Как узнать расположение bin папки для mariadb в ubuntu?
Собственно в этом и есть вопрос. bin папка для mariadb вообще существует? Есть папка с данными и по умолчанию она находится в usr/lib/mysql как я понял.
1 ответ 1
в убунту папка бин находится в /bin, /usr/bin или /usr/local/bin. и они общие для всех приложений в системе. в папке /usr/lib/mysql лежат плагины.
посмотреть где лежат файлы сервера можно командой
dpkg-query --listfiles mariadb-server-core-10.5 dpkg-query --listfiles mariadb-server-10.5 /. /usr /usr/bin /usr/bin/innochecksum /usr/bin/mariadb-install-db /usr/bin/mariadb-upgrade /usr/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/resolveip /usr/sbin /usr/sbin/mariadbd /usr/share /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-core-10.5 /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-core-10.5/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-core-10.5/copyright /usr/share/lintian /usr/share/lintian/overrides /usr/share/lintian/overrides/mariadb-server-core-10.5 /usr/share/man /usr/share/man/man1 /usr/share/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz /usr/share/man/man8 /usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/mysql/charsets /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml /usr/share/mysql/czech /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/danish /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/dutch /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/english /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/estonian /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql /usr/share/mysql/french /usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/german /usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/greek /usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/hindi /usr/share/mysql/hindi/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/hungarian /usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/italian /usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/japanese /usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/korean /usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/maria_add_gis_sp_bootstrap.sql /usr/share/mysql/mysql_performance_tables.sql /usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql /usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql /usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql /usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_db.sql /usr/share/mysql/norwegian /usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny /usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/polish /usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/portuguese /usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/romanian /usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/russian /usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/serbian /usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/slovak /usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/spanish /usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/swedish /usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/ukrainian /usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys /usr/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_upgrade /usr/sbin/mysqld /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-install-db.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-upgrade.1.gz /usr/share/man/man8/mariadbd.8.gz /. /etc /etc/apparmor.d /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mariadbd /etc/init.d /etc/init.d/mariadb /etc/logcheck /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.paranoid /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.paranoid/mariadb-server-10_5 /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.server /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.server/mariadb-server-10_5 /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.workstation /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.workstation/mariadb-server-10_5 /etc/logrotate.d /etc/logrotate.d/mariadb /etc/mysql /etc/mysql/debian-start /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf /etc/security /etc/security/user_map.conf /lib /lib/systemd /lib/systemd/system /lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service /lib/systemd/system/mariadb@.service /lib/systemd/system/mariadb@bootstrap.service.d /lib/systemd/system/mariadb@bootstrap.service.d/use_galera_new_cluster.conf /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_user_map.so /usr /usr/bin /usr/bin/aria_chk /usr/bin/aria_dump_log /usr/bin/aria_ftdump /usr/bin/aria_pack /usr/bin/aria_read_log /usr/bin/galera_new_cluster /usr/bin/galera_recovery /usr/bin/mariadb-binlog /usr/bin/mariadb-convert-table-format /usr/bin/mariadb-hotcopy /usr/bin/mariadb-plugin /usr/bin/mariadb-secure-installation /usr/bin/mariadb-service-convert /usr/bin/mariadb-setpermission /usr/bin/mariadb-tzinfo-to-sql /usr/bin/mariadbd-multi /usr/bin/mariadbd-safe /usr/bin/mariadbd-safe-helper /usr/bin/msql2mysql /usr/bin/myisam_ftdump /usr/bin/myisamchk /usr/bin/myisamlog /usr/bin/myisampack /usr/bin/perror /usr/bin/replace /usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump /usr/bin/wsrep_sst_common /usr/bin/wsrep_sst_mariabackup /usr/bin/wsrep_sst_mysqldump /usr/bin/wsrep_sst_rsync /usr/lib /usr/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql/plugin /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_ed25519.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_pam.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_pam_tool_dir /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_pam_tool_dir/auth_pam_tool /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_pam_v1.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/disks.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/file_key_management.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ha_archive.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ha_blackhole.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ha_federated.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ha_federatedx.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ha_sphinx.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/handlersocket.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/locales.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/metadata_lock_info.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/query_cache_info.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/query_response_time.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/server_audit.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/simple_password_check.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/sql_errlog.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/type_mysql_json.so /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/wsrep_info.so /usr/share /usr/share/apport /usr/share/apport/package-hooks /usr/share/apport/package-hooks/source_mariadb-10.5.py /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5 /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5/NEWS.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5/README.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5/copyright /usr/share/doc/mariadb-server-10.5/mariadbd.sym.gz /usr/share/lintian /usr/share/lintian/overrides /usr/share/lintian/overrides/mariadb-server-10.5 /usr/share/man /usr/share/man/man1 /usr/share/man/man1/aria_chk.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/aria_dump_log.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/aria_ftdump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/aria_pack.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/aria_read_log.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/galera_new_cluster.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/galera_recovery.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-service-convert.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_plugin.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_safe_helper.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/perror.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/replace.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wsrep_sst_common.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wsrep_sst_mariabackup.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wsrep_sst_mysqldump.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wsrep_sst_rsync.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/wsrep_sst_rsync_wan.1.gz /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/mysql/debian-start.inc.sh /usr/share/mysql/echo_stderr /usr/share/mysql/errmsg-utf8.txt /usr/share/mysql/wsrep.cnf /usr/share/mysql/wsrep_notify /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format /usr/bin/mysql_plugin /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation /usr/bin/mysql_setpermission /usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/mysqld_safe_helper /usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy /usr/bin/wsrep_sst_rsync_wan /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-binlog.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-convert-table-format.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-hotcopy.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-plugin.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-secure-installation.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-setpermission.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadb-tzinfo-to-sql.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadbd-multi.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadbd-safe-helper.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/mariadbd-safe.1.gz Difference between /bin and /usr/bin
When UNIX was first written, /bin and /usr/bin physically resided on two different disks: /bin being on a smaller faster (more expensive) disk, and /usr/bin on a bigger slower disk. Now, /bin is a symbolic link to /usr/bin : they are essentially the same directory.
But when you ls the /bin folder, it has far less content than the /usr/bin folder (at least on my running system). So can someone please explain the difference?
@tshepang well if you keep clicking up, in the article you’ll reach Basic Introduction to UNIX/linux. So I’d say no, they’re not talking about a specific machine
@xeno Yeah, I did, but didn’t stick around long enough. In that case, that page must be taken down. So misleading.
That document can be considered ‘historical reference’. If you look at the «about this document» page, you will see that it was copyrighted originally in 1993. If you look at the bibliography, it’s most recent source is 1997. Most of the popular unix-like operating systems have changed substantially since then.
Anyone interested in the historicity of this configuration should read this: lists.busybox.net/pipermail/busybox/2010-December/074114.html
5 Answers 5
What? no /bin/ is not a symlink to /usr/bin on any FHS compliant system. Note that there are still popular Unices and Linuxes that ignore this — for example, /bin and /sbin are symlinked to /usr/bin on Arch Linux (the reasoning being that you don’t need /bin for rescue/single-user-mode, since you’d just boot a live CD).
contains commands that may be used by both the system administrator and by users, but which are required when no other filesystems are mounted (e.g. in single user mode). It may also contain commands which are used indirectly by scripts
essentially, /bin contains executables which are required by the system for emergency repairs, booting, and single user mode. /usr/bin contains any binaries that aren’t required.
I will note, that they can be on separate disks/partitions, /bin must be on the same disk as / . /usr/bin can be on another disk — although note that this configuration has been kind of broken for a while (this is why e.g. systemd warns about this configuration on boot).
For full correctness, some unices may ignore FHS, as I believe it is only a Linux Standard, I’m not aware that it has yet been included in SUS, Posix or any other UNIX standard, though it should be IMHO. It is a part of the LSB standard though.