Oracle linux установить epel

Как добавить репозиторий EPEL в Oracle Linux 7

Oracle Linux — это открытая операционная система на 100 % совместимая с Red Hat Enterprise Linux на уровне двоичного кода. Является стабильной альтернативой CentOS.

В Oracle Linux 7 репозиторий EPEL по-умолчанию не подключен (впрочем как и в CentOS 7). Что бы его подключить достаточно изменить параметр enabled с нуля на единицу в файле /etc/yum.repos.d/oracle-epel-ol7.repo.

После редактирования он должен выгядеть следующим образом:

[ol7_developer_EPEL] name=Oracle Linux $releasever EPEL Packages for Development ($basearch) baseurl=https://yum$ociregion.$ocidomain/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/developer_EPEL/$basearch/ gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle gpgcheck=1 enabled=1

Как подключить EPEL в CentOS 7

В Linux CentOS 7 репозиторий EPEL подключается следующей командой:

sudo yum install epel-release

Будьте внимательны, этот способ не работает в Oracle Linux 7!

Как увидеть подключенные репозитории

Репозиторий EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) — поддерживается в рамках проекта Fedora и содержит некоторые пакеты, которые не вошли в стандартный набор RHEL (CentOS). В частности в нем есть полезное приложение (утилита) htop.

Чтобы убедиться, что репозиторий EPEL включен, запустите следующую команду, которая выведет список всех доступных репозиториев.

Для Oracle Linux 7 результат будет примерно таким:

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🐧 Как настроить EPEL-репозиторий в OEL 7

Вопрос: Как установить / получить пакеты из EPEL Repository на OEL 7?

1. Создайте файл репозитория, например /etc/yum/repos.d/epel-yum-ol7.repo.

# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-yum-ol7.repo [ol7_epel] name=Oracle Linux $releasever EPEL ($basearch) baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/developer_EPEL/$basearch/ gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle gpgcheck=1 enabled=1

# yum repolist Loaded plugins: langpacks repo id repo name status ol7_UEKR3/x86_64 Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 3 for Oracle Linux 7Server (x86_64) 669 ol7_epel/x86_64 Oracle Linux 7Server EPEL (x86_64) 991 ol7_latest/x86_64 Oracle Linux 7Server Latest (x86_64) 23,095 repolist: 24,755

3. Затем вы можете установить нужные вам пакеты, такие как nrpe, nagios, nagios-plugins с помощью команд yum.

# yum install nrpe yum install nrpe Loaded plugins: langpacks Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nrpe.x86_64 0:3.1.1-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nagios-common for package: nrpe-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package nagios-common.x86_64 0:4.3.2-8.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: nrpe x86_64 3.1.1-1.el7 ol7_epel 250 k Installing for dependencies: nagios-common x86_64 4.3.2-8.el7 ol7_epel 22 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 272 k Installed size: 334 k Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7Server/ol7_epel/packages/nagios-common-4.3.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY ] 0.0 B/s | 0 B --:--:-- ETA Public key for nagios-common-4.3.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/2): nagios-common-4.3.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 22 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): nrpe-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 250 kB 00:00:01 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 244 kB/s | 272 kB 00:00:01 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03: Userid : "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) " Fingerprint: 4214 4123 fecf c55b 9086 313d 72f9 7b74 ec55 1f03 Package : 7:oraclelinux-release-7.1-1.0.5.el7.x86_64 (@anaconda/7.1) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle Is this ok [y/N]: y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : nagios-common-4.3.2-8.el7.x86_64 1/2 Installing : nrpe-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : nagios-common-4.3.2-8.el7.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : nrpe-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64 2/2 Installed: nrpe.x86_64 0:3.1.1-1.el7 Dependency Installed: nagios-common.x86_64 0:4.3.2-8.el7 Complete!

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What is EPEL repo?

EPEL(Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) is a repo developed by Fedora project to ensure that there is a quality 3rd party packages available for enterprise users such as people who are using RHEL, Cent OS, Oracle Linux and Scientific Linux. These are highly used enterprise Linux OS which are shipped with default, thoroughly checked and officially conformed packages so that there will be less bugs in the installed software in enterprise environment. But there are situations where a 3rd party software which is of great use in enterprise world is not in the official list. For example Puppet is a great configuration tool which is not in default repo. The solution to this is enable EPEL repo on enterprise Linux box.

Some of the well known packages which are not included in official CentOS, Red-hat, Oracle and Scientific Linux repos are as follows

ansible - SSH-based configuration management, deployment, and task execution system 
cfengine - A systems administration tool for networks 
nagios - Nagios monitors hosts and services and yells if something breaks 
puppet - A network tool for managing many disparate systems 
rsnapshot - Local and remote file system snapshot utility 
p7zip - Very high compression ratio file archiver 
clamav - Anti-virus software 
wine - A compatibility layer for windows applications 
ncftp - Improved console FTP client 
hddtemp - Hard disk temperature tool 
openvpn - A full-featured SSL VPN solution 
Pound - Reverse proxy and load balancer 
fail2ban - Ban IPs that make too many password failures

To know about available software in this repo you can go to below link.

How to install EPEL repo in RHEL?

If you are using any RHEL based Linux such as Centos, Oracle and Scientific Linux we have to follow below process to install it. This same for versions 4.x, 5.x, 6.x and 7.x. Just replace 6 with your respective version number.

For RHEL 6.8 64 bit version:

For RHEL 6.8 PPC64:

[root@diskstuff ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 
Retrieving http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.mk9iVg: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY 
Preparing. ########################################### [100%] 
1:epel-release ########################################### [100%] 
[root@diskstuff ~]#

Note: We no need to use wget or some other software to download this package, we can just directly point http link to rpm command, which will install directly from the specified location.

Check if you can install any package which are listed above.

[root@diskstuff ~]# yum install fail2ban 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit 
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 
epel/metalink | 3.7 kB 00:00 
* base: mirror.web24.net.au 
* epel: mirror.web24.net.au 
* extras: mirror.web24.net.au 
* updates: mirror.web24.net.au 
epel | 4.4 kB 00:00 
epel/primary_db | 5.1 MB 00:03 
Setting up Install Process 
Resolving Dependencies 
--> Running transaction check 
---> Package fail2ban.noarch 0:0.8.11-2.el6 set to be updated 
--> Processing Dependency: python-inotify for package: fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch 
--> Running transaction check 
---> Package python-inotify.noarch 0:0.9.1-1.el6 set to be updated 
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================================== 
Package Arch Version Repository Size 
=============================================================================================================================================== 
Installing: 
fail2ban noarch 0.8.11-2.el6 epel 221 k 
Installing for dependencies: 
python-inotify noarch 0.9.1-1.el6 epel 50 k Transaction Summary 
=============================================================================================================================================== 
Install 2 Package(s) 
Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total download size: 271 k 
Installed size: 1.0 M 
Is this ok [y/N]: y 
Downloading Packages: 
(1/2): fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch.rpm | 221 kB 00:00 
(2/2): python-inotify-0.9.1-1.el6.noarch.rpm | 50 kB 00:00 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total 139 kB/s | 271 kB 00:01 
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY 
epel/gpgkey | 3.2 kB 00:00 . 
Importing GPG key 0x0608B895 "EPEL (6) " from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 
Is this ok [y/N]: y 
Running rpm_check_debug 
Running Transaction Test 
Transaction Test Succeeded 
Running Transaction 
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. 
Installing : python-inotify-0.9.1-1.el6.noarch 1/2 
Installing : fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch 2/2 Installed: 
fail2ban.noarch 0:0.8.11-2.el6 Dependency Installed: 
python-inotify.noarch 0:0.9.1-1.el6 Complete! 
[root@diskstuff ~]#

If you are unable to install or you find that epel is not enable check if EPEL repo is enabled or not

[root@diskstuff ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo 
[epel] 
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch 
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch 
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch 
failovermethod=priority 
enabled=1 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

Once you made enabled=1 and refresh the repo by using yum clean all, you can install all the software in the EPEL repo.

Surendra Anne

Mr Surendra Anne is from Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. He is a Linux/Open source supporter who believes in Hard work, A down to earth person, Likes to share knowledge with others, Loves dogs, Likes photography. He works as Devops Engineer with Taggle systems, an IOT automatic water metering company, Sydney . You can contact him at surendra (@) linuxnix dot com.

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