Desktop (which you see in RedHat, CentOS etc.). Some Linux distros (like Ubuntu) uses GNOME Desktop with their own custom modifications.

Top bar

The top bar is the go-to place for everything – from launching applications, enabling/disabling network to log off or shutting down the system. After you log in to GNOME desktop, the top bar is usually the only thing you’ll see apart from the currently running application.

Because of the top bar, you’ll get a clean and clutter-free desktop which is another great feature of the Gnome Desktop Environment.

Clean desktop

GNOME provides a minimalist and clean environment by showing only the necessary items on the desktop, everything else is hidden and can be accessed from the top bar. This helps to reduce distractions and allows the user to focus on the task at hand.

Built-in Screenshot and Screencast

With the screenshot program, you can take screenshots of the errors caused by the applications and send them to maintainers for quick resolutions or use screenshots to make tutorial posts (like I Do).

You have options while taking screenshots to capture the whole screen, a window or a specific region on the desktop. This way you don’t have to go with the hassle of cropping screenshots afterwards.

There is also a screencast application that allows you to record your screen. This is useful if you want to make tutorial videos for online courses.

Whatever your use case may be, having a built-in screenshot and screencast tool is a necessity nowadays.

Easy to use

GNOME is designed with user’s productivity in mind, therefore it features a simple and easy-to-use user interface without too much added functionality.

It is completely intuitive for beginners and also has a help program to make users familiar with the desktop environment via short descriptive manuals and videos.

Compatibility

GNOME is a popular desktop environment and as I mentioned above many desktop environments like Cinnamon and Mate are the continuation of GNOME. Because of this, many apps that are made for other desktop environments are compatible with GNOME.

Pre-Requisites to Install GNOME on Linux Mint

• Linux Mint Installed and Running. I am using Linux Mint 20 Cinnamon Edition in this post.
• Active Internet connection to download GNOME packages.
• Sudo Privileges

Install GNOME Desktop on Linux Mint

Before installing GNOME Desktop on Linux Mint, it is recommended to update software repositories.

Now, you can either install the GNOME desktop with only necessary packages or install full GNOME with all its packages.

To install GNOME with necessary packages run the following command:

sudo apt install gnome-session gdm3

Alternatively, to install full GNOME desktop on Linux Mint run the following command:

During installation, you will be prompted with an option to configure a default display manager. Choose GDM3 if you want to set GNOME as the default display manager. This will give you the gnome login screen after system startup.

However, if you prefer to use your old login manager you can choose to set Lightdm as default.

After configuring default display manager, the installation will continue. Wait for it to finish, then restart your Linux Mint system.

If you selected gdm3 as default display manager, then you’ll be greeted with the gnome login manager.

Now, you can login to GNOME Desktop.

If you wish to use a different desktop environment, then click on the username and click the wheel icon on the bottom right corner of the screen and select a different desktop environment before logging in.

Check GNOME Desktop version

You can check your details of your system using “screenfetch” utility.

sudo apt install screenfetch

In Screenfetch output, you’ll see desktop environment (DE) is GNOME and its version is 3.36.4 among other information about your Linux Mint system.

Install GNOME Tweaks

GNOME Tweaks allows you to customize and tweak the GNOME desktop environment according to your taste.

It provides many tweaks related to the following categories:

• Appearance
• Extensions
• Fonts
• Keyboard and Mouse Settings
• Start-up Applications
• Top Bar customizations
• Window Title bars
• Windows settings
• Workspace settings

To install Gnome Tweaks on Linux Mint run the following command:

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Now, you can start gnome tweaks using the command:

Uninstall GNOME Desktop

If you wish to uninstall GNOME Desktop from Linux Mint for any reason, then restart your system and choose any desktop environment other than GNOME and login to your system.

Now, run the following commands in order to uninstall GNOME Desktop:

sudo apt remove gnome-shell

The above commands will remove GNOME Desktop from your Linux Mint system, but you’ll also need to restore the default Linux Mint login manager.

Lightdm is the default display manager for Linux Mint, which was replaced by Gdm when you installed GNOME Desktop.

Reconfigure the default display manager back to Lightdm using the following command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Finally, restart the system.

After restarting, you’ll see your old Linux Mint login manager and if you try to change desktop environment before login (by clicking on the icon next to your username), you’ll see that GNOME is no longer there.

Conclusion

I hope this tutorial helped you to install GNOME Desktop Environment on Linux Mint without any problems.

I have also shown how you can customize GNOME Desktop by installing GNOME tweaks, in case you don’t like vanilla GNOME.

So, which desktop environment you prefer on your Mint system?

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