Open command window in linux

How to open a command terminal in Linux?

I need the same thing in Linux. Thanks for your answers. I would like to run a sh script also. Whether the following code works.

String command= "usr/bin/xterm myshell.sh"; Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime(); Process pr = rt.exec(command); 

Can you clarify? Do you want to open a terminal, or do you want to run a script? Users have a variety of different terminals, and you’d be hard pressed to guarantee that you can open one. But running a script, almost every linux box has /bin/sh (just not necessarily at that absolute path)

8 Answers 8

In Linux, there are a number of terminal emulators which allow you to interact with various shells. Each shell is basically a command interpreter that understands Linux commands (GNU & Unix commands is more correct I suppose. ). A terminal emulator provides an interface (window) for the shell and some other facilities for using the command prompt. To open a terminal window, you just have to modify your command string like this:-

import java.io.*; class TerminalLauncher < public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException < String command= "/usr/bin/xterm"; Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime(); Process pr = rt.exec(command); >> 

The basic assumption I have made is that you want to open xterm, which is available on almost any system (with X installed of course). You might want to open another terminal emulator like rxvt, eterm, aterm, gnome-terminal or konsole. The command string can also be modified to use different shells like zsh. I suggest you catch an exception in case the terminal you chose isn’t present and handle it by asking the user to install it. A better solution is to accept command line arguments for the users preferred shell or to use a configuration file which the user can change to make your script open the shell of his/her choice.

Note
1. As others have already pointed out, xterm (or any other terminal of your choice) may not be in the path specified (/usr/bin/. ) and may not even be installed, so you might have to use some fancy command string (Ex: pipelining find through grep to get the path to xterm before launching), which isn’t such a great idea. I think the best way is to let the user configure the whole thing.

2.I got a comment on this answer (by ypnos), suggesting that I avoid using absolute paths and rather rely on the command being in the PATH environment variable. I have to say I agree. In that case, the command string should be —

Do look at the comment, because it also points out the problem with using find.

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How to Open a Terminal Window in Ubuntu

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The quickest way to open the Terminal application in Ubuntu is to use one of the major keyboard shortcuts. You can also search for Terminal in the Dash, or add a shortcut to your Launcher. In older versions of Ubuntu, you can find it in the Applications folder.

Using Keyboard Shortcuts

Press . ⊞ Win + T (Xubuntu only). This Xubuntu-specific shortcut will also launch Terminal. [2] X Research source

• Click the «System settings» button in the Launcher bar.
• Click the «Keyboard» option in the «Hardware» section.
• Click the «Shortcuts» tab.
• Click the «Launchers» category and then highlight «Launch terminal.»
• Press your new keyboard shortcut.

Using the Dash

Using a Launcher Shortcut

Using Ubuntu 10.04 and Earlier

Click the Applications button. This can be found in the Launcher bar in older versions of Ubuntu. [5] X Research source

Community Q&A

You can either use a software like the program «Clean my Mac» or you can put the program in your dock. When in dock, you can right click (or hold the left click button) and press »alternatives’.’ From there you may navigate to the button saying «open» on «login.» If you press that button, the terminal won’t open anymore.

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How do you open a command line?

You can launch your terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T or search from dash by pressing Meta / Super / Windows button and type terminal.

If you’re using Gnome, Terminal is probably under Accessories in your Application menu, or you can also try Alt F2 to bring up a launcher widget into which you can type «t-e-r-m-i. » to see all the terminal options.

Worth adding that Terminal is probably under Accessories in your Application menu (it is for me anyhow, but I gave Unity the boot. Maybe Unity doesn’t have an Application menu). You can also try alt f2 for a launcher widget where you can start to type «t-e-r-m-i. » and get a list of terminal applications available to you.

Since I’m not using gnome now, I cannot update my answer. If you have gnome, feel free to edit my answer by adding screenshot for both gnome and gnome classic.

Press Ctrl Alt T on the keyboard. If you prefer, there should be something called Terminal in your programs menu. You can search for it by pressing «Windows» key and typing «terminal». Remember, commands in Linux are case sensitive (so upper- or lower-case letters matter).

Command line can be accessed in couple of ways.

One is by using terminal emulator . The default terminal emulator for Ubuntu ( with default Unity interface ) is gnome-terminal. It can be accessed by either pressing Ctrl Alt T or by pressing the Ubuntu icon on the launcher and typing in the word «Terminal» or «gnome-terminal»

As you can see in the image, I’ve multiple terminal apps available, and indeed one can install more than one terminal emulator.

Another way to access command line is through the virtual console, called TTY. There are 6 virtual consoles available. Number of each console corresponds to the number of Fx key, where x is the number. For instance, to access TTY1, press Ctrl Alt F1 . To return to graphical environment , press Alt F7 , or repeatedly press Alt Arrow Left/Right until you exit.

There are other, rather hackish ways to access command line , but for the 99% of the day-to-day tasks terminal emulator and tty are sufficient.

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What is Command Prompt in Linux? [Commands & Navigation]

There are many ways to execute commands in Linux or any operating system. The oldest and the most flexible method of performing commands is through the command line interface. To do that, we use a program called terminal or command prompt in Linux. Command prompt is the go-to method for developers as it provides the best functionality of the operating system.

What is Command Prompt?

Command prompt is a program with a text-based interface that takes input as text and sends it to the operating system to perform operations. In Linux, it’s just a window with a blinking cursor where we can write our command. The command line interface is the interconnect between the application and the kernel. Any command needs to go through the command line. So, the command prompt lets us interact with the operating system’s kernel. Extensive knowledge of command prompt in Linux will help you apply complex commands which are otherwise impossible through the GUI.

How to Open a Command Prompt?

There are many ways to open the command prompt in Linux. Here are 3 methods to open the command prompt in Linux.

Method 1: Using GUI

This is the easiest method and is suitable for beginners. This method relies on the GUI (Graphical User Interface). Here are the steps to open Command Prompt using GUI. Steps to Follow: ❶ Press the Bottom Left icon to Show Application. All the applications installed in the machine will appear. ❷ In the search box, type Terminal. An application named Terminal will appear. ❸ Click on Terminal. Then a window will appear. This window is the command prompt where you can type your command and see it run in the window.

Method 2: Opening Command Prompt Inside a Directory.

You can open the command prompt inside a directory without typing commands to go inside. Steps to Follow: ❶ From the Desktop, click on the Files icon from the left sidebar. The left sidebar is also called the Vertical Task Management Panel. ❷ A new window will appear. This is the Home directory inside Linux. Let’s say you want to go inside the Documents folder. Use Left Double Click to go inside the Documents folder. ❸ Now you’re inside the Documents folder. Let’s say you want to open the command prompt inside the Document folder. Right Click anywhere inside the folder except on a file. Then Click on Open in Terminal. ❹ Command prompt or Terminal will open. If you look at the prompt, it will show that it is in the Documents folder.

Method 3: Using Shortcut

This is the easiest method of opening the command prompt. On the keyboard, type CTRL + ALT + T and the command prompt will appear. If you look at the prompt, you’ll see a ~ symbol and a $ symbol. The ~ symbol means the Home directory, and $ indicates the end of the path. That means you’re currently inside the Home directory.

Commands for Navigation Inside the Command Prompt

Generally, we use the GUI to navigate through the command prompt. But in this section, you’ll learn to navigate using the command prompt. You can use this method for more professional use, like automation.

The cd command

The cd (change directory) command will let you change the current directory. Using this command, we can navigate inside or outside a directory.

The ls command

The ls (list) command is generally used to list the available files inside a directory. This command helps us understand what files or folders are inside a directory.

The pwd command

You can use pwd (print working directory) command to print the Absolute path of the current directory. This way, you can also keep track of your current directory without losing your way, even if the directory structure is quite complex.

Navigation Using the Command Prompt

Suppose you have a directory folder structure like the following image. You want to navigate in this folder structure using the command prompt. First of all, you need to remember that when you open the command prompt, the current directory is set as the Home directory by default. We have a folder named LinuxSimply on the Desktop. Now you can follow the following two methods.

Method 1: Using Relative Path

Relative path means file path relative to the current directory. Using the following steps, you can use the Relative path in the cd command . Steps to Follow: ❶ Open the command prompt. By default, it is opened in the Home directory. In the Desktop you can see the LinuxSimply folder. ❷ To get inside that LinuxSimply, at first, we need to go inside the Desktop. Type the following command

Then press ENTER. You can also type TAB for auto-completion. Just type cd Des and type TAB. The prompt will autocomplete the rest of the command. ❸ You can type ls command to see the files or folders inside.

Then press ENTER. You’ll see the files inside your Desktop. In this case, only the LinuxSimply folder is shown because that’s the only folder in the Desktop directory. Output: ❹ If you want to go inside LinuxSimply, just type

Then press ENTER. Again. Using ls command, you can view that Folder_1 and Folder_2 are inside LinuxSimply folder. Output:

Method 2: Absolute Path

Using this method, you can access any path using the cd command. But you have to write the whole path or the Absolute Path after the cd command. The Absolute path is the path that starts from the Home Directory and ends in the current directory. Let’s say you want to get inside the LinuxSimply folder, then Folder_2, and then FF3. You also want to view the file name inside the directory. Type cd Absolute_File_path then press Enter.

cd Desktop/LinuxSimply/Folder_2/FF3 ls

As we can see, there’s a file name ‘Moby Dick.txt’ You can use pwd command to see the actual absolute path of the current directory.

Output:

Conclusion

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