What is timestamp in linux

Dates and Timestamps in UNIX/Linux

Get the Current Date and Time in Linux As shown, running gives us the current date and time, with the time zone. Hi @JKO-0595 As per my knowledge, if you use NOW() function to get current date and time in the formula of the calculated column, you will meet the re-calculated issue.

Dates and Timestamps in UNIX/Linux

Date and time information isn’t quite as visible on the command line as it would be with a graphical version of Linux, but we can certainly get that information with the date command.

This tutorial will explain how to use the date command to get, parse, convert dates and times, and print them in different formats on Linux, assuming a Bash shell command line.

Get the Current Date and Time in Linux

As shown, running date gives us the current date and time, with the time zone.

user@linux:~$ date Tue 01 Jan 2022 12:00:00 AM +04 

The default date-time format will be in the time zone you are located in — in this case, the output of date is for a user whose time zone is Gulf Standard Time, or GMT+04 . To print out the date and time in a different format, such as UTC or GMT, or yyyy/mm/dd or dd/mm/yyyy , you can specify that format using special modifiers as follows.

# to print the current date in dd/mm/yyyy format date +%d-%m-%Y # to print the current date and time in UTC date -u # to print the date and/or time as per IETF RFC3349 date --rfc-3339=seconds # to print the date and time within a custom string date +"Today is %D and the time is %I:%M:%S" 

UNIX Time

In most UNIX systems, the current time is stored as the time elapsed since a particular moment to simplify, keeping the time as a long integer, called the UNIX epoch. The universally accepted moment for all UNIX systems is January 1st 1970, 12:00:00 AM . This is called a UNIX timestamp and is recognized by all modern UNIX/Linux systems.

For example, if we wish to find the UNIX timestamp for 1st January 2022, we can use the date command.

user@linux:~$ date -d"1 January 2022 12:00 AM" +%s 1640980800 

date attempts to parse the string for a formatted date and time (or, if a timestamp is not specified, assumes the time as 12:00 AM) and then prints out the UNIX timestamp form of the given date and/or time. 1640980800 is the exact number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1 1970, 12:00:00 AM.

The converse is also possible, whereby we take a UNIX timestamp and convert it to a date representation. To get back our original date, we can pass the UNIX timestamp as shown to convert it.

user@linux:~$ date -d @1640980800 Sat 01 Jan 2022 12:00:00 AM +04 

If we wish, we can also include other parameters to format the date in a specific way, such as UTC or GMT, as explained above.

Linux Date

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Sharepoint List Timestamps

I am utilizing sharepoint lists in a workflow process. There are 2 calculated field columns that have have an IF statement that should record the timestamp for when a selection is made.

=IF([Task A Complete]=»Yes»,TEXT(NOW()+0.125,»mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm»))
=IF([Task B Complete]=»Yes»,TEXT(NOW()+0.125,»mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm»))

The formula works but both timestamps update whenever the latest selection is made.

For example, if task A complete is marked as YES at 9:30 AM, and Task B is completed at 10:45 AM, both timestamps will go to 10:45.

Is there a workaround for this?

As per my knowledge, if you use NOW() function to get current date and time in the formula of the calculated column, you will meet the re-calculated issue. Generally, Once you edit an item, the calculated column will be re-calculated and updated at the same time. As a result, you will always get current date and time in those calculated columns after editing the item. This phenomenon is by design and I’m afraid there is no way to change it currently.

I would suggest using a date time column or single line of text column as an alternative. Microsoft Power Automate Flow can be integrated with the list to set the current date to the fields based on the value in another field.

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How to set timestamp in the future

I have a question on calculating times.

I have a simple table filled with 3 columns. column 1 will be passed by NOW() in the VALUE. The second column should be the NOW() timestamp plus 14 days. I never used timefunctions before, so I do have some understanding problems.

So is it possible when I have:

$copy = "INSERT INTO table (a, b, c) VALUES (NOW(), $var_for_b, $var_for_c)"; 

or do I have to set a variable with a time/date function?

in case of using a variable what can I do there?

and my third column should simply be the difference between the NOW() and the NOW(+14d).

I’m sorry for this question but there are so many timefunctions that I do not guess the differences between them.

You can do now() + interval 14 day to set a date in the future.

so your insert statement becomes:

$copy = "INSERT INTO table (a, b, c) VALUES (NOW(),now() + interval 14 day, $var_for_c)"; 

You can use date_add to have MySQL calculate your timestamp with date_add(now(), interval 14 day)

There are several ways one can do this with PHP and MySQL.

I would advise doing it using this method:

UNIX_TIMESTAMP(NOW() + INTERVAL 14 DAY) 

So it will look like this:

$copy = "INSERT INTO table (a, b, c) VALUES (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(NOW() + INTERVAL 14 DAY), $var_for_b, $var_for_c)"; 

Alternatively, you can use PHP to do it:

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How Can I Generate UNIX Timestamps in Linux

In Unix timestamp we represent any date and time together in a single long number. This single number describes the total seconds passed since January 1st,1970 at 00:00:00 UTC. In this guide, we’ll cover everything about converting Unix timestamps to dates, including what Unix timestamps are, how to convert them to a date, and some practical examples to help you get started.

Content for this article is:

What is a Unix Timestamp

A Unix timestamp shows a single number which corresponds to date and time. This single number shows the total seconds that have passed since January 1st,1970 at 00:00:00 UTC. We also called this single number time the Unix epoch. Unix timestamps are used in many different programming languages to represent dates and times in any time zone.

How to Convert Unix Timestamp to Date

In Linux there are different methods to convert a Unix Timestamp to a date or vice versa. In this article we will start from the basic method which is using the date command in the terminal window.

• Using date Command
• Using the Perl Programming Language
• Using the Python Programming Language
• Using a Bash Script

Method 1: Using the date Command

To convert a Unix timestamp to a human-readable date and time, we can use the date command in the terminal. The syntax for the date command is as follows:

For example, to convert a Unix timestamp of 1676865654 to a human-readable date and time run the following command:

As you can see, the output includes complete details of current date and time including time zone, and the year.

Similarly, we can also generate timestamp value for a specific date. For example, timestamp value for January 1, 2023, at 12:00:00 AM can be get using the following command:

Following command will return UNIX timestamps for current date in nanoseconds format:

Example 1: Convert a Unix Timestamp to a Date and Time in a Specific Time Zone

To convert a Unix timestamp to a date and time in a specific time zone, following command syntax will be followed:

For example, to convert a Unix timestamp of 1613475901 to a human-readable date and time in the Eastern Time zone, run below command:

Example 2: Convert a Unix Timestamp to a Date Only

To convert a Unix timestamp to a date only, you can use the following command:

For example, if we have a Unix timestamp of 1613475901 and to convert it in the format of year-month-day (e.g. 2023-02-20) we can use following command:

This will output the date corresponding to the Unix timestamp of 1613475901:

Method 2: Using the Perl Programming Language

Perl is a popular programming language that can be used to generate UNIX timestamps in Linux.

Now create a simple Perl script that generates a UNIX timestamp for the current date and time:

Press Ctrl + O, then save this script as “timestamp.pl” and hit Enter, then press Ctrl + X to save and exit:

Now make this executable by running:

Run the script with the command “./timestamp.pl” to generate a UNIX timestamp:

Method 3: Using the Python Programming Language

Python is another popular programming language that can be used to generate UNIX timestamps in Linux.

First, we have to install Python3 on Linux, to do that run command:

Now open nano editor using:

Create a simple Python script that generates a UNIX timestamp for the current date and time:

Press Ctrl + O, then save this script as “timestamp.py” and hit Enter, then press Ctrl + X to save and exit.

The above script can be made executable by below command:

Run the script with the command “./timestamp.py” to generate a UNIX timestamp.

Method 4: Using a Bash Script

If you need to generate UNIX timestamps in a more complex or automated way, you can use a Bash script.

Open the nano editor using:

Write following script in editor that generates a UNIX timestamp for the current date and time:

Press Ctrl + O, then save this script as “timestamp.sh” and hit Enter, then press Ctrl + X to save and exit:

Now make this script executable by running the command:

Run the script with the command “./timestamp.sh” to generate a UNIX timestamp:

Conclusion

UNIX timestamps show total seconds passed since January 1, 1970. To generate UNIX timestamps in Linux, the date command can be used in the command line by passing the +%s argument. Alternatively, we can also create a bash script or use the pearl and python language script to give us timestamps for exact date and time zone.

About the author

Kashif

I am an Electrical Engineer. I love to write about electronics. I am passionate about writing and sharing new ideas related to emerging technologies in the field of electronics.

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