Linux просмотреть все группы

Список групп пользователя Linux

В операционных системах семейства Linux у пользователя есть основная группа, а также определённое количество дополнительных групп. Это удачное, стратегически продуманное решение. С помощью этих групп можно давать пользователю доступ к нужным файлам в системе, не давая ему прав владельца этими файлами и не открывая для них общий доступ.

Более подробно про использование групп читайте в статье группы в Linux, а в этой заметке мы поговорим о том, как посмотреть список групп пользователя Linux.

Список групп пользователя Linux

Вы можете посмотреть список групп пользователя Linux двумя основными способами. Это команда id, которую мы уже разбирали в статье о том, как узнать id пользователя Linux, и команда groups. Чтобы вывести всю информацию о пользователе, используйте id:

Чтобы вывести только список групп текущего пользователя, необходимо использовать опцию -G:

Команда выводит идентификаторы групп, если вы хотите получить их имена, то необходимо добавить опцию -n:

Если надо узнать список групп для определённого пользователя, просто передайте его имя в качестве параметра:

Следующий вариант просмотра списка групп — команда groups:

И точно также можно узнать группу пользователя Linux, передав его имя команде:

Ещё можно посчитать количество групп, в которых состоит пользователь Linux:

Выводы

Как видите, всё очень просто. Вы можете буквально с помощью одной команды посмотреть группы пользователей Linux, причём не только для текущего пользователя, а для всех, кто вас интересует. Если у вас остались вопросы, спрашивайте в комментариях!

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How do I List All Groups in Linux

Linux systems may have several users that are divided into many groups. These groups are the collection of users with the same set of privileges like reading, writing, or executing permission for a particular file or resources shared among the users of that group. Linux allows you to add a new user or the existing user to the existing group for utilizing the privileges of that particular group that it will grant. We will learn about the various Linux groups and how to list all the members of the group.

Types of Groups in Linux

Linux has two types of groups that contain several users:

• Primary or Login Group: it is the group associated with the files created by a specific user. The name for that primary group has the same name as the user’s name that will create that specific file. Each user must belong to exactly a single group.
• Secondary or Supplementary Group: you can use this type of group to grant privileges to a set of users that belong to that group. A user can be assigned to no or more secondary groups.

Listing Users on Linux

For listing all the users present on the Linux system, you can run the cat command on the ‘/etc/passwd” file. This command will help in returning the number of users that are present on the Linux system.

Also, use the “less” or “more” command for navigating within the user’s list.

Listing Users Using the /etc/passwd File

For listing the usernames on the Linux system, you can use the “cat” command and then pipe the output to the “cut” command to isolate the usernames available in the first column in the list. Run the below-mentioned command as shown below.

Listing Usernames Using awk

For listing the usernames on the Linux system, use the “cat” command and then pipe the output to the “awk” command that works similar to the “cat” command.

Here we are using the “awk” interpreter, as shown below.

Listing Usernames Using getent

Use the getent command along with the “passwd” argument for listing the usernames available on Linux. Also, you can mention the optional user that you want to be displayed on the screen.

The getent command retrieves the entries from the Name Service Switch databases. It is a Unix utility for retrieving entries from various data sources. Check the list of the data sources available from the nsswitch.conf, which is stored at /etc.

If you want to list all the users with the help of the getent function, you can run the following command.

Listing the Connected Users on Your Linux Host

To get the list of the users connected to the Linux system, you can use the following command.

Using this command, you will provide the connected users’ list and the shell they are using.

Also, you can use the “users” command to get the same result as the “who” command, as shown below.

Listing Groups Using /etc/group File

Use the most commonly used “cat” command to get the list of the groups available in the “/etc/group” file. When you run the command, you will get the list of the groups.

But if you are looking for the group names that are present in the “/etc/group” file, use the cat command and then pipe the output to the “cut” command as shown below.

Also, if you want to isolate one group to check what users belong to that group, use the below command.

Listing Groups Using getent

You can use the “getent” command for listing the users on the Linux system.

If you do not provide the key, you will get the entire group file.

Listing Groups for the Current User

Using the “group” command will display a list of groups a specific user is in.

If you do not provide any argument, you will get the list of the groups for the user that runs the command.

Conclusion

The Linux system contains users and groups in different files. Sometimes it becomes important to get the user details and to which group they belong. Thus Linux offers some commands that will help you to achieve that. You can run some commands to get the user details and the group to which they belong. You can also get the complete list of users on the Linux system, active users, and groups names.

You can go through this article to get various commands for getting the list of all the groups in Linux and understand how they work.

About the author

Simran Kaur

Simran works as a technical writer. The graduate in MS Computer Science from the well known CS hub, aka Silicon Valley, is also an editor of the website. She enjoys writing about any tech topic, including programming, algorithms, cloud, data science, and AI. Travelling, sketching, and gardening are the hobbies that interest her.

Источник

How can I display all users and groups with a command?

users and groups commands display users currently logged in, and groups a user belongs to respectively.

How to display a list of all users and all groups by command-line?

2 Answers 2

You can display with the help of compgen builtin command as follows:

To display all users run following command:

However you can also display all users by cut -d «:» -f 1 /etc/passwd .

Nice! it might be preferable to use getent passwd / getent group instead of cat’ing the local files ( getent should work for non-local accounts as well)

Well, on my ubuntu, I have some files created by docker mount with 999:999 as user:group , but unfortunately none of the above commands prints them.

Here we are going to use getent for the detailed the info

We can list the user with the following command:

We can list the group as follows:

To fetch detail a specific user

Replace the lalit with your user name. Lalit will not be in every system 🙂

You can read the more into about getent here

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