Wiki server on linux

How to Install MediaWiki with Apache on Ubuntu Linux

This brief tutorial shows students and new users how to easily install MediaWiki on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS with Apache2, MariaDB, and PHP 7.1 support. For those who don’t know, MediaWiki is an open-source wiki package content management system written in PHP and used initially on Wikipedia.

Many individuals and companies now use MediaWiki to develop and manage their wiki pages. It has also been translated into many different languages.

This post covers installing the latest version of MediaWiki, which at the time of writing was version 1.29.1 .

To get started with installing MediaWiki, follow the steps below:

Install Apache2 HTTP Server

MediaWiki needs a web server. And the most popular web server in use today is Apache2. So, go and install Apache2 on Ubuntu by running the commands below:

After installing Apache2, run the commands below to turn off the directory listing.

sudo sed -i "s/Options Indexes FollowSymLinks/Options FollowSymLinks/" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Next, run the commands below to stop, start and enable the Apache2 service to always start up with the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop apache2.service sudo systemctl start apache2.service sudo systemctl enable apache2.service

Install MariaDB Database Server

MediaWiki also needs a database server. And MariaDB database server is a great place to start. To install it, run the commands below.

sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

After installing, the commands below can be used to stop, start and enable the MariaDB service to always start up when the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop mariadb.service sudo systemctl start mariadb.service sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service

After that, run the commands below to secure the MariaDB server.

sudo mysql_secure_installation

When prompted, answer the questions below by following the guide.

• Enter current password for root (enter for none): Just press the Enter
• Set root password? [Y/n]: Y
• New password: Enter password
• Re-enter new password: Repeat password
• Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]: Y
• Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]: Y
• Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]: Y
• Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]: Y

sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service

Install PHP 7.1 and Related Modules

PHP 7.1 may not be available in Ubuntu default repositories… to install it, you will have to get it from third-party repositories.

Run the commands below to add the below third party repository to upgrade to PHP 7.1

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Then update and upgrade to PHP 7.1

Finally, run the commands below to install PHP 7.1 and related modules.

sudo apt install php7.1 libapache2-mod-php7.1 php7.1-common php7.1-mbstring php7.1-xmlrpc php7.1-soap php7.1-gd php7.1-xml php7.1-intl php7.1-mysql php7.1-cli php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-zip php7.1-curl

After installing PHP 7.1, run the commands below to open the PHP-FPM default file.

sudo nano /etc/php/7.1/apache2/php.ini

Then change to the following lines below in the file and save.

file_uploads = On allow_url_fopen = On memory_limit = 256M upload_max_filesize = 100M max_execution_time = 360 date.timezone = America/Chicago

Create MediaWiki Database

Now that you’ve installed all the required packages, continue below to start configuring the servers. First, create a blank MediaWiki database.

Run the commands below to log on to the database server.

Then create a database called MediaWiki.

CREATE DATABASE mediawiki;

Create a database user called mediawikiuser with a new password

CREATE USER 'mediawikiuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password_here';

Then grant the user full access to the database.

GRANT ALL ON mediawiki.* TO 'mediawikiuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_password_here' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Finally, save your changes and exit.

Download MediaWiki Latest Release

Next, run the commands below to download MediaWiki’s latest release. The commands below are to download the MediaWiki archive package.

cd /tmp && wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.29/mediawiki-1.29.0.tar.gz

Then run the commands below to extract the download file to the Apache2 default root.

sudo tar -zxvf mediawiki*.tar.gz sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/mediawiki sudo mv mediawiki-1.29.0/* /var/www/html/mediawiki

Change and modify the directory permission.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/mediawiki/ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/mediawiki/

Configure Apache2

Finally, configure the Apahce2 site configuration file for MediaWiki. This file will control how users access MediaWiki content. Run the commands below to create a new configuration file called mediawiki.conf.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/mediawiki.conf

Then copy and paste the content below into the file and save it. Replace the highlighted line with your domain name and directory root location.

 ServerAdmin admin@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/html/mediawiki ServerName example.com ServerAlias www.example.com Options +FollowSymlinks AllowOverride All Require all granted ErrorLog $/error.log CustomLog $/access.log combined 

Enable the MediaWiki site

After configuring the VirtualHost above, please enable it by running the commands below.

sudo a2ensite mediawiki.conf sudo a2enmod rewrite

Restart Apache2 by running the commands below to load all the settings above.

sudo systemctl restart apache2.service

Then browse to the server hostname or IP address, and you should see the MediaWiki site setup wizard.

Type the database name, user, and password and continue.

Continue with the wizard by accepting the default settings. At the end of the setup, the wizard will prompt you to save the LocalSettings.php file. Save it.

Then move the file to the root directory of the MediaWiki website. After that, you’re done!

You may also like the post below:

Richard W

I love computers; maybe way too much. What I learned I try to share at geekrewind.com.

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Manual : Running MediaWiki on GNU/Linux

These instructions assume you are using Linux and Apache, and that LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) is already set up on your machine. It is possible to use other database servers such as PostgreSQL 8.1 or later.

Installation (from a Linux perspective) [ edit ]

You may prefer to see the general Installation instructions. The following installation steps give a quick overview from a Linux only perspective:

1. Download MediaWiki: Download or see Download from Git
2. If you downloaded a gzipped file, unzip the source files in some directory: tar zxvf mediawiki-x.y.z.tar.gz .
   (If you are not an experienced Linux user and you have WinRAR (like WinZip but works with gzipped files) on your Windows system you can cheat a little bit here. You can download the file to your Windows machine, use WinRAR to unzip the gzipped file into a directory in Windows and then use an FTP program like WS_FTP Pro to transfer the entire wiki directory for you. afaik, alternatively you can do this with 7-zip from 7-zip.org, which is open source with no nag-ware.)
3. The new web-based install usually does not require root access. If for some reason you are using the old installation you might need to use commands such as: su — and mv /path_to_mediawiki_unzip_dir/ . At this point you should also read the README, RELEASE-NOTES, INSTALL inside the mediawiki-x.y.z directory. However, keep in mind that either those files or this guide may be outdated, in which case someone else would appreciate your updates to this page after you’re done 🙂
4. Move the directory into your web directory: e.g. mv mediawiki-x.y.z /usr/local/apache/htdocs/wiki or mv mediawiki-x.y.z public_html/wiki or use your FTP software to do this for you.
5. Now you need to set up the databases on which you will store your wiki. In Cpanel you can click on MySQL Databases. You will need to Add Db with the name you want to call your database, Add User to create a user with access to this database, then Add User to Db to connect that user to the database. Remember all this information because you will need it when you run the MediaWiki install script. Finally click on phpMyAdmin at the bottom of the MySQL Account Maintenance page in Cpanel to check your information and get MySQL running.
6. To run the install script, you’ll need to temporarily make the ‘config’ subdirectory writable by the web server. The simplest way to do this on a Unix/Linux system is to make it world-writable by typing: chmod -R a+w mw-config in the directory you intend to install MediaWiki in. To do this you will need a telnet client like PuTTY on your system. Note: On some newer Linux distributions you will also need to change the SELinux file type (see below)
7. If you run the script and you get an error saying the script is unable to write to the tmp directory you may need to change the permissions for the tmp directory in your root. If you are installing on a new system you may need to change this. Often this directory will be already set up with write permission granted, so you can skip this step and come back if you run into a problem. To change the permissions for the tmp directory go into the root directory and type: chmod -R a+w tmp You typically must have root access in order to change the permissions to this directory. If you get an error message and you don’t have root access then you will need to contact your service provider.
8. At this point you should have Apache and MySQL running (this varies between distributions and setups, see their documentations for specifics). If you follow the steps above you really don’t need to worry about this as they will be running automatically. Anyway, the install worked for me.
9. Go to your browser and surf into the wiki directory. It’ll direct you into the config script (if it doesn’t, just load up the mediawiki-1.3.0beta4/config/index.php file). Fill out the form. remember you’re probably not on an encrypted connection. Gaaah! 🙂
10. If all goes well, you should soon be told that it’s set up your wiki database and written a configuration file. There should now be a ‘LocalSettings.php’ in the config directory; move it back up to the main wiki directory, and the wiki should now be working.
11. Once the wiki is set up, you should remove the config directory, or at least make it not world-writable (though it will refuse to config again if the wiki is set up) using again chmod -R a-w mw-config . If you changed the tmp directory you can probably leave this as is so you can install other software on your system.

SElinux [ edit ]

Linux distributions which support SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) are becoming more widespread. On such systems, PHP scripts will still be unable to write to the config directory after you have set the normal file permissions. You will also need to use the ‘chcon’ command to change the SELinux file type. See SELinux for more information.

Platform specific instructions [ edit ]

See Manual:OS specific help for installation instructions for several common Linux distributions, as well for instructions for different operating systems.

Related topics [ edit ]

• Manual:Running MediaWiki on Windows
• Manual:Running MediaWiki on Sourceforge.net

• Apache configuration
• PHP configuration
• MySQL configuration

• Manual:Configuration
• Manual:robots.txt — how to prevent search engines from indexing the internals of your wiki
• Manual:Short URL — how to get rid of /index.php in URLs

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