What is root folder in linux

What Is a Root Folder or Root Directory?

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The root folder, also called the root directory or sometimes just the root, of any partition or folder is the «highest» directory in the hierarchy. You can also think of it in general as the start or beginning of a particular folder structure.

The root directory contains all other folders in the drive or folder, and can, of course, also contain files. You can visualize this with an upside-down tree where the roots (the root folder) are at the top and the branches (subfolders) fall below; the root is what holds together all of its lower items.

For example, the root directory of the main partition on your computer is probably C:\. The root folder of your DVD or CD drive might be D:\. The root of the Windows Registry is where hives like HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT are stored.

ROOT is also an acronym for ROOT’s Object Oriented Technologies, but it has nothing to do with root folders.

Examples of Root Folders

The term root may also be relative to whatever location you’re talking about. For example, a program that installs to C:\Programs\Example uses that particular folder as its root, with potentially a series of subfolders beneath it.

This same thing applies to any other folder. Do you need to go to the root of the user folder for User1 in Windows? That’s the C:\Users\Name1\ folder. This, of course, changes depending on what user you’re talking about—the root folder of User2 would be C:\Users\User2\.

Accessing a Root Folder

A quick way to get to the root folder of the hard drive when you’re in a Windows Command Prompt is to execute the change directory—cd—command like this:

After executing, you’ll immediately be moved from the current working directory all the way up to the root folder. So, for example, if you’re in the C:\Windows\System32 folder and then enter the cd command with the backslash (as shown above), you’ll immediately be moved from where you’re at to C:\.

Similarly, executing the cd command like this:

. will move the directory up one position, which is helpful if you need to get to the root of a folder but not the root of the entire drive. For example, executing cd .. while in the C:\Users\User1\Downloads\ folder changes the current directory to C:\Users\User1\. Doing it again takes you to C:\Users\, and so on.

Below is an example where we start in a folder called Germany on the C:\ drive. As you can see, executing that same command in Command Prompt moves the working directory to the folder just before/above it, all the way to the root of the hard drive.

You may try to access a root folder only to find that you can’t see it when you’re browsing through Explorer. This is because some folders are hidden in Windows by default. See our article How Do I Show Hidden Files and Folders in Windows? if you need help unhiding them.

More About Root Folders & Directories

The term web root folder may sometimes be used to describe the directory that holds all of the files that make up a website. The same concept applies here as on your local computer—the files and folders in this root folder contain the main web page files, such as HTML files, that should be displayed when someone accesses the main URL of the website.

The term root used here shouldn’t be confused with the /root folder found on some Unix operating systems, where it’s instead of the home directory of a specific user account (which is sometimes called the root account). In a sense, though, since it’s the main folder for that specific user, you could refer to it as the root folder.

In some operating systems, files can be stored in the root directory, like the C:/ drive in Windows, but some OSs don’t support that.

The term root directory is used in the VMS operating system to define where all the user’s files are stored.

The root folder is the lowest level directory on your SD card. It’s the first folder you see when you open your SD card. You may see folders named DCIM and MISC, or you may see nothing at all if you recently formatted your memory card.

The /root directory in Linux is the user folder for the system administrator or root user. Like the Windows C:\Users folder, it has sub-directories for each user containing all the account’s data.

The /html folder is the root directory for your WordPress files. You can access the root folder via SFTP, SSH, or the File Manager.

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What is Linux Root Directory & root folder?

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The root directory contains all other folders in the drive or folder, and can, of course, also contain files . You can visualize this with an upside-down tree where the roots (the root folder) are at the top and the branches (sub folders) fall below; the root is what holds together all of its lower items.

The root folder, also called the root directory or sometimes just the root, of any partition or folder is the «highest» directory in the hierarchy. You can also think of it in general as the start or beginning of a particular folder structure.

In a computer file system , and primarily used in the Unix and Unix-like operating systems , the root directory is the first or top-most directory in a hierarchy. It can be likened to the trunk of a tree , as the starting point where all branches originate from. The root file system is the file system contained on the same disk partition on which the root directory is located; it is the file system on top of which all other file systems are mounted as the system boots up .

Now i am going to describe about Linux root directory (/) that what is the function of given directory in structure.

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How to Go to Root Directory in Linux

Root directory or folder in any operating system is the one containing all the folders, data, files, directories, and subdirectories. In the Linux operating system, everything that needs to support a system is stored in the root directory. Many beginners mixed the root directory with the home directory and considered them the same. Root directory is the uppermost directory in the system whereas the home directory comes under the branch of root directory.

In a file hierarchy, the root directory is mentioned at the top of the tree as it also contains programs that help to boot the system and device directory.

How to go to root Directory

Root directory is presented with a slash (/) in Linux distributions. If you want to move towards the root directory; only one command you need to follow (which will be discussed later).

Linux provides a utility to change the working directory called the “cd” command-line tool. No matter where you’re in the system, when executing a cd command with slash (/), it will change your current directory to the root directory.

The cd command is not only used to navigate towards the root directory, but also can move to the home directory or any file/folder.

This article is specifically written for how we can move towards the root directory.

How to go to root Directory through cd Command

As you can see, my current working directory is desktop:

To change and move it to the root directory, the following command you need to execute:

As you can see, the “/$” sign indicates that you’re in the root directory now.

Conclusion

Root directory is the uppermost directory in the Linux system containing all the files, device data and system information in the form of directories. To move to the root directory use “cd /” command, similarly to go to the home directory you must use the similar command.

About the author

Syeda Wardah Batool

I am a Software Engineer Graduate and Self Motivated Linux writer. I also love to read latest Linux books. Moreover, in my free time, i love to read books on Personal development.

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