Upgrade of linux image

How To Upgrade Linux Kernel

The easiest way to do this is to install one of the supplied Linux kernel image packages on your system. They may be obtained using apt-get or aptitude if you want to use the command line, or Synaptic if you want to use a GUI.

To install a Linux kernel image, you first have to decide which one you want to use. Start with

apt-cache search linux-image

Note that images are available for several flavours — depending on your architecture.

A good overview on available versions can also be seen at linux.

The latest version can be installed using:

$ sudo apt install linux-image-

You might want to use unstable instead of experimental and/or choose a different mirror and flavour. Also the version and ABI version are probably different for you.

This might have some further dependencies, but generally they should not affect your stable (or testing) system. You still can select the old version in your bootloader afterwards.

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How to upgrade Linux Kernel on Debian 11 to 5.16 Release

In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to upgrade Linux Kernel to 5.16 mainline release on Debian 11.

Linux Kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, modular, multitasking Unix-like operating system. It is the main component of a Linux operating system and is the core interface between the computer’s hardware and its processes. It makes communication possible between computer hardware and processes running on it and it manages resources effectively.

Linux 5.17 mainline was released recently by Linux Torvalds with better new features to try out. The mainline tree is maintained by Linus Torvalds and It is where all new features are added and releases always come from.

Notable features on Linux Kernel 5.16

• Introduction of new AMD P-state subsystem for future AMD CPUs that provide a performance boost.
• Introduction of page-table check feature to better protect the GNU/Linux system from threats.
• It introduces boot time memtest memory tester to the mk68k architecture.
• introduces an alternative way to implement loops in BPF programs.
• It adds support for tracking forced-idle time to the core scheduling feature and adds support to offloading traffic-control actions on network devices.

Upgrade Linux Kernel to 5.16 release

1. Run system update

The first thing to do is to run system updates on our Debian 11 server. Use the following command on your terminal.

$ sudo apt update && apt upgrade -y

When upgrades and updates are complete, we can now begin to download headers, modules, and images.

Before we can proceed let’s check the Linux kernel we are having with the following command.

The best way to upgrade Linux Kernel in Debian is to install one of the supplied Linux kernel from the apt repository.

To check the available Linux Kernel on your repository, use the following command.

sudo apt-cache search linux-image

Then you will get the following output.

# Sample output linux-image-5.15.0-0.bpo.3-rt-amd64 - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-cloud-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for x86-64 cloud (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-rt-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.4-cloud-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for x86-64 cloud (signed) linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.4-rt-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT (signed) linux-image-unsigned-5.17.0-051700-generic - Linux kernel image for version 5.17.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

We are going to install Linux kernel image 5.17 unsigned.

2. Install Linux Kernel 5.16 on Debian 11 Bullseye.

Before running the installation, make sure you read all the prompts during installation so that you can not run into problems later on.

To install the image run the following command.

sudo apt install linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64

See the sample output below.

# output Reading package lists. Done Building dependency tree. Done Reading state information. Done Suggested packages: linux-doc-5.16 debian-kernel-handbook grub-pc | grub-efi-amd64 | extlinux The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 67.9 MB of archives. After this operation, 452 MB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports/main amd64 linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 amd64 5.16.11-1~bpo11+1 [67.9 MB] Fetched 67.9 MB in 1s (123 MB/s) Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64. (Reading database . 29865 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack . /linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64_5.16.11-1~bpo11+1_amd64.deb . Unpacking linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 (5.16.11-1~bpo11+1) . Setting up linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 (5.16.11-1~bpo11+1) . /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools: update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub: Generating grub configuration file . Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-13-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-13-amd64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-11-amd64 Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.10.0-11-amd64 done

Then you need to reboot your system for the changes to take effect.

Now you can check the Linux Kernel again

Conclusion

Congratulations you have successfully upgraded your Debian kernel to 5.16.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 release.

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How to Upgrade Linux Kernel to 5.19 Release on Ubuntu 20.04

In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to upgrade Linux Kernel to 5.19 mainline release on Ubuntu 20.04.

Linux Kernel is a free and open-source, monolithic, modular, multitasking Unix-like operating system. It is the main component of a Linux operating system and is the core interface between the computer’s hardware and its processes. It makes communication possible between computer hardware and processes running on it and it manages resources effectively.

Linux 5.19 mainline was released recently by Linux Torvalds with better new features to try out. The mainline tree is maintained by Linus Torvalds and It is where all new features are added and releases always come from.

Table of Contents

1. Run updates for your system
2. Check the current version of the Linux kernel you are running
3. Download Linux kernel headers from Ubuntu Mainline
4. Download the Linux Kernel image
5. Download modules required to build the kernel
6. Install new kernel
7. Reboot the system
8. Conclusion

Upgrade Linux Kernel to 5.19 release

1. Run system update

The first thing to do is to run system updates on our Ubuntu 20.04 server. Use the following command on your terminal.

$ sudo apt update && apt upgrade -y

When upgrades and updates are complete, we can now begin to download headers, modules, and images.

Before we can proceed let’s check the Linux kernel we are having with the following command.

Ubuntu 20.04 comes with a 5.4

2. Download Linux kernel Headers.

Linux kernel headers is a package providing the Linux kernel headers. These are part of the Kernel even though shipped separately. The headers act as an interface between internal kernel components and also between userspace and the kernel.

To download this package header, head over to the Ubuntu PPA mainline repository and make downloads for your amd64 system. We are going to download the following header files.

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.19-rc3/amd64/linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_all.deb

Another header file to download is this one. Download the generic one here.

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.19-rc3/amd64/linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb

The sample output will look like this:

#output --2022-06-21 04:44:11-- https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.19-rc3/amd64/linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb Resolving kernel.ubuntu.com (kernel.ubuntu.com). 91.189.94.216 Connecting to kernel.ubuntu.com (kernel.ubuntu.com)|91.189.94.216|:443. connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response. 200 OK Length: 3197710 (3.0M) [application/x-debian-package] Saving to: ‘linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb’ linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3-gene 100%[================================================================>] 3.05M --.-KB/s in 0.08s 2022-06-21 04:44:11 (39.0 MB/s) - ‘linux-headers-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb’ saved [3197710/3197710]

Note the difference between those headers

3. Download Linux kernel Modules

Linux kernels are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. A module can be configured as built-in or loadable. To dynamically load or remove a module, it has to be configured as a loadable module in the kernel configuration.

To download the Linux Kernel module run the following command on your terminal.

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.19-rc3/amd64/linux-modules-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb

Next is to download the image.

3. Download Linux Kernel Image

Linux kernel image is a snapshot of the Linux kernel that is able to run by itself after being given control over it. For example, whenever you need to boot the system up, it will bootload an image from the hard disk.

To download the Linux Kernel image 5.19 run the following command on your terminal.

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.19-rc3/amd64/linux-image-unsigned-5.19.0-051900rc3-generic_5.19.0-051900rc3.202206192130_amd64.deb

Make sure you are seeing the image from the downloads if you do an ls.

Now that we have finished downloading images, modules, and headers, it is time to install them.

4. Install Linux Kernel on Ubuntu 20.04

To install Linux Kernel 5.18, let’s run the following command;

Wait for the process to complete before restarting the system.

After you have restarted the system, check the Linux Kernel release installed.

The output you will now get is like this;

Conclusion

As you can see we have successfully upgraded from 5.4.0-107-generic to,5.19.0-051900rc3-generic the latter being the latest release.

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