Как выбрать ноутбук для Linux?
Начать стоит со своих задач. Я — яблочник с опытом, но в VirtualBox’е уже успел попользоваться Ubuntu, Linux Mint и Manjaro. Помимо того, что я аж целых 5 лет сидел на MacOS, я занимаюсь программированием и время от времени монтирую ролики (не какие-то серьёзные проекты, так, для себя).
Мне нужна мобильность, поэтому стационарный ПК просто не подходит. Также я очень сильно хочу перейти на Linux. Конечно, я мог бы поставить Manjaro или Ubuntu основной ОС на iMac, но, извиняйте, я считаю это извращением.
Я присматривался к Huawei Matebook X и Honor MagicBook, однако, в Интернете полно отзывов об их ужасной совместимости с Linux: отпечаток пальца (который мне вообще не сдался) не поддерживается из-за отсутствия драйверов, динамики вообще не хотят работать на Линуксе.
Мои параметры по подбору ноутбука:
1) поддержка хотя бы самых популярных Linux-дистрибутивов (Manjaro, Fedora, Arch Linux);
2) компактность (около 14-ти дюймов экран, вес не более 1,76 кг);
3) отсутствие нафиг не сдавшихся мне Touch ID и подобной лабуды;
4) тачпад ближе к середине, не хочется левосторонний IdeaPad;
5) наличие разъёма HDMI для подключения к монитору.
Как думаете, стоит ли исключить какие-то пункты или добавить новые? И как вообще определиться с выбором ноутбука? Был бы очень рад получить хотя бы какой-то совет, а то после долгого поиска уже хочется забыть про мобильность и просто собрать ПК(((
UPD: Спасибо всем за советы! Безмерно вас благодарю!
Мне удалось пару часов попользоваться Huawei Matebook D15 вместе с Ubuntu (Live CD). Проблема со звуком — Dummy Output.
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A list of linux friendly laptops
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README.md
A list of linux friendly laptops
- avoid consumer laptops. they might carry some bios/uefi restrictions which prevent installing linux on these machines. professional series laptops are more suitable (but might be more expensive)
- avoid touch screen:
- linux UI not very touch compatible
- might create issues
- be careful with Nvidia graphics card: always prefer intel graphic cards as they provide open source drivers. Nvidia can cause issues which are difficult to debug. The situation might be better now though (with the nouveau drivers). I invite you to check the best linux compatible nvidia cards on the web (more info here: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NVIDIA)
- avoid exotic brands (unless they are officialy supporting linux). The common models and brands are well documented by the community. Easier for troubleshouting.
- USB-C is eating the world (of laptops). Some laptops have just one port. So keep that in mind if you need retro-compatibility with older hardware, and even to connect to a beamer (might need to purchase an adapter)
- Some manufacturer are now configuring the hard disks in Raid, which can make the linux installation more complex (especially for Dual Boot).
Avoid consumer laptops from Lenovo at all cost. For two reasons:
- They ship consumer laptops infected with adware / spyware
- They sometimes add some restrictions to avoid linux installation
Go with the thinkpad models: http://www3.lenovo.com/us/en/think/ as they are known for the compatibility with linux (many sys admin use thinkpad on linux)
- Yoga 720 13″ (1 USB-C for power, 1 extra USB-C, 1 USB 3, no HDMI)
- it’s shipped with a RAID system, which might be an issue to install linux. If you disable it in the bios, it will mess with Windows (might need to completely ditch Windows)
According to HP, their laptops are compatible with Ubuntu -> HP website
I have no experience with installing linux on a HP computer. But then again, try to avoid consumer, and look at the pro models.
System76 is a linux installed computer manufacturer. It means their products will never ship with Microsoft Windows. So if you want to keep Windows on the side (dual boot) for gaming or running any non cross platform apps (Photoshop, Adobe Premiere, . etc), you’ll should have a look at other manufacturers.
All their laptops are compatible with linux (at least ubuntu and derivatives), no wrong choices here.
StationX is a linux pre-installed computer manufacturer. Lots of options available (Ubuntu, OpenSuse, Arch Linux, . ), different keyboard layout, and even the super-key sticker (the key with the windows logo on windows laptops). Not so expensive. Should give it a try one day. website
- Asus zenbook 13″
- only 1x USB-C port. Might need an adapter for other ports
- Nvidia graphics inside, but driver seems to work well
- Nvidia 800+ series graphics inside, but driver seems to work well
No experience in installing linux on Asus laptops. Please feel free to contribute to this repo if you have information on this.
Since the MacTel (Mac + intel) revolution, it is now possible to install Linux on Apple laptops. But it seems that Apple made it more difficult on their 2017 models.
But models previous to 2016 should be Linux compatible. (not as seamless as Dell or Thinkpads, but should work).
Other linux compatible manufacturers
ChromeOS is a Gnu/Linux based OS. It is then possible to install a «real» linux distribution on it.
GalliumOS: https://galliumos.org/ You can check the hardware compatibility with Chromebooks here: https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility
There is also crouton, but it actually run a linux alongside ChromeOS. So you can switch between the two. Drawback: it consums lots a memory. (And you don’t really need to OS at the same time)
At le wagon, we advise students to install Ubuntu in dual boot along with their legacy OS (Microsoft Windows). We even have a full setup tutorial for this: le wagon setup
Based on Ubuntu, and that’s what I use daily on my Lenovo Thinkpad x250. Works out of the box, flawlessly. As it’s based on Ubuntu, all the tools we use at Le Wagon are compatible. I chose this one for its interface simplicity, and it is lightweight (good for energy management on laptops). By far, Pantheon is the most elegant and beautiful Desktop Environment i’ve tried (the second one is Gnome, but a bit more heavy I think).
Never tried it, but several students/alumni use it. Base on Ubuntu as well. Seems to work perfectly.
Ubuntu derivatives (Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu Mate)
I only tried Ubuntu Mate. Works perfectly. Ugly though 😉
I tried it. Works well. Especially Tumbleweed (rolling release distro). Always update to date with cutting edge packages. But not same package manager as Ubuntu, and not exactly the same architecture. Can be tricky to have Le Wagon steup working on it.
Never tried it. I know at least one student who installed it. Very advanced. Do not try it unless you understand well Linux.
Never tried. Might be good. But same issues as OpenSuse. Not same architecture. Might be tricky to get Le Wagon setup to work on it.
New. Looks promising. One alumni is using it, works well. (just a incompatibility with Ruby 2.3.4 and the kernel, fixed in 2.4.1)
Some resources for compabitility, tips and tutorials for laptops:
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A list of linux friendly laptops