Path to kernel headers linux

How do I install kernel header files?

You should be able to install the kernel header files for the currently running kernel by running the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) 

In general, the kernel header packages are named linux-header-* where «*» indicates the version & variant (generic, server, etc.).

hey thanks but could you tell me what does generic, server, etc means i want to write (kernel driver)

This won’t install the headers for future updates automatically and you’ll have to re-run this command every time. Therefore, it’s recommended to install the metapackage instead, as described in another answer.

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic 

if you are on a Desktop installation. The apt-get will solve the dependencies and install the correct version of kernel headers.

In Debian Wheezy I get the error message «Package linux-headers-generic is not available, but is referred to by another package. [. ] E: Package ‘linux-headers-generic’ has no installation candidate»

@IQAndreas the linux-headers-generic package is ubuntu specific. On Debian you should use sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

I have linux-headers-generic installed on 18.04 but still don’t have the headers for the newest and current kernel version. Maybe it’s just a bug with this version, I’ve compiled kernel modules in earlier versions so I must’ve had the correct headers back then.

Case of Obsolete kernel package

This should cover another problem when: the currently running kernel is obsolete, meaning it’s not in the repository anymore neither its headers. So the best thing to do is to update the kernel to last version in the repository.

linux-generic is a meta package to keep current version of the kernel & its headers:

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install linux-generic 

Note: Depending on your Ubuntu edition, See if you need linux-lowlatency (Ubuntu Studio), linux-signed-generic or linux-virtual .

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Path to x86_64 linux kernel headers

I want to compile program using some linux kernel headers. But, if I just add -I/usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-36/include it can’t find linux/export.h . I saw files with same name in arch/architecture, but I can’t find amd64 or x86_64 . uname -pmi said x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 . What is correct directory in arch in my case? System is Linux Mint with kernel 4.4.0.-36 from repository. UPD: I want to use

But compiler with -I /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-36/include -I /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-36/arch/x86/include said about many redefines and can’t find . I found it in /usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-36-generic/include . But with same paths in -generic directory I also have some errors.

1 Answer 1

Most architectures with 32-bit and 64-bit variants are in the same arch subdirectory. This has changed over time; x64_64 was merged into x86 in 2.6.24, sh64 into sh in 2.6.25, sparc64 into sparc in 2.6.29. arm64 is still a separate architecture as of 4.7. ppc64 moved to powerpc in 2.6.14 and ppc was finally merged in 2.6.27. mips64 was merged in the early 2.6 days.

So the amd64 headers are in arch/x86 .

But you normally compile programs against libc headers, not against kernel headers. (Even if they sometimes have the same name, they have different contents!) Check that you really need kernel headers — that only happens with programs that use unstable interfaces that can change between kernel versions (e.g. some low-level debugging interfaces).

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How to Install Kernel Headers in Ubuntu and Debian

In our last article, we have explained how to install kernel headers in CentOS 7. Kernel Headers contain the C header files for the Linux kernel, which offers the various function and structure definitions required when compiling any code that interfaces with the kernel, such as kernel modules or device drivers and some user programs.

It is very important to note that the kernel headers package you install should match with the currently installed kernel version on your system. If your kernel version ships with the default distribution installation or you have upgraded your Kernel using dpkg or apt package manager from the Ubuntu or Debian base repositories, then you must install matching kernel headers using package manager only. And if you’ve compiled kernel from sources, you must also install kernel headers from sources.

In this article, we will explain how to install Kernel Headers in Ubuntu and Debian Linux distributions using default package manager.

Install Kernel Headers in Ubuntu and Debian

First check your installed kernel version as well as kernel header package that matches your kernel version using following commands.

$ uname -r $ apt search linux-headers-$(uname -r)

On Debian, Ubuntu and their derivatives, all kernel header files can be found under /usr/src directory. You can check if the matching kernel headers for your kernel version are already installed on your system using the following command.

$ ls -l /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)

From the above output, it’s clear that the matching kernel header directory doesn’t exist, meaning the package is not yet installed.

Before you can install the appropriate kernel headers, update your packages index, in order to grab information about the latest package releases, using the following command.

Then run the following command that follows to install the Linux Kernel headers package for your kernel version.

$ sudo apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

Next, check if the matching kernel headers have been installed on your system using the following command

$ ls -l /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)

That’s all! In this article, we have explained how to install kernel headers in Ubuntu and Debian Linux and other distributions in the Debian family tree.

Always keep in mind that to compile a kernel module, you will need the Linux kernel headers. If you have any quires, or thoughts to share, use the comment form below to reach us.

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kernel source code location in linux

I am working in Windows and running fedora through VMware. By default, the kernel source tree should be in usr/src/ directory. Instead I could find only an empty directory called kernels. The actual source code is missing there. When browsing I thought it might be in other directories like /boot . But I couldn’t find source tree there as well. I need to modify system call tables for which I should be able to access those source codes.

3 Answers 3

Kernel source is not installed by default. You can follow e.g. the instructions here to install the source and build your kernel.

You probably need to install the kernel-devel package.

On Fedora, all of the software is managed through a system called the Red Hat Package Manager (RPM). Every file (other than user data and other transient files like logs and such) is «owned» by a package. The ls command is from coreutils , the kernel is probably from kernel and BZFlag (the greatest Linux game ever) is provided by the bzflag package.

In the good old days, you would try to install software by using the rpm command (type » man rpm » for more information) and giving it the path to an RPM file that you had downloaded. The rpm command would then dutifully respond by informing you that you first need to satisfy 33 prerequisites. Then you would go download those 33 prerequisites and try to install them, only to find that each of those had their own prerequisites. And so on.

These days, Fedora has a nice set of online repositories of packages (and you can add others for third party software), and a program called yum that can download databases of all the packages, and you tell yum «install package foo for me» (by typing something like » yum install kernel-devel «) and it goes and figures out that in order to install that package, you need a bunch of other prerequisite packages, and so on. It then automatically downloads and installs everything you need, and away you go. For more information on the various incantations that make yum go, see » man yum «).

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Where are my linux headers?

The kernel headers are stored in /usr/src and usually appear as a directory reflecting the version of the currently running kernel. You can check that (currently running kernel version) by typing uname -r.

What are the linux headers?

linux-headers is a package providing the Linux kernel headers. These are part of the kernel, although they are shipped separately (further reasoning is available: [1]). The headers act as an interface between internal kernel components and also between userspace and the kernel.

How do I install linux headers?

One of the methods you can use to install Kernel Headers is to use the Debian package manager with Kali Linux repositories. You may require to run a full system upgrade before installing the Kernel Headers successfully. Once completed, reboot your Kali Linux installation, and install the headers.

Where is Linux kernel directory?

You can use uname -r to find out the version you’re running and then look for a file in /boot with that name. You can also use cat /proc/cmdline to find the kernel path, but note that this path is relative to the root image at boot time, so / likely means /boot/ in the running system.

How do I install manjaro headers in linux?

1. Installing kernel headers on Manjaro.
2. Check for currently installed headers with pacman.
3. Check the kernel version with uname command on Manjaro.
4. Choose the desired version of kernel headers to install.
5. Use pacman to verify that the new kernel headers were successfully installed.

Do I need linux headers?

You need the linux headers when you plan to develop and compile on the machine where you’ve installed Ubuntu. If you build an appliance dedicated to a specific task, you are certainly not willing to compile on it. If you need to compile your own application, you will do this on an different system.

How do I find the kernel header path?

On Debian, Ubuntu and their derivatives, all kernel header files can be found under /usr/src directory. You can check if the matching kernel headers for your kernel version are already installed on your system using the following command.

Where are kernels located?

The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer’s operating system and has complete control over everything in the system. It is the “portion of the operating system code that is always resident in memory”, and facilitates interactions between hardware and software components.

Where are drivers located in Linux?

/lib/modules/ directory
Many Drivers come as part of the distribution’s Kernel. Use Them. These Drivers are stored, as we saw, in the /lib/modules/ directory. Sometimes, the Module file name will imply about the type of Hardware it supports.

How do I install manjaro kernel headers?

What is kernel manjaro?

Manjaro 20.2
Repository	gitlab.manjaro.org
Package manager	pacman, libalpm (back-end)
Platforms	x86-64 i686 (unofficial) ARM
Kernel type	Monolithic (Linux kernel)

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