Linux running jar files
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How to Run Jar File in Ubuntu Linux
Downloaded a JAR file and don’t know how to use it? Learn how to run JAR files in Ubuntu based Linux distributions.
If you install any package having the .jar extension and try to execute it, it may throw an error saying «The file is not marked as executable»: And in this tutorial, I will walk you through how you can install its prerequisites and run Jar files in Ubuntu and other Linux with multiple methods.
Run jar files in Ubuntu
If you don’t know, JAR stands for Java ARchive so you must have a working Java environment. If you have Java installed, you should be able to run it. Check if Java is installed with:
If you see an error instead of the version number, install Java runtime environment using the following command:
sudo apt install default-jreSo let’s start with the first one.
Method 1: Using GUI
The first step is to open the file manager from the system menu and navigate to the jar file which you want to run.
Then, right-click on the jar app and select Properties .
From there, select Permissions and enable Allow executing file as program :
That made the file executable.
But you have yet to select which app it should use to run the jar files.
To select an Application to start the jar files, again, click on the jar file and choose the second option Open with Other Application and choose the OpenJDK Java Runtime option:
Now, you can start the jar application like you do with any other files by pressing the Enter key.
In my case, it was an installer and it started as it should:
Method 2: Using the Terminal
If you believe in efficiency, I’m about to show you the terminal method will complete the task in only three commands.
First, open the terminal and navigate to the directory where the jar file is located using the cd command:
Once done, use the chmod command with the +x flag to make the file executable:
And finally, you can use the Java command with the -jar flag to run the jar file:
Here’s how to set up the JAVA_HOME variable
Most of the users set the JAVA_HOME variable incorrectly. So we thought, why not make a dedicated guide to get things done correctly?
I hope you will find this guide helpful.
Как запустить jar в Linux
Java — это кроссплатформенный язык программирования, благодаря которому программы, написанные один раз, можно запускать в большинстве операционных систем: в Windows, Linux и даже MacOS. И всё это без каких-либо изменений.
Но программы, написанные на Java, распространяются в собственном формате .jar, и для их запуска необходимо специальное ПО — Java-машина. В этой небольшой статье мы рассмотрим, как запустить jar-файл в Linux.
Как запустить jar Linux
Как я уже сказал, для запуска jar-файлов нам необходимо, чтобы на компьютере была установлена Java-машина. Если вы не собираетесь ничего разрабатывать, вам будет достаточно Java Runtime Environment или JRE. Что касается версии, то, обычно, большинство программ работают с 7 или 8 версией. Если нужна только восьмая, то разработчики прямо об этом сообщают. Посмотреть версию Java и заодно убедиться, что она установлена в вашей системе, можно с помощью команды:
У меня установлена восьмая версия, с пакетом обновлений 171. Если вы получаете ошибку, что команда не найдена, то это значит, что вам нужно установить java. В Ubuntu OpenJDK JRE можно установить командой:
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre
Если вы хотите скомпилировать пример из этой статьи, то вам понадобиться не JRE, а JDK, её можно установить командой:
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk-headless
Чтобы узнать, как установить Java в других дистрибутивах, смотрите статью по ссылке выше. Когда Java будет установлена, вы можете очень просто запустить любой jar-файл в Linux, передав путь к нему в качестве параметра Java-машине. Давайте для примера создадим небольшое приложение:
public class Main public static void main(String[] args) System.out.println(» Losst test app! «);
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Затем скомпилируем наше приложение в jar-файл:
javac -d . Main.java
jar cvmf MANIFEST.MF main.jar Main.class
Теперь можно запустить наш jar-файл командой java с параметром -jar:
Таким образом вы можете запустить любой jar-файл, который собран для вашей версии Java. Но не очень удобно каждый раз открывать терминал и прописывать какую-либо команду. Хотелось бы запускать программу по щелчку мышки или как любую другую Linux-программу — по имени файла.
Если мы дадим программе право на выполнение:
И попытаемся её запустить, то получим ошибку:
Чтобы её исправить, нам понадобиться пакет jarwrapper:
sudo apt install jarwrapper
Теперь можно запускать java в Linux по щелчку мыши или просто командой.
Выводы
В этой небольшой статье мы рассмотрели, как запустить jar Linux с помощью java-машины, а также как упростить команду запуска. Если у вас остались вопросы, спрашивайте в комментариях!
Обнаружили ошибку в тексте? Сообщите мне об этом. Выделите текст с ошибкой и нажмите Ctrl+Enter.
How can I execute a .jar file from the terminal
I know that to execute a file, I use the . command, then the file name with a space between them. But I’m trying to execute a .jar file using the . and it does not work. I went into the properties and marked it as executable and made it run with Java. Is there a way to execute a file with Java in the Bash Terminal? I am trying to execute the Minecraft.jar file.
Hello and welcome, jaorizabal. I slightly corrected your question. Maybe you can install a spell checker for your browser, to improve the next question yourself. Another hint: For text issues, you may mark text with your mouse in the terminal, and then paste it into the edit field of your browser (and elsewhere) with a middle click on the scroll wheel. Then you can layout your code with the buttons at the edit field. This is much faster than taking a screen shot, and uploading it.
9 Answers 9
The . syntax can only be used to run (by «sourcing») shell scripts.
You’ll need to use the java command to run a .jar file:
If you don’t have java installed, you can fix that by installing the default-jre ¹ package. You can see if you already have java installed by running in a terminal:
[1]: This will install the default openjdk Java runtime. You can use openjdk-8-jre , or openjdk-7-jre , or openjdk-6-jre instead, if you prefer — whichever is available on your version of Ubuntu.
Linux is perfectly capable of running a foreign binary, like a JAR file. This is how Wine works, for example. To run JAR files as executable do the following in a console
sudo apt-get install binfmt-support Cd to your JAR file and change it to executable (you can also do this through file properties in Nautilus)
Run your jar file just as if it was any other binary executable or shell script
Note: Be sure you have binfmt_misc linux kernel module loaded. If you use your custom compiled kernel without this module, binfmt-support won’t work.
Thanks! This is exactly what I was looking for. It’s better than using java -jar because it doesn’t require the host program to know that it is a java program, and it’s better than using a script because you don’t have to worry about passing through STDIN and OUT.
If it is an executable jar, then
Not all jar-Archives contain an executable class, declared to be started in the Manifest file, but if there is, this will work.
Btw.: You don’t start most programs from the shell with the dot. The dot is a shortcut for source , and it only works in the bash and some other shells, to include a script in the scope of the current session.
A compiled binary xybin is simply started with its name if it is in the path:
or, with its absolute path:
or with its relative path:
or if you happen to be in the directory of the file, with this relative path:
The file has to be marked executable for you (see: chmod). All of the above is true for shellscripts too, but they often have an extension .sh, and you can start a shellscript by invoking the interpreter, and then it needn’t be marked executable:
If you don’t want to start a new bash, you can use source, and you do so, to consume function definitions, aliases and variable settings.
You might as well want to make a nice entry for the application in Unity. execute the following commands:
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/minecraft.desktop In the window that pops up, copy and paste the following:
[Desktop Entry] Type=Application Name=Minecraft Comment=Click here to play Minecraft Exec=java -jar /path/to/minecraft.jar Icon=/path/to/minecraft/icon.png Terminal=false Categories=Game; You might need to log out and back in to see the effects. 🙂 Also you need to search the internet for a nice lookin Minecraft icon since they don’t provide one with the download..
- Open a command prompt with CTRL + ALT + T
- Go to your «.jar» file directory. If your Ubuntu version / flavour supports it, you should be able to right click on your «.jar» file’s directory and click «Open in Terminal»
- Type the following command:
This way your «.jar» file will execute.
Install jarwrapper. After that (and by adding the executable bit) you can start the jar file just by entering the jarfile name.
sudo apt-get install jarwrapper This works by using binfmt to add support for a new binary format to the kernel.
java -jar /home/username/.minecraft/launcher.jar New answer to an old question
Executing a jar file using the regular syntax ./app.jar (instead of java -jar ), is easy to achieve, as explained here: how to create executable jars.
Basically, JAR is a variant of ZIP, which allows random bytes to be pre/appended to the JAR without corrupting it. This means it is possible to prepend a launcher script at the beginning of the jar to make it «executable».
Here is a simple example of turning a «normal» jar into an executable one:
# Append a basic launcher script to the jar cat \ <(echo '#!/bin/sh')\ <(echo 'exec java -jar $0 "$@"')\ <(echo 'exit 0')\ original.jar >executable.jar # Make the new jar executable chmod +x executable.jar With this, you can now run ./executable.jar instead of java -jar original.jar . This works on all unix like systems including Linux, MacOS, Cygwin, and Windows Linux subsystem.