Tftp в linux это

tftp (1) — Linux Manuals

tftp is a client for the Trivial file Transfer Protocol, which can be used to transfer files to and from remote machines, including some very minimalistic, usually embedded, systems. The remote host may be specified on the command line, in which case tftp uses host as the default host for future transfers (see the connect

OPTIONS

-4 Connect with IPv4 only, even if IPv6 support was compiled in. -6 Connect with IPv6 only, if compiled in. -c command Execute command as if it had been entered on the tftp prompt. Must be specified last on the command line. -l Default to literal mode. Used to avoid special processing of ‘:’ in a file name. -m mode Set the default transfer mode to mode. This is usually used with -c. -R port:port Force the originating port number to be in the specified range of port numbers. -v Default to verbose mode. -V Print the version number and configuration to standard output, then exit gracefully.

COMMANDS

Once tftp is running, it issues the prompt tftp> and recognizes the following commands: ? command-name. help command-name. Print help information ascii Shorthand for mode ascii. binary Shorthand for mode binary. connect host [port] Set the host (and optionally port) for transfers. Note that the TFTP protocol, unlike the FTP protocol, does not maintain connections between transfers; thus, the connect command does not actually create a connection, but merely remembers what host is to be used for transfers. You do not have to use the connect command; the remote host can be specified as part of the get or put commands. get file

get remotefile localfile

get file1 file2 file3. Get a file or set of files from the specified sources. A remote filename can be in one of two forms: a plain filename on the remote host, if the host has already been specified, or a string of the form host:filename to specify both a host and filename at the same time. If the latter form is used, the last hostname specified becomes the default for future transfers. Enable literal mode to prevent special treatment of the ‘:’ character (e.g. C:\dir\file). literal Toggle literal mode. When set, this mode prevents special treatment of ‘:’ in filenames. mode transfer-mode Specify the mode for transfers; transfer-mode may be one of ascii (or netascii) or binary (or octet.) The default is ascii. put file

put localfile remotefile

put file1 file2 file3. remote-directory Put a file or set of files to the specified remote file or directory. The destination can be in one of two forms: a filename on the remote host, if the host has already been specified, or a string of the form host:filename to specify both a host and filename at the same time. If the latter form is used, the hostname specified becomes the default for future transfers. If the remote-directory form is used, the remote host is assumed to be a UNIX system or another system using / as directory separator. Enable literal mode to prevent special treatment of the ‘:’ character (e.g. C:\dir\file). quit Exit tftp. End-of-file will also exit. rexmt retransmission-timeout Set the per-packet retransmission timeout, in seconds. status Show current status. timeout total-transmission-timeout Set the total transmission timeout, in seconds. trace Toggle packet tracing (a debugging feature.) verbose Toggle verbose mode.

NOTES

The TFTP protocol provides no provisions for authentication or security. Therefore, the remote server will probably implement some kinds of access restriction or firewalling. These access restrictions are likely to be site- and server-specific.

AUTHOR

This version of tftp is maintained by H. Peter Anvin . It was derived from, but has substantially diverged from, an OpenBSD source base, with added patches by Markus Gutschke and Gero Kulhman.

SEE ALSO

Pages related to tftp

• tftopl (1) — convert TeX font metric (tfm) files to property lists
• tf (1) — TinyFugue, a MUD client
• tfdocgen (1) — Tilp Framework Doc Generator
• tfmtodit (1) — create font files for use with groff -Tdvi

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Background

A network administrator may find the need to deploy a TFTP server quickly and cost effectively. The reader may find that there is more than one TFTP server package available for Ubuntu systems.

including tftpd, atftpd, and tftpd-hpa. tftpd-hpa was chosen in this scenario because of its relative «up-to-date-ness» and availability of documentation.

Introduction

This document will guide the reader on how to setup a TFTP server that will allow clients to both download and upload files.

(This process has been completely tested and verified on 11/18/2015 using Ubuntu 14.04.3 Server and the latest version of tftpd-hpa available from the apt repositories (tftpd-hpa_5.2-7ubuntu3_amd64.deb))

Installation

sudo apt-get install tftpd-hpa.

Once the installation is complete, you will have a running TFTP server on your system that will be listening on all active network interfaces, on both IPv4 and IPv6. All you will be able to do is download files from the TFTP server. Uploading will not work. We will fix that in the Configuration section below.
You can confirm this by running.

sudo service tftpd-hpa status

The default configuration file for tftpd-hpa is /etc/default/tftpd-hpa.
The default root directory where files will be stored is /var/lib/tftpboot.

Configuration

Edit tftpd-hpa Configuration File

As mentioned before, all you will be able to do at this point is download files from the TFTP server. If you want to upload to the TFTP server, read on. To begin with, make a copy of the default tftpd-hpa configuration file.

sudo cp /etc/default/tftpd-hpa /etc/default/tftpd-hpa.ORIGINAL

Then, edit the tftpd-hpa configuration file.

sudo vi /etc/default/tftpd-hpa

and change the line that reads.

TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure --create"

and save the file and exit the vi editor.

Modify Permissions on TFTP Root Directory

The root directory where files must be stored in order to access them via TFTP is /var/lib/tftpboot. If you want to be able to upload to that directory, then perform the following command.

sudo chown -R tftp /var/lib/tftpboot

Restart the tftpd-hpa Service

To make the changes take effect, the tftpd-hpa service must be restarted. This can be accomplished by performing the following command.

sudo service tftpd-hpa restart

At this point you should now have a TFTP server that allows you to both download and upload files.

Additional Information

tftpd-hpa seems to be somewhat tied to traditional tftpd. For more information try.

External Links

• http://chschneider.eu/linux/server/tftpd-hpa.shtml — The first «how to» that I used to go through this process.
• http://askubuntu.com/questions/443117/how-to-configure-tftpd-hpa-to-allow-upload-of-new-files — The final link that lead me to discover the process of allowing uploads.

TFTP (последним исправлял пользователь 67 2015-11-19 21:50:29)

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TFTP

The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) provides a minimalistic means for transferring files. It is generally used as a part of PXE booting or for updating configuration and firmware on devices which have limited memory such as routers, IP phones and printers.

Server

There are several TFTP server implementations, some of which are listed below.

Note: Make sure not to start different TFTP implementations at the same time. They will fail with an error got more than one socket , because only one may listen to the default TFTP port 69 .

tftp-hpa

To modify service parameters edit /etc/conf.d/tftpd .

URL rewriting

This server includes a useful URL rewriting feature via the —map-file option ( —mapfile in some versions). It allows requests to be altered via regular expressions so the files on the server do not have to match the view the client sees, and different files can be returned to different clients even if they request the same file.

Configure a map by adding —map-file /etc/tftpd.map to /etc/conf.d/tftpd and creating a file such as this:

# Add the remote IP address as a folder on the front of all requests. r ^ \i/

This example file will result in each TFTP request being prefixed with the remote IP address. For example if the machine at 192.168.0.1 requests «boot.bin» and the TFTP server root is /srv/tftp then the file /srv/tftp/192.168.0.1/boot.bin will be returned (or /srv/tftp/::ffff:192.168.0.1/boot.bin if the server is listening on an IPv6 port).

The available map file options are documented in in.tftpd(8) § FILENAME REMAPPING .

Debugging

The —verbosity 5 option can be used to turn on all debugging messages. This is very useful for diagnosing why a machine will not successfully boot from the network, as the debug messages list all requests for files, whether rewrite rules were used, where the files were read from on the filesystem and whether the request was successful or not.

It is not possible to log messages to stdout/stderr, as only syslog is supported. This means the messages can be viewed with journalctl or similar.

atftp

To modify service parameters edit /etc/conf.d/atftpd .

uftpd

uftpd AUR is a simple (T)FTP server that can be run from the command line:

# uftpd -n -o ftp=0,tftp=69 /tmp/tftp

The option -o ftp=0 disables the FTP server and only runs TFTP. The server runs in read-only mode by default and passing -o writable allows clients to put files on the server. The -o tftp=69 is redundant in the case of default port, but shows a way to select a different one.

dnsmasq

Client

tftp-hpa

Install tftp-hpa and then tftp your day away!

atftp

The package atftp contains both a server and a client with interactive and batch mode. The client binary is atftp and supports both getting and putting files.

curl

Standard curl has an ability to connect to a TFTP server and upload a file via:

$ curl -o DESTINATION tftp://HOST/file

Where file is relative to the TFTP root directory.

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How To Install, Configure, and Run Linux Tftp Client?

Tftp (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) is a very simple client-server protocol used to transfer data and files over the network. Ftp is a very popular protocol but it has a lot of features that may not be needed always. Tftp is a lightweight alternative to Ftp protocol. We can say that Tftp is a featureless protocol because it only downloads and uploads files.

• Tftp has no authentication or authorization mechanism.
• Tftp protocol does not have a file listing feature.
• Tftp is clear text or not encrypted protocol
• Tftp is fast and simple to implement
• TFTP uses generally UDP

Install Tftp

The installation of Tftp tools is as simple as the protocol. As TFTP lightweight there is no dependency for other libraries.

Ubuntu, Debian, Mint, Kali:

We will install tftp for Debian, Mint, Ubuntu and Kali like below.

Fedora, CentOS, RedHat:

We can install tftp with the following command on Fedora, CentOS, RedHat.

tftp Command Syntax

We will use following syntax for tftp command in normal command-line usage.

tftp Command Help

Connect TFTP Server From Command Line

Connecting to the Tftp server is very easy. As stated at the beginning of the post Tftp does not have any authentication and authorization mechanisms. so Just providing the hostname of the server of IP address is enough to connect the Tftp server. In this example, we will connect 192.168.122.239 IP address.

TFTP Server Command Line Interactive Shell

After connection to the Tftp server, we will get an interactive shell. In this shell, we will issue commands to get information about status of the connection, download or get files, upload, or put files to the server. We can list available commands provided by Tftp shell with ? .

Upload or Put File To The TFTP Server

We can upload or put files to the TFTP server with the put command. In the example, we upload a file named body.txt

Download or Get File From TFTP Server

We can also download or get files from the Tftp server to get command. In the example, we get a file named body.txt from the Tftp server.

Show TFTP Connection Status

As TFTP works generally on the UDP protocol there is no session like TCP. But we can query current connection status with the status command. This status command will provide us information about the connected server IP address, current working mode, Rexmt-interval, Max-timeout, etc.

Disconnect From TFTP Server by Exiting From TFTP Shell

In order to quit from the Tftp shell we need to issue the q command.

Verbose Mode

While making transfer we may need more information about the transmission. We can get more information about the transfer with the verbose mode.

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