Управление sql данными linux

Use SQL Server Management Studio on Windows to manage SQL Server on Linux

This article introduces SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and walks you through a couple of common tasks. SSMS is a Windows application, so use SSMS when you have a Windows machine that can connect to a remote SQL Server instance on Linux.

If you do not have a Windows machine to run SSMS on, consider using Azure Data Studio. It provides a graphical tool for managing SQL Server and runs on both Linux and Windows.

SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) is part of a suite of SQL tools that Microsoft offers free of charge for your development and management needs. SSMS is an integrated environment to access, configure, manage, administer, and develop all components of SQL Server. It can connect to SQL Server running on any platform both on-premises, in Docker containers, and in the cloud. It also connects to Azure SQL Database and Azure Synapse Analytics. SSMS combines a broad group of graphical tools with many rich script editors to provide access to SQL Server to developers and administrators of all skill levels.

SSMS offers a broad set of development and management capabilities for SQL Server, including tools to:

• Configure, monitor, and administer single or multiple instances of SQL Server
• Deploy, monitor, and upgrade data-tier components such as databases and data warehouses
• Backup and restore databases
• Build and execute T-SQL queries and scripts and see results
• Generate T-SQL scripts for database objects
• View and edit data in databases
• Visually design T-SQL queries and database objects such as views, tables, and stored procedures

See What is SSMS? for more information on SSMS.

Install the newest version of SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

When working with SQL Server, you should always use the most recent version of SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS). The latest version of SSMS is continually updated and optimized and currently works with SQL Server on Linux. To download and install the latest version, see Download SQL Server Management Studio. To stay up-to-date, the latest version of SSMS prompts you when there’s a new version available to download.

Before using SSMS to manage Linux, review the known issues for SSMS on Linux.

Connect to SQL Server on Linux

Use the following basic steps to get connected:

1. Start SSMS by typing Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio in the Windows search box, and then select the desktop app.
2. In the Connect to Server window, enter the following information (if SSMS is already running, select Connect > Database Engine to open the Connect to Server window):
   

   Setting	Description
   Server type	The default is database engine; don’t change this value.
   Server name	Enter the name of the target Linux SQL Server machine, or its IP address and port in the format IP,port .
   Authentication	For SQL Server on Linux, use the authentication method that is set up for your environment. SQL Server Authentication is set up by default.
   Login 1	Enter the name of a user with access to a database on the server (for example, the default SA account created during setup).
   Password 1	Enter the password for the specified user (for the SA account, you created this during setup).

   1 Login and Password only available with SQL Server Authentication

3. Select Connect.

Tip If you get a connection failure, first attempt to diagnose the problem from the error message. Then review the connection troubleshooting recommendations.

Run Transact-SQL queries

After you connect to your server, you can connect to a database and run Transact-SQL queries. Transact-SQL queries can be used for almost any database task.

1. In Object Explorer, navigate to the target database on the server. For example, expand System Databases to work with the master database.
2. Right-click the database and then select New Query.
3. In the query window, write a Transact-SQL query to select return the names of all databases on your server.

SELECT [Name] FROM sys.Databases 

If you’re new to writing queries, see Writing Transact-SQL Statements.

Select the Execute button to run the query and see the results.

Although it’s possible to do almost any management task with Transact-SQL queries, SSMS is a graphical tool that makes it easier to manage SQL Server. The following sections provide some examples of using the graphical user interface.

Create and manage databases

While connected to the master database, you can create databases on the server and modify or drop existing databases. The following steps describe how to accomplish several common database management tasks through Management Studio. To perform these tasks, make sure you’re connected to the master database with the server-level principal login that you created when you set up SQL Server on Linux.

Create a new database

1. Start SSMS and connect to your server in SQL Server on Linux.
2. In Object Explorer, right-click on the Databases folder, and then select New Database. .
3. In the New Database dialog, enter a name for your new database, and then select OK.

The new database is successfully created in your server. If you prefer to create a new database using T-SQL, then see CREATE DATABASE (SQL Server Transact-SQL).

Drop a database

1. Start SSMS and connect to your server in SQL Server on Linux.
2. In Object Explorer, expand the Databases folder to see a list of all the database on the server.
3. In Object Explorer, right-click on the database you wish to drop, and then select Delete.
4. In the Delete Object dialog, check Close existing connections and then select OK.

The database is successfully dropped from your server. If you prefer to drop a database using T-SQL, then see DROP DATABASE (SQL Server Transact-SQL).

Use Activity Monitor to see information about SQL Server activity

The Activity Monitor tool is built into SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and displays information about SQL Server processes and how these processes affect the current instance of SQL Server.

1. Start SSMS and connect to your server in SQL Server on Linux.
2. In Object Explorer, right-click the server node, and then select Activity Monitor.

Activity Monitor shows expandable and collapsible panes with the following information:

• Overview
• Processes
• Resource Waits
• Data File I/O
• Recent Expensive Queries
• Active Expensive Queries

When a pane is expanded, Activity Monitor queries the instance for information. When a pane is collapsed, all querying activity stops for that pane. You can expand one or more panes at the same time to view different kinds of activity on the instance.

Next steps

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Выбор подходящего средства для управления SQL Server на Linux

Управлять SQL Server на Linux можно несколькими способами. В следующем разделе приводится краткий обзор различных средств и методов управления со ссылками на дополнительные ресурсы.

mssql-conf

Средство mssql-conf настраивает SQL Server на Linux. Дополнительные сведения см. в статье Настройка SQL Server на Linux с помощью средства mssql-conf.

Transact-SQL

Почти все, что можно делать в клиентском средстве, можно выполнять и с помощью инструкций Transact-SQL. SQL Server предоставляет динамические административные представления, которые позволяют запрашивать состояние и конфигурацию SQL Server. Существуют также команды Transact-SQL для задач управления базами данных. Эти команды можно выполнять в любом клиентском средстве, которое поддерживает подключение к SQL Server и выполнение запросов Transact-SQL, например sqlcmd или Visual Studio Code.

Azure Data Studio

Azure Data Studio — это новое кроссплатформенное средство для управления SQL Server. Дополнительные сведения см. в статье Azure Data Studio.

Именованные каналы

Протокол именованных каналов не поддерживается для SQL Server на Linux.

SQL Server Management Studio в Windows

SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) — это приложение Windows, которое предоставляет графический пользовательский интерфейс для управления SQL Server. Хотя в настоящее время оно выполняется только в Windows, с его помощью можно подключаться удаленно к экземплярам SQL Server на Linux. Дополнительные сведения об использовании SSMS для управления SQL Server см. в статье Управление SQL Server на Linux с помощью SSMS.

mssql-cli (предварительная версия)

Корпорация Майкрософт выпустила новое кроссплатформенное средство выполнения скриптов для SQL Server, которое называется mssql-cli. В настоящее время оно находится в режиме предварительной версии.

PowerShell

PowerShell предоставляет полнофункциональную среду командной строки для управления SQL Server на Linux. Дополнительные сведения см. в статье Использование PowerShell для управления SQL Server на Linux.

Дальнейшие действия

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