Установка арч линукс uefi

User : Soloturn/Quick Installation guide UEFI

This installation guide installs Arch Linux on a System with three partitions EFI, root, and home. Dual boot with windows 10 is possible, as well install on a USB disk or memory stick. No legacy technologies are considered, please use Installation Guide in such a case.

Format disk and mount partitions

Best do it with GParted and create the following partitions or make sure they exist:

• the partition table is GPT
• the EFI partition is FAT32, around 250MB
• the root partition is ext4, around 50GB
• the home partition is ext4, rest of the disk

rEFInd is used to find existing kernels resp operating systems to boot. reuse the existing EFI partition created by microsoft windows is possible. mount the root partition and the EFI partition into it.

mount /dev/sda5 /mnt mkdir /mnt/efi mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/efi

Install Arch

a user is created which is «archie»

export myuser=archie export myhostname=hostn pacstrap /mnt base linux genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab arch-chroot /mnt/ pacman -S perl LANG=C perl -i -pe 's/#(de_CH.UTF)/$1/' /etc/locale.gen LANG=C perl -i -pe 's/#(en_US.UTF)/$1/' /etc/locale.gen LANG=C perl -i -pe 's/#(fr_CH.UTF)/$1/' /etc/locale.gen locale-gen echo 'LANG=en_US.UTF-8' > /etc/locale.conf echo 'KEYMAP=de_CH-latin1' > /etc/vconsole.conf localectl --no-convert set-x11-keymap ch ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Zurich /etc/localtime echo $myhostname > /etc/hostname pacman -S dialog wpa_supplicant refind mkdir -p /efi/EFI/Boot cp /usr/share/refind/refind_x64.efi /efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi cp -r /usr/share/refind/drivers_x64/ /efi/EFI/Boot/ echo 'extra_kernel_version_strings linux,linux-hardened,linux-lts,linux-zen,linux-git;' > /efi/EFI/Boot/refind.conf echo 'fold_linux_kernels false' >> /efi/EFI/Boot/refind.conf echo 'default_selection "linux from"' >> /efi/EFI/Boot/refind.conf

passwd useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash $myuser passwd $myuser pacman -S sudo git binutils perl -i -pe 's/# (%wheel ALL=\(ALL\) ALL)/$1/' /etc/sudoers

# swap dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/swap.img bs=1024k count=4000 mkswap /var/swap.img echo "/var/swap.img none swap sw 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# clone dotfiles su - $myuser cd git init echo '.*' >> .git/info/exclude git remote add origin https://github.com/soloturn/dotfiles.git git fetch -p --all git checkout master git reset --hard origin/master git remote set-url origin git@github.com:soloturn/dotfiles.git exit

# install same packages as existing arch system pacman -S --needed - < /home/$/.config/pkglist-abs.txt cd /tmp git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/paru-bin.git cd paru-bin makepkg -si paru -S --needed - < /home/$/.config/pkglist-aur.txt

groupadd android-sdk gpasswd -a $myuser android-sdk mkdir /opt/android-sdk setfacl -R -m g:android-sdk:rwX /opt/android-sdk setfacl -m d:g:android-sdk:rwX /opt/android-sdk

# this is for node.js, npm, and does not work # because of https://npm.community/t/linux-setfacl-is-defeated-by-npm/9156 paru -S npm setfacl -d -m g:root:rX /usr/lib/node_modules/

reboot and configure

store pkglist to later install same packages from existing arch installation

become your user, check and update the package lists from repo if necessary

cd pacman -Qqen > ~/.config/pkglist-abs.txt pacman -Qqem > ~/.config/pkglist-aur.txt git diff

if windows is installed

If windows is installed it might take precedence, so add an entry for the UEFI partitions rEFInd boot loader and set it after the USB device boot as second option. in the order just take the last number listed by efibootmgr:

# efibootmgr # efibootmgr -v # efibootmgr --create --disk /dev/sda --part 3 --loader /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi --label "rEFInd local boot" # efibootmgr -o 0,4,1

in case the bios does not let the order change via efibootmgr, go to the bios and alter the boot order there.

miscellaneous: network, firewall, time, date

set uncomplicated Firewall rules, network config for netctl, show week number, activate network time protocol, show hide button on right side of windows.

sudo systemctl enable gdm sudo ufw default deny sudo ufw allow from 192.168.0.0/24 sudo ufw limit ssh sudo ufw enable sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface clock-show-date true gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.calendar show-weekdate true timedatectl set-ntp true gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout ":minimize,close"

alternative: systemd netctl

# wifi-menu $ sudo systemctl enable netctl-auto@wlp4s0.service

maintain

regular commands

upgrade, delete everything not installed from package cache, delete orphans

$ paru -Syu $ paru -Sc $ pacman -Qdtq | xargs paru -Rsn --noconfirm $ sudo pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring $ paru -S archlinux-keyring

> pacman -Qdtq | xargs paru -Rsn --noconfirm

add another user

add an admin user. if not admin, do not put into group wheel. also add group to do android development:

useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash $myuser passwd $myuser gpasswd -a $myuser android-sdk

acl

remove acl and default acl for group android-sdk, recursive:

setfacl -R -x d:g:android-sdk /opt/android-sdk setfacl -R -x g:android-sdk /opt/android-sdk

setfacl -R -b /opt/android-sdk

open up an existing directory for a group, e.g. users, set actual and default acl recursive:

setfacl -R -m g:users:rwX /home/groupdrive setfacl -R -m d:g:users:rwX /home/groupdrive

wipe data, ssd, disk

nonzero lsblk disc-gran shows TRIM support. especially for external ssd, check if TRIM is supported, see Solid_state_drive#External_SSD_with_TRIM_support.

lsblk --discard sg_readcap -l /dev/sdX sg_vpd -a /dev/sdX

podman

sudo usermod --add-subuids 100000-150000 --add-subgids 100000-150000 username podman system migrate

in /etc/containers/storage.conf comment so overlay is not used

podman --storage-driver overlay system reset

• This page was last edited on 20 February 2023, at 18:06.
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