Wifi drivers for linux

Linux Wireless

We currently have a fair amount of working drivers that cover most of the available wireless networking cards. However, they don’t implement all features and may have some issues, due to various reasons like companies not providing specs. Below is an alphabetically sorted list of drivers and what they currently can and can’t do.

NOTE: All drivers can of course run in station mode, but only a few drivers support the other available wireless modes! Support of cfg80211 also offers benefits.

Driver	Manufacturer	cfg80211	AP	IBSS	mesh	monitor	PHY modes	Buses
adm8211	ADMtek/Infineon	yes	no	no	no	?	B	PCI
airo	Aironet/Cisco	no	?	?	?	?	B	PCI / PCMCIA
ar5523	Atheros	yes	no	no	no	yes	A(2)/B/G	USB
at76c50x-usb	Atmel	yes	no	no	no	no	B	USB
ath5k	Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A/B/G	PCI / PCI-E / PCMCIA
ath6kl	Atheros	yes	no	yes	no	no	A/B/G/N	SDIO / USB
ath9k	Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A/B/G/N	PCI / PCI-E / AHB / PCMCIA
ath9k_htc	Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	B/G/N	USB
ath10k	Atheros	yes	yes	yes (6)	yes (6)	yes (6)	A/B/G/N/AC	PCI-E / AHB / SDIO
ath11k	Atheros	yes	yes	no	yes (6)	yes (6)	A/B/G/N/AC/AX	PCI-E / AHB
atmel	Atmel	no	?	?	?	?	B	PCI / PCMCIA
b43	Broadcom	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(2)/B/G	SSB / PCI / PCI-E / PCMCIA
b43legacy	Broadcom	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(2)/B/G	PCI / SSB
brcmfmac	Broadcom	yes	yes	yes	no	no	A(1)/B/G/N/AC	USB / SDIO / PCI-E
brcmsmac	Broadcom	yes	yes	no	no	yes	A(1)/B/G/N	PCI-E / AXI
carl9170	ZyDAS/Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(1)/B/G/N	USB
cw1200	ST-Ericsson	yes	?	?	?	?	A/B/G/N	SPI / SDIO
hostap	Intersil/Conexant	no	?	?	?	?	B	PCI / PCMCIA
ipw2100	Intel	no	no	yes	no	no	B	PCI
ipw2200	Intel	no	no (3)	yes	no	no	A/B/G	PCI
iwlegacy	Intel	yes	no	yes	no	no	A/B/G	PCI-E
iwlwifi	Intel	yes	yes (6)	yes	no	yes	A/B/G/N/AC	PCI-E
libertas	Marvell	no	no	yes	yes (4)	no	B/G	USB / PCMCIA / SDIO / GSPI
libertas_tf	Marvell	yes	yes	no	yes	?	B/G	USB
mac80211_hwsim	Jouni	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	A/B/G/N	NONE!
mt76	Mediatek	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A/B/G/N/AC/AX	PCIe / SoC / USB / SDIO
mt7601u	Mediatek	yes	?	?	?	?	B/G/N/	USB
mwifiex	Marvell	yes	yes	yes	?	?	A/B/G/N	SDIO / PCI-E / USB
mwl8k	Marvell	yes	yes	?	?	yes	A/B/G/N	PCI
orinoco	Agere/Intersil/Symbol	yes	no	yes	no	yes	B	PCI / PCMCIA / USB
p54pci	Intersil/Conexant	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(1)/B/G	PCI / PCMCIA
p54spi	Conexant/ST-NXP	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(1)/B/G	SPI
p54usb	Intersil/Conexant	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(1)/B/G	USB
** prism2_usb	Intersil/Conexant	yes	?	?	?	?	B	USB
qtnfmac	Quantenna	yes	yes	no	no	no	A/B/G/N/AC	PCI-E
** r8192e_pci	Realtek	no	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	PCI-E
** r8192u_usb	Realtek	no	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	USB
** r8712u	Realtek	no	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	USB
ray_cs	Raytheon	no	?	?	?	?	pre802.11	PCMCIA
rndis_wlan	Broadcom	yes	no	yes	no	no	B/G	USB
rt61pci	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	A(1)/B/G	PCI
rt73usb	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	A(1)/B/G	USB
rt2400pci	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	B	PCI
rt2500pci	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	A(1)/B/G	PCI
rt2500usb	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	A(1)/B/G	USB
rt2800pci	Ralink	yes	yes	?	?	yes	A(1)/B/G/N	PCI
rt2800usb	Ralink	yes	yes	yes	yes(5)	yes	A(1)/B/G/N	USB
rtl8xxxu	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	?	A(1)/B/G/N	USB
rtl8180	Realtek	yes	no	no	no	?	B/G	PCI
rtl8187	Realtek	yes	no	yes	no	yes	B/G	USB
rtl8188ee	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	PCI-E
rtl8192ce	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	yes	B/G/N	PCI-E
rtl8192cu	Realtek	yes	yes	?	?	yes	B/G/N	USB
rtl8192de	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	PCI-E
rtl8192se	Realtek	yes	yes	?	?	?	B/G/N	PCI-E
rtl8723ae	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	PCI-E
rtl8723bs	Realtek	?	?	?	no	no	B/G/N	SDIO
** r8723au	Realtek	yes	?	?	?	?	B/G/N	USB
** vt6655	VIA	yes	yes	yes	no	no	A/B/G	PCI
** vt6656	VIA	yes	yes	yes	no	no	A/B/G	USB
wcn36xx	Qualcomm Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A/B/G/N
wfx	Silicon Laboratories	yes	yes	no	no	no	A/B/G/N	SPI / SDIO
wil6210	Atheros	yes	yes	no	no	yes	AD	PCI-E
** winbond	Winbond	yes	?	?	?	?	B	USB
** wilc	Microchip	yes	yes	no	no	no	A/B/G/N	SPI / SDIO
wl1251	Texas Instruments	yes	no	yes	?	yes	B/G	SPI / SDIO
wl12xx	Texas Instruments	yes	yes	yes	no	no	A(1)/B/G/N	SPI / SDIO
wl18xx	Texas Instruments	yes	yes	yes	?	?	A/B/G/N	SDIO
wl3501_cs	Z-Com	no	?	?	?	?	pre802.11	PCMCIA
** wlags49_h2	Lucent/Agere	no	?	?	?	?	B/G	PCI / PCMCIA
zd1201	ZyDAS/Atheros	no	?	?	?	?	B	USB
zd1211rw	ZyDAS/Atheros	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	A(2)/B/G	USB

Note: ** staging drivers

Out of the tree drivers(Unsupported)

Driver	Manufacturer	cfg80211	AP	IBSS	mesh	monitor	PHY modes	Buses
acx1xx	Texas Instruments	yes	?	?	no	?	B	PCI / PCMCIA / USB
agnx	Airgo/Qualcom	yes	?	?	?	?	A/B/G	PCI
ar6k	Atheros	?	?	?	?	?	B/G	?
poldhu	NWN	no	?	?	?	?	B	PCMCIA
RT2880 iNIC	Ralink	?	?	?	?	?	?	PCI

802.11a devices exist, but currently can’t be used with this driver, A/B/G devices will work in B/G mode only.

There is support with a special, out-of-tree driver and special firmware, see http://sf.net/projects/ipw2200-ap.

Abandoned/Deprecated Drivers(Unsupported)

Driver	Manufacturer	cfg80211	AP	ad-hoc	mesh	monitor	PHY modes	BUS	Replaced by
ar9170usb	ZyDAS/Atheros	yes	no	yes	no	yes	A(1)/B/G/N	USB	carl9170
arlan	Aironet/Cisco	no	?	?	?	?	pre802.11	ISA	—
at76_usb	Atmel	no	no	no	no	no	B	USB	at76c50x-usb
netwave_cs	Netwave/Xircom	no	?	?	?	?	pre802.11	PCMCIA	—
otus	ZyDAS/Atheros	no	?	no	no	no	A/B/G/N	USB	carl9170
prism54	Intersil/Conexant	no	?	?	?	?	A/B/G	PCI / PCMCIA	p54pci
stlc45xx	ST/Nokia	yes	no	no	no	no	B/G	SPI	p54spi
wavelan	Lucent	no	?	?	?	?	pre802.11	ISA / PCMCIA	—

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How to Install Realtek Wifi Drivers in Ubuntu 22.04 | Linux Mint 21/20

Linux Kernel keeps updating with new device drivers. But, there are still some devices lack out-of-box support. Thanks to the open-source community, there are always a group of people maintaining missing drivers.

How to Tell Which Wi-Fi Chipset you have?

Firstly, you may want to find out the device name of your wireless network card. In Ubuntu or Linux Mint, you may just search for and open “hardinfo” (aka, System Profiler and Benchmark) either from start menu or ‘Activities’ overview.

Install "hardinfo" via Ubuntu Software or Synaptic Package Manager if you don't have it.

When it opens, navigate to “Devices -> PCI Devices“. Then, find out the network controller information in the right. For USB Wi-Fi adapter, go find it under “Devices -> USB Devices“.

For those familiar Linux command, use lspci command to find integrated network card or lsusb for USB adapter:

Install Realtek Wi-Fi Driver from PPA:

There’s a github repository that maintains RTL8822BE, RTL8822CE, RTL8821CE, RTL8723DE, RTL8723AU, RTL8723BU, RTL8188EU driver source codes. Advanced users may go to that page, grab the source and build by yourself.

To make life easier, the kablosuz-wireless PPA maintains the driver packages for:

• rtl8723bu, rtl8822bu, rtl8188eu, rtl8188eus, rtl8188fu, rtl8188gu, rtl8192cu, rtl8192du, rtl8192ee, rtl8192eu, rtl8192fu, rtl8723au, rtl8723bu, rtl8723de, rtl8723ds, rtl8723du, rtl8812au, rtl88XXau, rtl8814au, rtl8821ce, rtl8821cu, rtl8822bu, rtl8822ce, rtl8852au, rtw88, and rtw89.

The guy also maintains another PPA with packages for:

• r8101, r8125, RTL8152/RTL8153/RTL8156, r8168, rts5139, and rts5229 network drivers.

Step 1: Disable Secure Boot

The drivers are built in DKMS mode that will work (rebuild automatically) even after update to new Kernel series. If you have your system installed in UEFI mode, you have to disable secure boot first.

1. To verify if your system is installed in UEFI mode, open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run command:

[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "EFI" || echo "BIOS"

2. To check the status of secure boot:

If secure boot is enabled, reboot into BIOS/UEFI settings and disable it!

Step 2: Add the Ubuntu PPA

First, open terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T key combination on keyboard. When it opens, run the command below to add the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kelebek333/kablosuz

For r8101, r8125, RTL8152/RTL8153/RTL8156, r8168, rts5139, and rts5229 network drivers, add another PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kelebek333/drivers

Step 3: Update the cache

Ubuntu 22.04 now automatically updates the cache while adding PPA. But, Linux Mint does not. So you have to manually run the command below to refresh cache:

Step 4: Select install driver package for your chipset

Open “Synaptic Package Manager“, navigate to “Origin” tab in the left. Finally click on “LP-PPA-kelebek333-drivers” or “LP-PPA-kelebek333-kablosuz” to list all the packages from that repository. Finally, right-click on desired driver package, mark for installation, and click Apply.

Install Synaptic Package Manager from Ubuntu Software if you don't have it.

Or, you can install the package via apt command (for example, install r8822bu driver):

sudo apt install r8822bu-dkms

Keep an eye on output info while installing the package. It tells where to install the Kernel modules.

Step 5: Load the driver (Kernel Module)

After installing the driver package, restart your computer. Then, you may find out the modules via:

ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/updates/dkms

The command should outputs the previously installed Kernel modules in .ko files.

You can finally, load the driver ( 8723ds for example) via command:

And, verify via lsmod command with ‘grep’ filter:

If you have loaded the correct network driver, Wi-Fi should work now!

How to Uninstall:

To unload the driver module, use modprobe command with -r flag. For example, unload ‘8723ds’ via command:

And, to remove the driver package, either use “Synaptic Package Manager” or run apt remove command:

sudo apt remove package_name

To remove the Ubuntu PPAs, use command:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:kelebek333/kablosuz

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:kelebek333/drivers

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How to install “Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX200 driver”

Intel AX200 is one of the latest adapters that is used to access Wi-Fi on your system. It can access networks such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth at high speeds. It also supports Wi-Fi 6 (and lower versions) and Bluetooth 5.0 (and its lower releases). Through this article, you will learn how you can download and install the driver for the Intel wifi 6 AX200 on your Ubuntu system.

Method for the Installation of Intel Wi-Fi-6 AX200

Modern computing devices tend to use Wi-Fi rather than ethernet. To properly utilize it, the appropriate drivers must be installed on the system. This section will show you how you can find and install the Intel Wi-Fi AX200 driver on your system successfully.

Step 1: Check system adapter

Firstly, it is important to ensure that AX200 is correctly implemented into your system. To check which wireless device your system has, open the terminal and enter this statement:

If you have AX200 in your system, you should find a message like this in the outcome:

05:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation WiFi 6 AX200 (rev 1a)

Step 2: Find and download your driver

Open this link and find the corresponding driver that you need and download it:

In this case, we need the following driver as highlighted down below:

Step 3: Extract the downloaded file

After downloading the driver. Open your “Downloads” folder and extract the file as shown:

Step 4: Change the present directory

Once extracted, you can open the terminal and go into the directory where your extracted files are present. In our case, the files are in the “Downloads/iwlwifi-cc-46.3cfab8da.0” directory. The following commands lead us to that directory:

$ cd Downloads $ cd iwlwifi-cc-46.3cfab8da.0

Step 5: Install the driver

Once you are inside the directory (where the files are extracted), you can install the wifi 6 ax200 driver via the following command. The command copies the “iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.uncode” file to “/lib/firmware” which ultimately installs the intel wifi 6 ax200 driver on Linux:

$ sudo cp iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.ucode /lib/firmware

The file is copied to this directory since it is linked directory to the hardware of the system. The driver will be read by the system hardware once it is transferred to this directory.

This should install the driver onto your system. Reboot your system, and it will start working

Conclusion

The “Intel wifi 6 ax200 driver” can be installed by downloading the “tar” file from the website and extract/copy the installation files into “/lib/firmware”. Once this driver is successfully installed on your system, the wifi card that is installed on your system will be able to perform its function to its maximum potential. This post has demonstrated the method to install “Intel wifi 6 ax200 driver” in Linux.

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