Red hat linux find file

35 Practical Examples of Linux Find Command

The Linux find command is one of the most important and frequently used command command-line utility in Unix-like operating systems. The find command is used to search and locate the list of files and directories based on conditions you specify for files that match the arguments.

find command can be used in a variety of conditions like you can find files by permissions, users, groups, file types, date, size, and other possible criteria.

Through this article, we are sharing our day-to-day Linux find command experience and its usage in the form of examples.

In this article, we will show you the most used 35 Find Commands Examples in Linux. We have divided the section into Five parts from basic to advance usage of the find command.

• Part I: Basic Find Commands for Finding Files with Names
• Part II: Find Files Based on their Permissions
• Part III: Search Files Based On Owners and Groups
• Part IV: Find Files and Directories Based on Date and Time
• Part V: Find Files and Directories Based on Size
• Part VI: Find Multiple Filenames in Linux

1. Find Files Using Name in Current Directory

Find all the files whose name is tecmint.txt in a current working directory.

# find . -name tecmint.txt ./tecmint.txt

2. Find Files Under Home Directory

Find all the files under /home directory with the name tecmint.txt.

# find /home -name tecmint.txt /home/tecmint.txt

3. Find Files Using Name and Ignoring Case

Find all the files whose name is tecmint.txt and contains both capital and small letters in /home directory.

# find /home -iname tecmint.txt ./tecmint.txt ./Tecmint.txt

4. Find Directories Using Name

Find all directories whose name is Tecmint in / directory.

# find / -type d -name Tecmint /Tecmint

5. Find PHP Files Using Name

Find all php files whose name is tecmint.php in a current working directory.

# find . -type f -name tecmint.php ./tecmint.php

6. Find all PHP Files in the Directory

Find all php files in a directory.

# find . -type f -name "*.php" ./tecmint.php ./login.php ./index.php

7. Find Files With 777 Permissions

Find all the files whose permissions are 777.

# find . -type f -perm 0777 -print

8. Find Files Without 777 Permissions

Find all the files without permission 777.

# find / -type f ! -perm 777

9. Find SGID Files with 644 Permissions

Find all the SGID bit files whose permissions are set to 644.

10. Find Sticky Bit Files with 551 Permissions

Find all the Sticky Bit set files whose permission is 551.

# find / -perm 1551

11. Find SUID Files

Find all SUID set files.

# find / -perm /u=s

12. Find SGID Files

Find all SGID set files.

# find / -perm /g=s

13. Find Read-Only Files

Find all Read-Only files.

# find / -perm /u=r

14. Find Executable Files

Find all Executable files.

# find / -perm /a=x

15. Find Files with 777 Permissions and Chmod to 644

Find all 777 permission files and use the chmod command to set permissions to 644.

# find / -type f -perm 0777 -print -exec chmod 644 <> \;

16. Find Directories with 777 Permissions and Chmod to 755

Find all 777 permission directories and use the chmod command to set permissions to 755.

# find / -type d -perm 777 -print -exec chmod 755 <> \;

17. Find and remove single File

To find a single file called tecmint.txt and remove it.

# find . -type f -name "tecmint.txt" -exec rm -f <> \;

18. Find and remove Multiple File

To find and remove multiple files such as .mp3 or .txt, then use.

# find . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec rm -f <> \; OR # find . -type f -name "*.mp3" -exec rm -f <> \;

19. Find all Empty Files

To find all empty files under a certain path.

# find /tmp -type f -empty

20. Find all Empty Directories

To file all empty directories under a certain path.

# find /tmp -type d -empty

21. File all Hidden Files

To find all hidden files, use the below command.

# find /tmp -type f -name ".*"

22. Find Single File Based on User

To find all or single files called tecmint.txt under / root directory of owner root.

# find / -user root -name tecmint.txt

23. Find all Files Based on User

To find all files that belong to user Tecmint under /home directory.

# find /home -user tecmint

24. Find all Files Based on Group

To find all files that belong to the group Developer under /home directory.

# find /home -group developer

25. Find Particular Files of User

To find all .txt files of user Tecmint under /home directory.

# find /home -user tecmint -iname "*.txt"

26. Find Last 50 Days Modified Files

To find all the files which are modified 50 days back.

# find / -mtime 50

27. Find Last 50 Days Accessed Files

To find all the files which are accessed 50 days back.

# find / -atime 50

28. Find Last 50-100 Days Modified Files

To find all the files which are modified more than 50 days back and less than 100 days.

# find / -mtime +50 –mtime -100

29. Find Changed Files in Last 1 Hour

To find all the files which are changed in the last 1 hour.

# find / -cmin -60

30. Find Modified Files in Last 1 Hour

To find all the files which are modified in the last 1 hour.

# find / -mmin -60

31. Find Accessed Files in Last 1 Hour

To find all the files which are accessed in the last 1 hour.

# find / -amin -60

32. Find 50MB Files

To find all 50MB files, use.

# find / -size 50M

33. Find Size between 50MB – 100MB

To find all the files which are greater than 50MB and less than 100MB.

# find / -size +50M -size -100M

34. Find and Delete 100MB Files

To find all 100MB files and delete them using one single command.

# find / -type f -size +100M -exec rm -f <> \;

35. Find Specific Files and Delete

Find all .mp3 files with more than 10MB and delete them using one single command.

# find / -type f -name *.mp3 -size +10M -exec rm <> \;

That’s it, We are ending this post here, In our next article, we will discuss more other Linux commands in-depth with practical examples. Let us know your opinions on this article using our comment section.

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When it comes to Linux system troubleshooting, find is my best friend

Using the find command to investigate common system administrator issues can help ease the troubleshooting process.

Great Linux resources

The way to discover what you are looking for can be deeper than you thought, or it may be right around the corner. It all depends on how you look, where you look, and what you are looking for. When you are troubleshooting problems that arise, it can be easier than it seems. One of my favorite tools is the find command. The find command is a utility to walk through a directory tree, descending into directories with each path listed, and evaluating expressions added for each file listed. With this command, you can accomplish quite a lot. In this article, I cover different ways, as well as one-liners, to help you to find large files, to find multiple files, and even to locate specific file types.

Find multiple files in Linux

The find command is used in various ways. One thing you don’t want to do as a system administrator is work harder than you need to. Instead of running the same command to search for one file over and over, you can use the find command to locate multiple files at the same time.

$ find /home -type f -name file.txt -exec <> \;

This one-liner can be broken down. I find it best almost to read it as a sentence:

• searching the /home directory
• searching for a file ( -type f ) or a directory ( -type d )
• filename is file.txt ( -name file.txt )
• executing another command from the previous output

Find large files in Linux

You can also use find to discover large files in Linux. Finding large files has proven helpful to me in the long run. find can help to locate large files quickly, such as backups and ISO files.

$ find / -type f -size +500000k -exec ls -lh <> \;

This one-liner can be broken down:

• searching the / directory
• searching for a file ( type -f )
• searching for a file larger than 500000k
• executing the command ls -lh on the files found in the previous output

Find specific file types in Linux

Another good method is to locate file extensions using the find command. I find this helpful, as it has shown me ways of finding specific files with only a specific keyword. In this case, the example below is looking for files that only contain a specific extension:

# find / -type f \( -name "*.sh" -o -name "*.txt" )

• searching in the / directory
• searching for a file ( -type f ) or a directory ( -type d )
• searching for a file name that is a wildcard but ends with the extension .sh or .txt

I have even looked for content within a file that matches a specific keyword. These commands can be tweaked and modified to achieve the desired result.

Find modified files in Linux

The last example shows how to find a file modified in the last 50 days. This can be helpful when you need to locate recently modified files due to a security reason or if there are unwanted users on the network accessing other files.

# find / -type f -ctime +50 -exec rm -f <> \;

• searching in the / directory
• searching for a file ( -type f ) or a directory ( -type d )
• searching for files older than 50 days
• executing the command rm -f on the files found in the previous output

This can help remove those malicious files all in one go. You just have to make sure that the files you select are the files you want to remove. One way to check is to run the command without the exec section to see the files that come up in the output. If there are a large number of files, redirect the output into a file:

# find / -type f -ctime +50 > files.txt

The content can be reviewed and verified before you run a one-liner that removes the /etc folder. Not ideal.

Wrapping up

The find command has a variety of uses and availability where administrators can find the content they need (no pun intended). With this command, the possibilities are literally endless! When it comes to troubleshooting, having that flexibility in searching and investigating allows you to look for things that you may not have noticed before. As a result, you might just find the answer you were looking for (pun intended).

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