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Содержание
  1. Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 6
  2. Download Software
  3. Unpack Files
  4. Hosts File
  5. Oracle Installation Prerequisites
  6. Automatic Setup
  7. Manual Setup
  8. Additional Setup
  9. Installation
  10. Post Installation
  11. Common Errors

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Installation On Oracle Linux 6

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) (64-bit) on Oracle Linux 6 (64-bit). The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap, with SELinux set to permissive and the firewall disabled. The following package groups were included for this installation.

  • Base System > Base
  • Base System > Client management tools
  • Base System > Compatibility libraries
  • Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities
  • Base System > Large Systems Performance
  • Base System > Network file system client
  • Base System > Performance Tools
  • Base System > Perl Support
  • Servers > Server Platform
  • Servers > System administration tools
  • Desktops > Desktop
  • Desktops > Desktop Platform
  • Desktops > Fonts
  • Desktops > General Purpose Desktop
  • Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools
  • Desktops > Input Methods
  • Desktops > X Window System
  • Development > Additional Development
  • Development > Development Tools
  • Applications > Internet Browser

An example of this type of Linux installations can be seen here. Alternative installations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones listed below.

Download Software

Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.

Unpack Files

# 11.2.0.1 unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip #11.2.0.2 unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip #11.2.0.3 unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip #11.2.0.4 unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

You should now have a single directory called «database» containing installation files.

Hosts File

The «/etc/hosts» file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.0.181 ol6-112.localdomain ol6-112

Oracle Installation Prerequisites

Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.

Automatic Setup

If you plan to use the «oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall» package to perform all your prerequisite setup, follow the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com to setup the yum repository for OL, then perform the following command.

# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

All necessary prerequisites will be performed automatically.

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It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.

Manual Setup

If you have not used the «oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall» package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.

Oracle recommend the following minimum parameter settings.

fs.suid_dumpable = 1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

The current values can be tested using the following command.

Add or amend the following lines in the «/etc/sysctl.conf» file.

fs.suid_dumpable = 1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=1048586

Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.

Add the following lines to the «/etc/security/limits.conf» file.

oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 4096 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240

Install the following packages if they are not already present.

# From Oracle Linux 6 DVD cd /media/cdrom/Server/Packages rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64* rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64* rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686* rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64* rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64* rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64* rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686* rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64* rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64* rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64* rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64* rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64* rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64* rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64* rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686* rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686* rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64* rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686* rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64* rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64* rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64* rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64* rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686* rpm -Uvh compat-libcap* cd / eject

This will install all the necessary 32-bit packages for 11.2.0.1. From 11.2.0.2 onwards many of these are unnecessary, but having them present does not cause a problem.

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Create the new groups and users.

groupadd -g 501 oinstall groupadd -g 502 dba groupadd -g 503 oper groupadd -g 504 asmadmin groupadd -g 506 asmdba groupadd -g 505 asmoper useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle passwd oracle

We are not going to use the «asm» groups, since this installation will not use ASM.

Additional Setup

Set the password for the «oracle» user.

Amend the «/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf» file as described below. See MOS Note [ID 1487773.1]

# Change this * soft nproc 1024 # To this * - nproc 16384

Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the «/etc/selinux/config» file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

Once the change is complete, restart the server.

If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here or here.

Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01

Login as root and issue the following command.

Login as the oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the «.bash_profile» file.

# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol6-112.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Installation

Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.

Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in the database directory.

Proceed with the installation of your choice. The prerequisites checks will fail for the following version-dependent reasons:

  • 11.2.0.1: The installer shows multiple «missing package» failures because it does not recognize several of the newer version packages that were installed. These «missing package» failures can be ignored as the packages are present. The failure for the «pdksh» package can be ignored because we installed the «ksh» package in its place.
  • 11.2.0.2: The installer should only show a single «missing package» failure for the «pdksh» package. It can be ignored because we installed the «ksh» package in its place.
  • 11.2.0.3: The installer shows no failures and continues normally.
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You can see the type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below to see screen shots of each stage.

If you are doing an installation for an Enterprise Manager repository, remember to do an advanced installation and pick the ALT32UTF8 character set.

  1. Configure Security Updates
  2. Select Install Option
  3. System Class
  4. Node Selection
  5. Select Install Type
  6. Typical Install Configuration
  7. Create Inventory
  8. Perform Prerequisite Checks
  9. Summary
  10. Install Product
  11. Database Configuration Assistant
  12. Database Configuration Assistant 2
  13. Execute Configuration Scripts
  14. Finish

Post Installation

Edit the «/etc/oratab» file setting the restart flag for each instance to ‘Y’.

DB11G:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

Common Errors

  • «error code 35» : The machine name in the «/etc/hosts» file is not correct. It needs an entry for the loopback adapter (localhost) and the machine name. If you are using DNS for name resolution, you still need the loopback adapter reference in this file.
  • «error code 37» : The DNS not working properly. You may also get this error is the «/etc/hosts» file is not configured correctly.
  • «sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.11.1» : The prerequisites have not been met. Work through them again. Specifically, make sure the «gcc» package has been installed.
  • Listener fails to start — Typically this is due to incorrect name resolution. Make sure the «/etc/hosts» and/or DNS is configured correctly.
  • Linking errors — Almost always due to missing prerequisites. Review the setup sections.

Hope this helps. Regards Tim.

Created: 2011-02-13 Updated: 2016-02-03

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