Linux which login manager

Дисплейные менеджеры в дистрибутивах Linux

Поговорим про важную составляющую графического интерфейса дистрибутивов Linux — дисплейные менеджеры, менеджеры входа или логин-менеджеры. Расскажу про то, что это такое и какие популярные менеджеры доступны пользователям.

Что такое дисплейный менеджер?

Это графический экран, который встречает вас при входе в любой дистрибутив Линукс со средой рабочего стола и просит ввести логин и пароль. Их существует огромное множество, ровно также, как существует много сред рабочего стола. Практически все существующие дисплейные менеджеры имеют конфигурационные файлы и доступны для кастомизации.

Способы входа в дистрибутив Линукс

Использование графического дисплейного менеджера не является обязательным. В установленный дистрибутив вы можете настроить автовход, можете установить консольный дисплейный менеджер или входить при загрузке в консоль и оттуда стартовать среду рабочего стола (последний вариант вообще для фриков, но я знаю нескольких людей, которые входят в систему именно так). Основными преимуществами графического логин-менеджера является то, что это привычный большинству пользователям способ входа и то, что при таком входе можно менять среду рабочего стола (в случае, если вы используете одновременно несколько сред на одном дистрибутиве).

Популярные графические логин-менеджеры

Мы поговорим про графические менеджеры входа, их консольным вариантам будет посвящен отдельный пост. Каждый из перечисленных дисплейных менеджеров используется по-умолчанию в конкретных средах рабочего стола, но это не означает, что есть жесткая привязка логин-менеджера, среды рабочего стола и дистрибутива.

GDM (Gnome Display Manager или экранный менеджер GNOME)

Экранный менеджер встретит вас по-умолчанию при использовании среды рабочего стола GNOME. Помимо ввода логина и пароля пользователю доступна смена среды рабочего стола, смена графического сервера (в случае поддержки дистрибутивом и средой сервера Wayland) доступ к расширенным возможностям для ввода (экранная клавиатура, лупа), действия по работе с сеансом (спящий режим, перезагрузка, выключение).

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5 login managers and how to change the one you use

Display Manager or in Spanish known as login manager, is a graphical interface that is displayed at the end of the boot process, instead of the default shell. There are different types of managers Among which we can find from the simplest ones without any type of graphical interface to some with a good design.

In this little section I will show you how to change our startup manager and I will also share some of the most popular ones. that exist for our system.

Before starting, I must warn you that if you have no notion of what you are going to do, take the trouble to first carry out this process from a virtual machine, since if you do not have the knowledge and above all the patience to fix a bug, You can be left without your current manager and you will have to start a user session from a TTY.

How to change our login manager?

Depending on the flavor you have of Ubuntu, it will be the startup manager you will have, in the case of Ubuntu 17.10 as you will know, return to Gnome with which the startup manager is GDM.

Regardless of that, we only have to identify which one we are using, for when we want to change it or otherwise return to it, let us keep in mind what it is.

To change our manager we just have to open a terminal and execute the following command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure tu_gestor_de_sesion_actual

Now I will go on to show some of the most popular managers.

kdm

KDE DisplayManager is a login manager developed by the KDE team for their desktop environment, this manager allows the user to choose a desktop environment or a window manager when logging in. KDM uses the Qt application framework. It is configurable through the KDE system configuration; its appearance can be customized by the user.

To install it in our system we do it with the following command:

LightDM

LightDM It is the screen manager that was used in versions prior to Ubuntu 17.10, Launches X servers, user sessions, and the login screen, built to be lightweight, fast, adaptable to user needs, and work with a variety of desktop environments.

To install it, we just have to execute the following command in a terminal:

LXDM

LXDM is a lightweight display manager for the LXDE desktop environment . The user interface is implemented with GTK + 2. This manager is quite simple so it is recommended for low-resource teams.

To install it we execute the following:

SDDM

SDDM is another lightweight display manager this one was written from scratch in C ++ 11 and supports theme creation via QML. This manager is gaining popularity over time. It is the successor to KDE and is used in collaboration with KDE plasma.

To install it, we just have to execute the following command:

For versions prior to Ubuntu 15.10, we must add a repository to our system and install it with:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa: blue-shell / sddm sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install sddm

MDM

MDM it is a fork of GDM it is fully compatible with the old GDM themes available on websites such as gnome-look.org.

To install this manager we must add a repository to our system, we must open a terminal and execute the following command

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

Now we just have to update our list of repositories with:

And finally we only proceed to install the manager with:

These some of the most popular, for my part within the ones that I liked the most, were mdm and sddm. If you know of any other manager that we can include in this list or you simply want to share with us, do not hesitate to share it with us in our comments section.

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Full path to article: ubunlog » Ubuntu » 5 login managers and how to change the one you use

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linux artist said

Greetings: I recommend to all who are reading this page that NEVER follow the instructions that were described. ALL examples shown leave the system hopefully UNSTABLE. On more than one occasion the desktop just disappeared. I tell the author that before publishing something, check what he is publishing.

Pep said

It is something typical of this page, they only dedicate themselves to copying articles from other sites.

Jorge C. Rodriguez S. said

I have a problem, I have ubuntu 18.04 installed and I installed the ligthdm for the login, I joined the computer to the company network and when I started the session it does not give me the option to change to another user other than the main user with which I did the installation. I want to enter with so-and-so@empresa.com and it does not give me the option, it only shows the Pedro Perez option. What I can do ??

David naranjo said

You have specified your Hostname, configured your DNS and also have SAMBA, LDAP, WINBIND, KERBEROS and PAM configured with which you will have your shared resources and they will be the ones who help you with what you need.

Luis said

Use the methods mentioned here and if it worked.
After using the command and choosing the startup manager, the pc must be restarted.
Once this is done, you must choose the desktop environment to use on the login screen.

Jesus Rafael González Torres said

Источник

Display Manager: What are the Login Managers in Linux?

Display Manager: What are the Login Managers in Linux?

On this occasion, after having done an extensive review of the best known and most used Desktop Environments (DE) y Window Managers (WM), we will stop at another element or component of GNU / Linux that some passionate users tend to prefer, select and / or customize in their Distros.

And this element or component of Linux is none other than the «Display Managers», or as they are known in Spanish, under the names of Home screen managers y Login managers.

Before entering the matter, we will briefly clarify the concept of each of these 3 elements to make everything clear.

Elements of a Linux OS

Desktop Environments (DE)

» A Desktop Environment is nothing more than the set of software necessary to offer every user of a certain Operating System a visual, friendly and comfortable way of interaction. That is, it is an implementation of a Graphical User Interface (GUI) arranged to provide access and configuration facilities, such as toolbars and integration between applications, with functionalities such as drag and drop, among many others. » . More information here.

Window Managers (WM)

» It is the piece of the puzzle that controls the placement and appearance of the windows. And that requires XWindows to function but not from a Desktop Environment, of obligatory form. And according to ArchLinux Official Wiki, in its section dedicated to «Windows Manager«, These are divided into 3 types, which are the following: Stacking, Tiling and Dynamics » . More information here.

Home Screen Managers (DM)

» It is a graphical interface that is displayed at the end of the boot process, instead of the default shell. There are several types of screen managers, just as there are different types of window managers and desktop environments. These managers usually provide a certain degree of customization and availability of themes with each one » . More information here.

Display Manager: Login Managers

Display Managers available

DMs can be of the type CLI (Console) o GUI (Graphics). Among those of the CLI type we can mention CDM y Getty plus other similar ones like Rungetty, Fgetty and Mingetty. While, among the best known and preferred Display Managers graphics we can mention the following:

• GNOME Display Manager (GDM): Described on its official website as a program that manages graphic display servers and manages logins of graphic users for the FROM GNOME.
• KDE Display Manager (KDM): It was the old DM of the FROM KDE4, which was based on XDM so it shared many of its configuration options. Most of these options were defined in the kdmrc.
• Simple Desktop Display Manager (SDDM): It is a modern DM for X11 and Wayland that aims to be fast, simple and beautiful. It is currently widely used by DE KDE Plasma, mainly because it uses modern technologies such as QtQuick, which in turn gives the designer the ability to create smooth and animated user interfaces.
• Light Display Manager (LightDM): A very light and simple DM, which works as a daemon (service) capable of executing among many things, display servers (for example, X) where needed and login managers to allow users to choose which account user and type of session to use.
• Simple Login Manager (Slim): An old and outdated DM, but lightweight and easy to configure, which requires minimal dependencies, and is independent of Desktop Environments.
• LX Display Manager (LXDM): A simple DM specially designed for LXDE, but can be used independently of it.

There are many others, especially old, outdated or little diffused or known as: XDM, WDM MDM, and Qingy.

Conclusion

We hope this » useful little post « on «Display Managers (DM)» existing on GNU / Linux, to know a little more about them in depth, as we have been doing about the Desktop Environments (DE) and Window Managers (WM); is of great interest and utility, for the entire «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» and of great contribution to the diffusion of the wonderful, gigantic and growing ecosystem of applications of «GNU/Linux» .

And for more information, always do not hesitate to visit any Online library as OpenLibra y jedit to read books (PDFs) on this topic or others knowledge areas. For now, if you liked this «publicación» , don’t stop sharing it with others, in your Favorite websites, channels, groups, or communities of social networks, preferably free and open as Mastodon, or secure and private like Telegram.

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Full path to article: From Linux » GNU / Linux » Display Manager: What are the Login Managers in Linux?

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