Why is my boot folder empty?
I’m trying to learn, with the ultimate goal of running a significant amount of my digital life through Linux. Right now I know nothing. My deck is a Dell Chromebook 13. After enabling developer mode, I downloaded Crouton from github.com/dnschneid/crouton. Then I opened the shell and did the following: sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -e -t -xfce This appeared to work. I was prompted to create a password and encryption key, and then to create username and password for Ubuntu. Good. When I do lsb_release -a I see I have Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS (xenial). I’m using Shotts’s book The Linux Command Line to figure out what I’m doing. Everything seems good until I start poking around directories and find only the following in /boot: When I do ls -l : «total 0» When I do ls -a : «. ..» Shotts indicates there should be quite a bit more there. I apologize for my lack of knowledge. I’m just trying to get a light, workable version of Linux dual-booted on my deck so I can teach myself a bit. Any advice, keeping in mind my ignorance, would be grand.
Try ls /boot/* and see if files are listed. In order to boot Ubuntu in the first place there must be files there. Additionally my first go around I also tried encryption but that didn’t last and I reinstalled soon without it. Encryption comes with overhead on your part to administer and puts overhead on the machine.
When I do ls /boot/* I see the following: «ls: cannot access /boot/* : No such file or directory.» Should I wipe everything and then go back into developer mode, or is there a simpler way to start clean? Would you recommend I do everything the same but simply omit the -e option, or can you suggest a lighter, faster, more stable distribution? Thanks.
@palaver I’m not familiar with developer mode nor the -e option. Most of us simply download the Ubuntu 16.04 Live USB/DVD and boot with it to «Try Ubuntu» first and after success to «Install Ubuntu». With this method you can still choose to encrypt or not encrypt data. Again I found not encrypting data kept life simple.
Crouton stands for ChRomium Os Universal chrooT envirONment and I’m not sure we even support that on this site.
@palaver At this stage any opinions I render would be pure speculation which is a disservice to both of us. I suggest logging into Google support forums for specific advise on running Debian/Ubuntu within Chromium OS.
Grub2 не видит содержимого папки /boot
Был у меня неттоп, с внешним usb hdd. На нем стоит debian с grub2. Появился новый неттоп, с полноценным винчестером внутри, и появилась необходимость старую систему на новом неттопе запустить. Подключил внешний usb к новому неттопу и при загрузке сразу вываливается в grub rescue mode. По команде ls показывает все мои разделы, но по ls (hd0,msdos1)/boot — пусто, хотя файлы там точно есть (на другом компьютере все загружается прекрасно). При этом же, на внутреннем винчестере неттопа ls (hd1,msdos1)/boot все файлы прекрасно видно. На винчестере только один раздел, отдельного под /boot нет.
Куда копать, подскажите? А то все мозги уже сломал.
Как указан раздел с корневой файловой системой в /etc/fstab, с помощью UUID/LABEL или по именам устройств (разделов (sda1,sda2 . ) ?
Нужно указать через UUID / LABEL, т.к. ядро может по разному назначать имена устройств, может случиться, что внутреннему диску будет в одном случае будет назначено имя sda, в другом случае sdb.
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=5002f6a5-1255-4766-859a-56b13c1477c4 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=6d930584-80b1-4353-937c-64017a8df731 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sda1 /media/usb0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 /dev/sda2 /media/usb1 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 /dev/sda5 /media/usb2 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0
Насколько я понимаю, на этапе захода в grub rescue mode еще не читается fstab. Но при этом он должен прекрасно увидеть содержимое каталога /boot, чтобы хотя бы ядро загрузить. А проблема в том, что он не видит его, по ls там пусто из граба. Куда еще посмотреть?
Насколько я понимаю, на этапе захода в grub rescue mode еще не читается fstab
Тьфу, да, вы правы, что плохо соображаю сейчас.
По команде ls показывает все мои разделы, но по ls (hd0,msdos1)/boot — пусто, хотя файлы там точно есть (на другом компьютере все загружается прекрасно). При этом же, на внутреннем винчестере неттопа ls (hd1,msdos1)/boot все файлы прекрасно видно. На винчестере только один раздел, отдельного под /boot нет.
Тогда та же самая ситуация c grub, у вас внутренний винчестер, видимо, определяется как hd0, а внешний, с которого вы запускаете grub как hd1.
kostik87 ★★★★★ ( 10.08.12 10:35:02 MSK )
Последнее исправление: kostik87 10.08.12 10:35:24 MSK (всего исправлений: 1)
Нет, внутренний винчестер hd1, внешний usb hdd0, командами ls я точно определил. На внутреннем /boot читается без проблем, на внешнем /boot пустой О_о
Может быть биос не отдает его корректно? Попробуй родные драйвера
Извиняюсь, немного не понял, драйвера чего? Часть директорий читаются без проблем, например /home/user, а вот /boot пустой, а в /usr вообще кракозябры.
Драйвера для EHCI/ATA/AHCI итп для граба. Судя по (hd) — работает щас это все хозяйство через biosdisk драйвер, который по 0x13h дергает диск(и) через биос. А биос штука непредсказуемая
Thread: Empty /boot folder when booting with grub2
5 Cups of Ubuntu
Empty /boot folder when booting with grub2
Hi there! I was trying to make some room for my / partition (where i also have my /home), so i booted from a live usb and used Gparted and moved that partition to use the new space. When i try to boot computer i find myself having to use grub2 to boot manually following this guide . But when i want to load the kernel i find boot folder is empty! I have a partition for /boot but i do not know how to reach it
Here’s the current state of my disk. /sda5 would be the partition i expanded (files were not accidentally erased)
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp 2 274MB 290MB 16.8MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres 3 290MB 597GB 597GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata 4 597GB 598GB 1049MB ntfs hidden, diag 5 598GB 968GB 370GB ext4 6 968GB 968GB 210MB ext4 /dev/sda0 boot, esp 7 968GB 977GB 8501MB linux-swap(v1) 8 978GB 1000GB 22.3GB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, msftdata
Ubuntu addict and loving it
Re: Empty /boot folder when booting with grub2
Your post shows that you have 2 partitions labelled «boot, esp», in other words 2 EFI partitions on the same drive. That is never a good idea. You can sda1 and sda6, the 2 EFI partitions and take a look at them to see if you have the correct files. You could also mount sda5 and see if you have a boot directory on the root partiton. Unless you are using LVM, there aren’t many situations in which having a separate boot partition is necessary, particularly with an EFI install. Another option would be to go to the site below and download and run the boot repair script. Use the 2nd option using the ppa and when you run boot repair using the instructions on their page, be sure to select ONLY the option to Create BootInfoSummary and do NOT try to make any repairs. When boot repair finishes, it will give a paste bin link you can post here for members to view and make suggestions. Read the instructions carefully before beginning.
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