What linux version is android

Which Android runs which Linux kernel?

Is there a list of which kernel version comes in each Android AOSP version? Or lets say, which version /proc/version would spit out.

1 Answer 1

Linux version in AOSP

Android Version	API Level	Linux Version in AOSP	Header Version
1.5 Cupcake	3	(2.6.27)
1.6 Donut	4	(2.6.29)	2.6.18
2.0/1 Eclair	5-7	(2.6.29)	2.6.18
2.2.x Froyo	8	(2.6.32)	2.6.18
2.3.x Gingerbread	9, 10	(2.6.35)	2.6.18
3.x.x Honeycomb	11-13	(2.6.36)	2.6.18
4.0.x Ice Cream San	14, 15	(3.0.1)	2.6.18
4.1.x Jelly Bean	16	(3.0.31)	2.6.18
4.2.x Jelly Bean	17	(3.4.0)	2.6.18
4.3 Jelly Bean	18	(3.4.39)	2.6.18
4.4 Kit Kat	19, 20	(3.10)	2.6.18
5.x Lollipop	21, 22	(3.16.1)	3.14.0
6.0 Marshmallow	23	(3.18.10)	3.18.10
7.0 Nougat	24	3.18.48 4.4.0	4.4.1
7.1 Nougat	25	?	4.4.1
8.0 Oreo	26	3.18.72 4.4.83 4.9.44	4.10.0
8.1 Oreo	27	3.18.70 4.4.88 4.9.56	4.10.0
9.0 Pie	28	4.4.146 4.9.118 4.14.61	4.15.0
10.0 Q	29	4.9.191 4.14.142 4.19.71	5.0.3

• Wikipedia Android version history (in parentheses; can’t find its source)
• android / kernel / common / Makefile (the Linux in AOSP)
• android / platform / external / kernel-headers / original / uapi / linux / version.h (the Linux headers as used by Bionic in AOSP)

Note: other “distributions” of Android might run different kernel versions.

Anyone is welcome to correct and expand this table. Please keep formatting.

Why Android OS/kernel version mismatches

OEMs tend to ship their major Android updates with a similar kernel to the one the device was initially released with. This is most likely to avoid hardware and driver incompatibility issues with a newer kernel. For example, a device that has been updated to run Android 8.0 Oreo but originally shipped with 6.0 Marshmallow may still be running Linux 3.18.x instead of Linux 4.10.x.

Vendor Test Suite (VTS) requirements on Linux version

One aspect that has been up to the OEM is the Linux kernel version but this is changing with Android Oreo.

As long as the OEM was able to pass the certification tests that Google lays out, then they didn’t care what kernel version was used in a new device. This generally wasn’t an issue as most OEMs would use the same version of the kernel for that generation that other OEMs were using, as it is tied heavily to what the hardware drivers support. However, some had been falling through the cracks and this started to cause security issues. This is something that Google has been taking seriously lately so it makes sense that they would want to start mandating this.

Starting this year with smartphones which ship with Android Oreo, Google is requiring that all SoCs productized in 2017 must launch with kernel 4.4 or newer.

Currently existing devices that are upgraded to Android Oreo are only required to run kernel version 3.18 or newer, and will not have to be upgraded to support Project Treble.

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Which Linux is Android Based On?

One of the most frequently asked questions about Android is, “Which Linux is it based on?” The answer to this question is not necessarily a simple one. First, Android doesn’t fully support the Linux kernel; instead, it supports key portions of the OS. This doesn’t make Android a Linux distribution, but it does make it a mobile operating system, which is used by touchscreen smartphones and tablets. Mobile operating systems are generally built to run modified versions of the Linux kernel and other open source software.

Many Linux distributions are open-source and free, with strong links to a specific organization. Ubuntu and Canonical have strong links to specific companies, but most Linux distributions are developed by a range of contributors. However, Linux distros may still include proprietary software, such as vendor-compiled binary drivers. Even so, Android is an open-source project, and its code is available for anyone to edit. This means that there’s a good chance you’ll be able to make changes and customize the system to suit your needs.

Related Questions / Contents

Is Android Based on UNIX?

When you look at the operating system that powers Android, you’ll notice that it runs on the Linux kernel. While Android is not based on the UNIX operating system, it is derived from it. The Linux kernel is an important part of Android because it serves as a layer of abstraction between the hardware and software. The latest version of Linux, version 3.10, is based on the same kernel as Android. Both Android and Linux use the GNU toolchain and the Linux Mark Institute.

While the Linux kernel is needed to run Android, this operating system does not use the Freemium version of GNU/Linux. Android is an open source operating system, meaning that Google’s Android developers can make changes to it. This allows Android developers to use a free operating system. One of the things that makes Android different from Linux is that it doesn’t have the Freemium version of Gnu/Linux.

Is Android Based on GNU Linux?

Is Android Based on GNU Linux? That is a question you may be wondering if you have an Android device. While Android is based on Linux, it is not a distribution of GNU/Linux, nor is it a “Linux Operating System”. Rather, it is a derivative of Linux, which includes Linux1 and Linux2, which are the kernels used in countless places and the heart of countless other distributions. Though people often refer to Linux, the Android team has taken a different approach to the underlying technology in order to create a platform that meets the needs of its users.

The operating system was first developed in 1991 as MINIX, which did not support the 32-bit features of Intel 80386 machines. Today, Android supports both x86 and ARM architectures. In short, Android is not a GNU/Linux distro, but it is based on the Linux kernel. The Linux convention refers to software put together around a Linux Kernel, not to the entire Android operating system itself.

What is Android OS Based On?

If you’re wondering what’s the core of Android, it’s the Linux kernel. This operating system manages all drivers and other communication with peripherals, inputs, and outputs. Its kernel is called a monolithic kernel because the same components are used on every device, including smartphones. Android uses a modified Linux kernel to make sure it runs as quickly as possible. Here’s how Android works:

The platform runs Java applications. These applications run on the hardware abstraction layer. These applications are written in Java and run smoothly in this environment. This way, you can customize your Android applications. The Android OS was designed to be a single user operating system. If you’re wondering what’s so special about the platform, here’s a look. It’s easy to understand why Android is so popular. Aside from providing a simple interface to apps, Android has several features that make it a powerful operating system.

The Android development kit was released in 2008 and supports the full java programming language. It has a number of hardware support options, such as a microphone for audio recording and dedicated gaming controls. Although these features aren’t necessary for an Android device, they have become commonplace for many devices. Google also uses the powerful Linux kernel in the Android OS, which supports a wide range of hardware drivers. The kernel manages basic system functionality, including input and output requests and memory management.

Is Android Debian Or Ubuntu?

Although the Android operating system is based on the Linux kernel, it shares very little with a typical Linux distribution. Richard Stallman first defined the GNU/Linux distinction. It is not a Unix-like general-purpose operating system, but it does use the Linux kernel and its own custom libc implementation, called Bionic. It is not POSIX-compliant. This article provides a brief overview of the two operating systems, which have been around for years.

Android users should be aware of the fact that the Android environment is highly restricted and requires special permissions from non-root users. For instance, the inet group 3003 allows network access, but group 1015 is required for SD card writing. To find the user uid for an Android system, consult the filesystem-config.h file in system/core/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h. Often, there are two uids in one file system, but this is only cosmetic.

Whether Android is running Ubuntu or Debian, a quick online search will reveal the difference in the operating systems. Android uses the Linux Kernel, which controls low-level memory management. It manages the memory cache, handles chroot processes, and handles the init process. The chroot environment is ideal for apps that require a lot of memory, while Ubuntu has a ‘true’ top root.

Is Android Based on Debian?

The answer to this question depends on what you consider a Linux distribution. Although Android is a variant of Linux, it doesn’t meet the typical characteristics of a Linux distribution. Linux is an open source operating system, and applications built with Linux kernels are Linux. Regardless of what you consider a Linux distribution, you shouldn’t dismiss Android based on its name or the fact that it uses the Linux kernel.

The kernel is the heart of every operating system, and it’s one of the first programs loaded at start-up. It’s a highly modular version of Linux that’s designed for mobile devices. It’s also designed to support different hardware platforms, making it easier for hardware vendors and manufacturers to optimize the OS for their devices. Since Android is based on Linux, its kernel won’t be affected by its distribution.

Is Android Based on Java?

Is Android Based on Java? Android is an open source mobile operating system that uses the Java programming language. Java is a powerful language and is the basis for most mobile apps. However, some security concerns have been raised about Java. For example, there are a large number of Java security bugs, which are not as widespread as other languages. Therefore, it is important to know what Java is before creating an application for Android.

Most Android developers use Java for programming. While most parts of Android are written in Java, there is also a C/C++ version of the Android Native Development Kit. Because the Android platform uses Java for APIs, Google has little reason to promote the development of apps written in other languages. The truth is, Google isn’t particularly interested in which language developers use. In fact, it doesn’t seem to matter too much, as the company uses both.

Is Android Based on Ubuntu?

While it is true that the kernel of Android is derived from the Linux kernel, it isn’t the same as the one used in Ubuntu. Linux distros have the power to change the kernel according to their needs. While the GNU software is a defining characteristic of Linux, Android does not include any. Instead, the Android team developed their own C library called Bionic. This library has many similarities to the Linux kernel but is not as compatible with regular Linux apps.

In addition, the kernel of Linux is open source, making it easy for Android developers to customize it as needed. This eliminates the need for developers to write their own kernel. In addition, a lot of devices use the Linux kernel. Other popular platforms for mobile devices include Windows NT and the open-source FreeBSD. You can check the version of the kernel of your Android device from Settings. You can also check the version of Linux by installing the OS from its official website.

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