Linux tutorial step by step

UNIX / Linux Tutorial for Beginners: Learn Online in 7 days

Linux is the most popular server OS. Linux is a clone of UNIX. Knowing one is as good as knowing the other. In this UNIX / Linux tutorial for beginners series, we will be using Linux as it’s freely available. The training will require you to execute certain commands. Make sure to practice them!

Prerequisites for learning UNIX / Linux Tutorial?

Nothing. This Linux tutorial for beginners is an absolute guide to Learn Unix/Linux basic fundamentals, Linux command line, UNIX programming and many other topics. You don’t even have to buy a new PC to learn Linux. You can run Linux, right within your existing Windows or Mac OS systems! (Detailed steps are given in these Linux/UNIX tutorials).

UNIX / Linux Syllabus

Linux Fundamentals

👉 Lesson 1	What is Linux? — Introduction to Linux Operating System (OS)
👉 Lesson 2	How to Install Linux — How to Download & Install Linux (Ubuntu) in Windows PC
👉 Lesson 3	Linux vs Windows — What’s the Difference?
👉 Lesson 4	Linux Command Line Tutorial — Manipulate Terminal with CD Commands

Getting Started

👉 Lesson 1	Linux/Unix Basic Commands — Learn Basic Linux Commands with Examples & Syntax
👉 Lesson 2	File Permissions in Linux/Unix — How to Read/Write & Change?

Advance Stuff!

👉 Lesson 1	Linux I/O Redirection — Input Output Redirection in Linux/Unix Examples
👉 Lesson 2	Pipe, Grep and Sort Command in Linux/Unix — Learn with Examples
👉 Lesson 3	Linux Regular Expression Tutorial — Learn Grep Regex with Examples

Know the OS!

👉 Lesson 1	Environment Variables in Linux — List of Environment Variables in Linux/Unix
👉 Lesson 2	Linux Networking Commands — SSH, Ping, FTP, Telnet Communication Commands
👉 Lesson 3	Telnet Vs SSH — Key Differences
👉 Lesson 4	Linux/Unix Process Management — ps, kill, top, df, free, nice Commands
👉 Lesson 5	VI Editor Linux Tutorial — VI Editor with Commands in Linux/Unix Tutorial
👉 Lesson 6	Unzip Files in Linux — How to Unzip Files in Linux and Ubuntu

Let’s Code!

👉 Lesson 1	Shell Scripting Tutorial — How to Create Shell Script in Linux/Unix
👉 Lesson 2	Linux/Unix Virtual Terminal — What Is A Virtual Terminal In Linux/Unix?
👉 Lesson 3	Linux User Commands Tutorial — Administration & Management
👉 Lesson 4	Unix Vs. Linux — What’s the Difference Between Unix and Linux?
👉 Lesson 5	Crontab in Linux — Job Scheduling EXAMPLES
👉 Lesson 6	Best Linux Certifications — RHCE, LPI, CompTIA, Linux Foundation
👉 Lesson 7	Linux Command Cheat Sheet — Basic Linux commands with Example
👉 Lesson 8	Best FTP Client Software — 20 Best FTP Client for Windows & Mac
👉 Lesson 9	Best SFTP Server — 15+ BEST (FREE & Paid) SFTP Servers for Windows/Linux
👉 Lesson 10	Best TFTP server — 7 Best (Really Free) TFTP Server for Windows/Linux
👉 Lesson 11	Best Linux Distros — 10 Best Linux Distros
👉 Lesson 12	Shell Scripting Interview Q & A — Top 50 Shell Scripting Interview Questions & Answers
👉 Lesson 13	Linux Interview Questions — Top 60 Linux Interview Questions and Answers
👉 Lesson 14	Unix Interview Questions — Top 50 Unix Interview Questions and Answers
👉 Lesson 15	Linux Books — 15 Best Linux Books for Beginners & Experts
👉 Lesson 16	Linux Tutorial PDF — Download Linux Tutorial PDF for Beginners

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Step By Step – Ubuntu Quick Start Guide

You are Welcome! The Tutorial shows you Step-by-step How to Quick Start Easily with Ubuntu GNU/Linux Desktop.

And this Ubuntu Quick Start Tutorial for Beginners shows you How to Download, Burn, Try, Install Ubuntu OS, Install Drivers, Install some of Best Software, and to Get Started with File Manager & Command Line.

Moreover, the guides on this website are all Visual & Step-by-step and pilot you to Easy Jump Starting with Ubuntu.

Finally, on Legacy Computers Before Installing Ubuntu it is Recommended to Test if your System meet the Minimum Hard Requirements simply by trying to see if it’s able to Run the Ubuntu Live OS.

First, Steps Covered in the Ubuntu Quickstart Guide:

• Download & Burn Ubuntu Live OS.
• Try Ubuntu Live OS on Computer.
• Try/Install Ubuntu on a Virtual Machine for Windows/Mac (Easy).
• Install Ubuntu on a PC with Windows.
• How Access Folders and Drives on the File Manager.
• How to Install Drivers for Ubuntu.
• Best Software for Ubuntu Installation.
• Command Line Tutorial for Ubuntu Beginners.

How to Get & Burn Ubuntu Live OS

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Linux Tutorial for Beginners – Step by Step Linus Guide

Linux is an open-source operating system written in computer languages like C and other assembly languages. Our smartphones, cars, home appliances, desktops, refrigerators and even thermostats have run on Linux since the mid-1990s, which has now been globally accepted as a reliable and secure operating system. Operating systems (OS) are essential for any device, and Linux is currently the most popular operating system.

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Linux comprises essential parts necessary to know before learning Linus commands. These are as follows:

• Bootloader- A Bootloader is software responsible for booting a PC. A Bootloader is present in the boot section of any storage device, which locates and initiates the operating system on the device.
• Kernel- Kernel is the key element inside Linux, managing the entire CPU, memory, and other software, working as a core interface.
• Init System- The Init system is a subsystem that helps bootstrap user space and controls daemons. In addition, this system is responsible for performing the boot process once initial booting is done and redeemed from the bootloader.
• Daemons- Daemons are background application services like sound, printing etc., managing the background processes rather than being under the user’s direct control.
• Graphical Server- Graphical Server subsystem in Linux displays graphics on the monitor screen.
• Desktop Environment- A Desktop Environment is the interaction interface of Linux. Desktop Environment extends numerous built-in features like gaming, web browser, configuration tools, settings, etc. In addition, users can choose from various environments like GNOME, Cinnamon, Mate, Pantheon, Enlightenment, etc.
• Applications- Linux has high-qualified applications installed immediately from a centralised location, just like Ubuntu. In addition, it is user-friendly and includes app store-like tools for easier navigation and configuration.

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The Linux Command Line

A Linux command line is an interface of text input from the user and commands executed by the system. The user has to manually type the commands for it to display on-screen and get executed by OS.

HOW TO USE THE COMMAND LINE?

First, open the Linux command line and pop open a command tool/command prompt by pressing the “CTRL+ALT+T” keys together.

Logging in to Linux through a tool like PuTTY, will ready the command line on its own. When the command line is opened up, the user might see a prompt like ( user@system:~$), which implies the system is ready to execute your commands.

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IMPORTANT LINUX COMMANDS

The commands can complete all tasks on Linux, and they occur at the interface of the Linux terminal, though these commands are case-sensitive. Press the “CTRL+ALT+T” keys together to open the Linux terminal and execute any command by pressing the “ENTER” key.

Here are a few important commands to keep in mind while you learn the Linux command line :

LINUX DIRECTORY COMMANDS

• pwd command- Used to display the location of the current directory. Syntax: pwd
• mkdir command- Used to create a new directory under any directory. Syntax: mkdir

LINUX FILE COMMANDS

• touch command- Used to create multiple empty files. Syntax: touch and touch ….
• cat command- Used to create a file, display its contents, copy the contents, etc. Syntax: cat [OPTION]…[FILE]… etc. Press “CTRL+D” keys together to save the file.

LINUX FILE CONTENT COMMANDS

• head command- Used to display the first ten lines of the contents of a file. Syntax: head
• tac command- The reverse of the cat command, it displays the file contents from the end. Syntax: tac

LINUX USER COMMANDS

• su command- Allows administration control from one user to another over Linux. Syntax: su
• id command- Used to display the group ID or the User ID. Syntax: id

LINUX FILTER COMMANDS

• The sed command- Also called the stream editor; it helps in editing files and displays the edited content, without saving any data permanently. Syntax: command | sed’s / / /’
• tr command- The tr command is used to translate file content. Syntax: command | tr

LINUX UTILITY COMMANDS

• The find command- Used to find certain files within the directory. The (.) symbol is used to find current directory names, and the (/) is used to find any roots. Syntax: find. -name “*pdf”
• The date command- Used to find dates, time zones, etc. Syntax: date

LINUX NETWORKING COMMANDS

• The ip command- Used to assign any IP address or initialise/disable any system interface. Syntax: ip or an ip addr
• The mail command- Used to send emails from the command line. Syntax: mail -s “Subject”

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