- Which Android runs which Linux kernel?
- 1 Answer 1
- Linux version in AOSP
- Why Android OS/kernel version mismatches
- Vendor Test Suite (VTS) requirements on Linux version
- Which Linux kernel version is used in Android?
- How do I find my Android kernel version?
- Can you update the kernel version Android?
- What is the difference between Linux kernel and Android kernel?
- How do I upgrade my Kernel version?
- How old is Linux kernel?
- Is Android really just Linux?
- What is the use of kernel version in Android?
- Which Linux kernel version is used in Android?
- What is the kernel version in Android?
- Is Android really just Linux?
- Is Android based on Linux?
- Is a Linux kernel version used in Android?
- How do I find my Android kernel version?
- Is Android 10 or 11 better?
- Can I install any kernel?
- What is the optional initrd image for kexec?
Which Android runs which Linux kernel?
Is there a list of which kernel version comes in each Android AOSP version? Or lets say, which version /proc/version would spit out.
1 Answer 1
Linux version in AOSP
| Android Version | API Level | Linux Version in AOSP | Header Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5 Cupcake | 3 | (2.6.27) | |
| 1.6 Donut | 4 | (2.6.29) | 2.6.18 |
| 2.0/1 Eclair | 5-7 | (2.6.29) | 2.6.18 |
| 2.2.x Froyo | 8 | (2.6.32) | 2.6.18 |
| 2.3.x Gingerbread | 9, 10 | (2.6.35) | 2.6.18 |
| 3.x.x Honeycomb | 11-13 | (2.6.36) | 2.6.18 |
| 4.0.x Ice Cream San | 14, 15 | (3.0.1) | 2.6.18 |
| 4.1.x Jelly Bean | 16 | (3.0.31) | 2.6.18 |
| 4.2.x Jelly Bean | 17 | (3.4.0) | 2.6.18 |
| 4.3 Jelly Bean | 18 | (3.4.39) | 2.6.18 |
| 4.4 Kit Kat | 19, 20 | (3.10) | 2.6.18 |
| 5.x Lollipop | 21, 22 | (3.16.1) | 3.14.0 |
| 6.0 Marshmallow | 23 | (3.18.10) | 3.18.10 |
| 7.0 Nougat | 24 | 3.18.48 4.4.0 | 4.4.1 |
| 7.1 Nougat | 25 | ? | 4.4.1 |
| 8.0 Oreo | 26 | 3.18.72 4.4.83 4.9.44 | 4.10.0 |
| 8.1 Oreo | 27 | 3.18.70 4.4.88 4.9.56 | 4.10.0 |
| 9.0 Pie | 28 | 4.4.146 4.9.118 4.14.61 | 4.15.0 |
| 10.0 Q | 29 | 4.9.191 4.14.142 4.19.71 | 5.0.3 |
- Wikipedia Android version history (in parentheses; can’t find its source)
- android / kernel / common / Makefile (the Linux in AOSP)
- android / platform / external / kernel-headers / original / uapi / linux / version.h (the Linux headers as used by Bionic in AOSP)
Note: other “distributions” of Android might run different kernel versions.
Anyone is welcome to correct and expand this table. Please keep formatting.
Why Android OS/kernel version mismatches
OEMs tend to ship their major Android updates with a similar kernel to the one the device was initially released with. This is most likely to avoid hardware and driver incompatibility issues with a newer kernel. For example, a device that has been updated to run Android 8.0 Oreo but originally shipped with 6.0 Marshmallow may still be running Linux 3.18.x instead of Linux 4.10.x.
Vendor Test Suite (VTS) requirements on Linux version
One aspect that has been up to the OEM is the Linux kernel version but this is changing with Android Oreo.
As long as the OEM was able to pass the certification tests that Google lays out, then they didn’t care what kernel version was used in a new device. This generally wasn’t an issue as most OEMs would use the same version of the kernel for that generation that other OEMs were using, as it is tied heavily to what the hardware drivers support. However, some had been falling through the cracks and this started to cause security issues. This is something that Google has been taking seriously lately so it makes sense that they would want to start mandating this.
Starting this year with smartphones which ship with Android Oreo, Google is requiring that all SoCs productized in 2017 must launch with kernel 4.4 or newer.
Currently existing devices that are upgraded to Android Oreo are only required to run kernel version 3.18 or newer, and will not have to be upgraded to support Project Treble.
Which Linux kernel version is used in Android?
Linux kernel
Each Android platform release supports launching new devices based on any of three Linux kernel versions. As shown in the table below, the launch kernels for Android 11 are android-4.14-stable , android-4.19-stable , and android11-5.4 .
How do I find my Android kernel version?
icon on your Apps menu to open Settings. Scroll down and tap About. This option will open your Android’s software and hardware details. Depending on your device and software version, this option may also be named About device, About phone, or About tablet.
What is my Linux kernel version?
To check Linux Kernel version, try the following commands: uname -r : Find Linux kernel version. cat /proc/version : Show Linux kernel version with help of a special file. hostnamectl | grep Kernel : For systemd based Linux distro you can use hotnamectl to display hostname and running Linux kernel version.
Can you update the kernel version Android?
The Android’s kernel controls many aspects of the operating system, so when you replace the operating system you replace the code that keeps Android running. You can only flash new kernels on a rooted Android phone.
Which kernel is best for Android?
The 3 best Android kernels, and why you would want one
- Franco Kernel. This is one of the biggest kernel projects on the scene, and is compatible with quite a few devices, including the Nexus 5, the OnePlus One and more.
- ElementalX.
- Linaro Kernel.
What is the difference between Linux kernel and Android kernel?
It is based on the modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software. It is specifically designed for touchscreen mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. It was developed using C, Java, C++ and other languages….Difference between Linux and Android.
| LINUX | ANDROID |
|---|---|
| Kernel used in Linux is Monolithic. | Its Kernel type is Linux-based. |
What is the difference between Linux kernel and Android Kernel?
How do I upgrade my Kernel version?
Option A: Use the System Update Process
- Step 1: Check Your Current Kernel Version.
- Step 2: Update the Repositories.
- Step 3: Run the upgrade.
- Step 1: Back Up Your Important Files.
- Step 2: Use the Software Updater.
- Step 3: Configure the Software Updater.
- Step 4: Force the Upgrade.
- Step 1: Install Ukuu.
What is latest Linux kernel version?
The Linux kernel 5.7 is finally here as the latest stable version of kernel for Unix-like operating systems. The new kernel comes with many significant updates and new features. In this tutorial you will find 12 prominent new features of Linux kernel 5.7, as well as how to upgrade to the latest kernel.
How old is Linux kernel?
21-year-old
1991: The Linux kernel is publicly announced on 25 August by the 21-year-old Finnish student Linus Benedict Torvalds. Version 0.01 is released publicly on 17 September. 1992: The Linux kernel is relicensed under the GNU GPL. The first Linux distributions are created.
Why is the Linux kernel used in Android?
Process Management: Linux Kernel is responsible to start stop and execute the program. Driver Model: As evident this is the layer where all the device specific drivers run. File System Management: Linux also manages the file system which in turn controls the data storage service for android device.
Is Android really just Linux?
Is Android based on Linux?
What is the use of kernel version in Android?
Which Linux kernel version is used in Android?
Feature and launch kernels Each Android platform release supports launching new devices based on any of three Linux kernel versions. As shown in the table below, the launch kernels for Android 11 are android-4.14-stable , android-4.19-stable , and android11-5.4 .
What is the kernel version in Android?
Linux kernel
It is the core functionality that manages the system resources including the memory, the processes and the various drivers. The rest of the operating system, whether it be Windows, OS X, iOS, Android or whatever is built on top of the kernel. The kernel used by Android is the Linux kernel.
Can we update Android kernel version?
You can do this one of two ways: git log -p v$(make kernelversion).. to get the changes between your current version and the latest from upstream. The -p flag will give you the changes done by each commit so you can see.
Why is the Linux kernel used in Android?
Process Management: Linux Kernel is responsible to start stop and execute the program. Driver Model: As evident this is the layer where all the device specific drivers run. File System Management: Linux also manages the file system which in turn controls the data storage service for android device.
Is Android really just Linux?
Is Android based on Linux?
What is the use of kernel version in Android?
Is a Linux kernel version used in Android?
Android is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
What is the kernel version in Android?
Linux kernel
It is the core functionality that manages the system resources including the memory, the processes and the various drivers. The rest of the operating system, whether it be Windows, OS X, iOS, Android or whatever is built on top of the kernel. The kernel used by Android is the Linux kernel.
Which kernel is used in Android 11?
Feature and launch kernels
| Android platform release | Launch kernels |
|---|---|
| Android 10 (2019) | android-4.9-q android-4.14-q android-4.19-q |
| Android 11 (2020) | android-4.14-stable android-4.19-stable android11-5.4 |
| Android 12 (2021) | android-4.19-stable android11-5.4 android12-5.4 android12-5.10 |
How do I find my Android kernel version?
How can I check the device’s model number, Android version and Kernel version? You can check the information by accessing into main menu -> “Settings” -> “System”-> “About phone”.
What is the best kernel for Android?
The 3 best Android kernels, and why you would want one
- Franco Kernel. This is one of the biggest kernel projects on the scene, and is compatible with quite a few devices, including the Nexus 5, the OnePlus One and more.
- ElementalX.
- Linaro Kernel.
How do I find my kernel version?
To check Linux Kernel version, try the following commands:
- uname -r : Find Linux kernel version.
- cat /proc/version : Show Linux kernel version with help of a special file.
- hostnamectl | grep Kernel : For systemd based Linux distro you can use hotnamectl to display hostname and running Linux kernel version.
Is Android 10 or 11 better?
When you first install an app, Android 10 will ask you if you want to grant the app permissions all the time, only when you’re using the app, or not at all. This was a big step forward, but Android 11 gives the user even more control by allowing them to give permissions only for that specific session.
How do I open kernel version?
icon on your Apps menu to open Settings. Scroll down and tap About. This option will open your Android’s software and hardware details. Depending on your device and software version, this option may also be named About device, About phone, or About tablet.
Which kernel version is best?
Can I install any kernel?
Yes, it to possible to flash/install custom kernel on a stock ROM, but it has to be the appropriate kernel i.e. it has to be the version the kernel supports.
How to load a new kernel into kexec?
What does kexec do in Linux man page?
What is the optional initrd image for kexec?
Which is the latest kernel version for Android 11?