Oracle linux установка oracle 19c

Perform the following steps to install and configure Oracle Database using RPM packages.

Installing Oracle Database RPM using yum

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If you are using Oracle Linux and have subscribed to Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN), you can install Oracle Database via a single yum command. # yum -y install oracle-database-ee-19c This command downloads and installs the Oracle Database Preinstallation RPM and the Oracle Database RPM packages. The installation of Oracle Database software is now complete, continue to the «Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database» section.

Installing Oracle Database RPM Manually

Download and install the Oracle Database Preinstallation RPM:

On Oracle Linux

# yum -y install oracle-database-preinstall-19c

# curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm # yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# rm oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# cd /tmp # yum -y localinstall oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

The installation of Oracle Database software is now complete.

Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database

To create a sample database with the default settings, perform the following steps:

Log in as root.
To configure a sample Oracle Database instance, run the following service configuration script:

# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

Note: You can modify the configuration parameters by editing the /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c.conf file.

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Oracle Database 19c Installation On Oracle Linux 8 (OL8)

Oracle database 19c is supported on Oracle Linux 8, but you must be running on UEK6 and database version 19.7. The installation will work without the patches, but it will not be supported without them.

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 19c 64-bit on Oracle Linux 8 (OL8) 64-bit. The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap and secure Linux set to permissive. An example of this type of Linux installation can be seen here here.

Download Software

Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.

Hosts File

The «/etc/hosts» file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 192.168.56.107 ol8-19.localdomain ol8-19

Set the correct hostname in the «/etc/hostname» file.

Oracle Installation Prerequisites

Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.

Automatic Setup

If you plan to use the «oracle-database-preinstall-19c» package to perform all your prerequisite setup, issue the following command.

# dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c

It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.

It’s worth running the all the DNF commands listed in the manual setup section. Depending on the OS package groups you have selected, some additional packages might also be needed.

If you are using RHEL8 or CentOS8, you can pick up the RPM from the OL8 repository and install it. It will pull the dependencies from your normal repositories.

curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

Manual Setup

If you have not used the «oracle-database-preinstall-19c» package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.

Add the following lines to the «/etc/sysctl.conf» file, or in a file called «/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf».

fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.panic_on_oops = 1 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Run one of the following commands to change the current kernel parameters, depending on which file you edited.

/sbin/sysctl -p # Or /sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf

Add the following lines to a file called «/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf» file.

oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768 oracle hard memlock 134217728 oracle soft memlock 134217728

session required pam_limits.so

The following packages are listed as required. Don’t worry if some don’t install. It won’t prevent the installation.

dnf install -y bc dnf install -y binutils #dnf install -y compat-libcap1 dnf install -y compat-libstdc++-33 #dnf install -y dtrace-modules #dnf install -y dtrace-modules-headers #dnf install -y dtrace-modules-provider-headers #dnf install -y dtrace-utils dnf install -y elfutils-libelf dnf install -y elfutils-libelf-devel dnf install -y fontconfig-devel dnf install -y glibc dnf install -y glibc-devel dnf install -y ksh dnf install -y libaio dnf install -y libaio-devel #dnf install -y libdtrace-ctf-devel dnf install -y libXrender dnf install -y libXrender-devel dnf install -y libX11 dnf install -y libXau dnf install -y libXi dnf install -y libXtst dnf install -y libgcc dnf install -y librdmacm-devel dnf install -y libstdc++ dnf install -y libstdc++-devel dnf install -y libxcb dnf install -y make dnf install -y net-tools # Clusterware dnf install -y nfs-utils # ACFS dnf install -y python # ACFS dnf install -y python-configshell # ACFS dnf install -y python-rtslib # ACFS dnf install -y python-six # ACFS dnf install -y targetcli # ACFS dnf install -y smartmontools dnf install -y sysstat # Added by me. dnf install -y unixODBC # New for OL8 dnf install -y libnsl dnf install -y libnsl.i686 dnf install -y libnsl2 dnf install -y libnsl2.i686

Create the new groups and users.

groupadd -g 54321 oinstall groupadd -g 54322 dba groupadd -g 54323 oper #groupadd -g 54324 backupdba #groupadd -g 54325 dgdba #groupadd -g 54326 kmdba #groupadd -g 54327 asmdba #groupadd -g 54328 asmoper #groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin #groupadd -g 54330 racdba useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

Uncomment the extra groups you require.

Additional Setup

Set the password for the «oracle» user.

Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the «/etc/selinux/config» file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.

Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.

If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here. To disable it, do the following.

# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld

If you are not using Oracle Linux and UEK, you will need to manually disable transparent huge pages.

Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 mkdir -p /u02/oradata chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02 chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

Putting mount points directly under root without mounting separate disks to them is typically a bad idea. It’s done here for simplicity, but for a real installation «/» storage should be reserved for the OS.

Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root and issue the following command.

The scripts are created using the cat command, with all the «$» characters escaped. If you want to manually create these files, rather than using the cat command, remember to remove the «\» characters before the «$» characters.

Create a «scripts» directory.

Create an environment file called «setEnv.sh». The «$» characters are escaped using «\». If you are not creating the file with the cat command, you will need to remove the escape characters.

cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh

Add a reference to the "setEnv.sh" file at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.

echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

Create a "start_all.sh" and "stop_all.sh" script that can be called from a startup/shutdown service. Make sure the ownership and permissions are correct.

cat > /home/oracle/scripts/start_all.sh /home/oracle/scripts/stop_all.sh

Once the installation is complete and you've edited the "/etc/oratab", you should be able to start/stop the database with the following scripts run from the "oracle" user.

~/scripts/start_all.sh ~/scripts/stop_all.sh

You can see how to create a Linux service to automatically start/stop the database here.

Installation

Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.

Switch to the ORACLE_HOME directory, unzip the software directly into this path and start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing one of the following commands in the ORACLE_HOME directory. The interactive mode will display GUI installer screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will install the software without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.

# Unzip software. cd $ORACLE_HOME unzip -oq /path/to/software/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip # Fake Oracle Linux 7. export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.6 # Interactive mode. ./runInstaller # Silent mode. ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \ -responseFile $/install/response/db_install.rsp \ oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ ORACLE_HOSTNAME=$ \ UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \ INVENTORY_LOCATION=$ \ SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \ ORACLE_HOME=$ \ ORACLE_BASE=$ \ oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \ SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \ DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

Run the root scripts when prompted.

As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

You can read more about silent installations here.

You are now ready to create a database, but it's better to patch the installation first if you have access to Oracle Support.

Patch Installation (Optional)

The installation of 19.3 will work without applying the patches. If you don't have access to the patches and are just doing the installation for a test system, you can proceed without this step.

For the installation to be supported you need to be on patch level 19.7 (April 2020) or later. To get the patches you need to have a valid Oracle Support CSI so you can download them from Oracle Support. This is an example of applying the 19.7 patch to a clean standalone installation without ASM and before a database is created.

export SOFTWARE_DIR=/u01/software export PATH=$/OPatch:$ export OPATCH_FILE="p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip" export PATCH_FILE="p30783543_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip" export PATCH_TOP=$/30783543 export PATCH_PATH1=$/30869156 export PATCH_PATH2=$/30805684 # Prepare opatch. cd $ unzip -oq $/$ # Unzip software. cd $ unzip -oq $ cd $ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./ opatch apply -silent cd $ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./ opatch apply -silent

For patches on real systems, always read the patch notes.

Database Creation

You create a database using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The interactive mode will display GUI screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will create the database without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.

# Start the listener. lsnrctl start # Interactive mode. dbca # Silent mode. dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname $ -sid $ -responseFile NO_VALUE \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword SysPassword1 \ -systemPassword SysPassword1 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName $ \ -pdbAdminPassword PdbPassword1 \ -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \ -memoryMgmtType auto_sga \ -totalMemory 2000 \ -storageType FS \ -datafileDestination "$" \ -redoLogFileSize 50 \ -emConfiguration NONE \ -ignorePreReqs

You can read more about silent database creation here.

Post Installation

Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.

cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1:Y

Enable Oracle Managed Files (OMF) and make sure the PDB starts when the instance starts.

sqlplus / as sysdba '; alter pluggable database $ save state; exit; EOF

Hope this helps. Regards Tim.

Created: 2019-07-20 Updated: 2022-04-05

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