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Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11 ISO to Flash Drive burning utility for Linux (MBR/GPT, BIOS/UEFI, FAT32/NTFS)

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ValdikSS/windows2usb

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README.md

Burn Windows ISO to USB Flash Drive on Linux

Windows2usb is a bash script which writes Microsoft Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11 installation DVD images to USB Flash Drive or external HDD on Linux. It was designed with compatibility in mind, and should work in all cases, contrary to other popular Linux tools.

• Fully automatic, no preparations required
• Supports BIOS and UEFI, FAT32 and NTFS
• Supports custom Windows ISOs with install.wim > 4GiB
• Uses stock Windows bootloaders where possible
• Does not break UEFI Secure Boot chain

Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11 ISO to Flash Drive burning utility WARNING: this program will delete all existing data on your drive! windows2usb  [mbr/gpt/gptntfs/gpt+uefintfs] mbr mode: the most universal, RECOMMENDED and DEFAULT method. This mode creates MBR partition table with FAT32 partition, installs BIOS and UEFI bootloaders, supports Secure Boot. install.wim file larger than 4 GiB will be split. Suitable for all computers (UEFI/CSM/BIOS). gpt mode: less universal mode, for modern (UEFI) computers. GPT+FAT32, UEFI only, supports Secure Boot. gptntfs mode: all the same as 'gpt' but NTFS is used. GPT+NTFS, UEFI only, supports Secure Boot. Large install.wim file will not be split. NOTE: not all UEFI are compatible with this mode, NTFS driver should be present on the motherboard. gpt+uefintfs mode: alternative hacky installation method, not recommended. This mode uses NTFS partition and third-party 'uefintfs' bootloader. GPT+NTFS(data)+FAT32(efi), UEFI only, supports Secure Boot (since uefintfs Oct 23, 2021 release). Large install.wim file will not be split. 

Download latest portable AppImage version from the Releases page, set execution bit ( chmod +x windows2usb-*.AppImage ) and run it from the terminal.

./windows2usb.AppImage /dev/sdz /home/valdikss/windows10.iso

The program prints removable storage list if no arguments are supplied.

If you don’t want to use AppImage, you’ll need to install all dependencies and download uefi-ntfs.img from Rufus project.

Modes	Legacy/UEFI-CSM Boot	UEFI Boot	Large ISO (>4GB)	Secure Boot	File System	Part Table
mbr(hybrid)	Supported	Supported	Supported	Supported	FAT32	MBR
gpt	No	Supported	Supported	Supported	FAT32	GPT
gptntfs	No	Partial	Supported	Supported	NTFS	GPT
gpt+uefintfs	No	Supported	Supported	Supported	NTFS	GPT

BIOS Boot (Legacy Boot/UEFI-CSM) uses stock Windows 7 MBR and FAT32 bootloader, courtesy of ms-sys project.

BIOS boot is supported only in recommended ‘mbr’ mode.

To burn ISO compatible with BIOS boot (and UEFI boot as well), run:

UEFI Boot is supported in all modes. Recommended mode: ‘mbr’.

To burn ISO in this mode, run:

‘MBR’, ‘GPT’ and ‘GPTNTFS’ modes utilize Windows UEFI bootloader from the ISO file, with Secure Boot support.

UEFI Boot with NTFS Partition and uefi-ntfs bootloader

A special ‘gpt+uefintfs’ mode uses uefi-ntfs bootloader from Rufus project. Windows2usb creates 2 partitions in this mode, small 1 MiB FAT32 partition with uefi-ntfs and huge NTFS partition with ISO data.

This mode was included earlier to work with installation disks where install.wim file is greater than 4 GiB, but since then split WIM file functionality was introduced, and now this mode may be considered obsolete.

uefi-ntfs bootloader is signed by Microsoft since Oct 23, 2021 release and supports Secure Boot.

WoeUSB—uses GRUB for BIOS Boot.
bootiso—supports Windows and Linux ISOs.
Ventoy—Booting multi-tool with brilliant support of Windows ISO direct loading.

• lsblk and sfdisk from util-linux
• ms-sys for native Windows 7 MBR and NTFS bootloaders
• p7zip for ISO extraction
• autofsync to prevent filesystem bufferbloat and properly show copying progress (AppImage only)
• wimlib to split large install.wim files to fit FAT32 partition
• uefi-ntfs

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Windows 7/8/8.1/10/11 ISO to Flash Drive burning utility for Linux (MBR/GPT, BIOS/UEFI, FAT32/NTFS)

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How to burn a Windows .iso to a USB device? [duplicate]

I want to burn a Windows ISO to a USB device in Ubuntu. How do I do this? I know how to burn a Ubuntu ISO into a USB device, but with a Windows ISO it’s not the same.

@jazzpi And he also made it Windows specific under the pretext that in the «Answers» somebody mentions NTFS.

10 Answers 10

Or you could try a bit-by-bit copy:

1. Insert the USB device and then open Disk Utility (in 10.10 and older, System -> Administration -> Disk Utility).
2. Select the USB device from the list in the left of the program and detect where it was mounted: /dev/sd[1 letter][optionally 1 number] . For example, /dev/sdc or /dev/sdc1 .
3. Make sure the USB device is unmounted (not safely removed, but unmounted) If it is mounted you can unmount it:

sudo umount /dev/sd[1 letter][optionally 1 number] 

sudo dd bs=4M if=[ur .iso] of=/dev/sd[that 1 letter] 

sudo dd bs=4M if=windows7.iso of=/dev/sdc 

And wait for it to finish. (The «bs=4M» — bit is optional, just makes it faster.)

Another way I detect which driver is it: I write «sudo dd if=kubuntu.iso of=/dev/sd» and press Tab a few times before inserting the USB, than I insert the USB stick and press Tab a few times again, and detect which one was added, for example sdc and sdc1 appeared, than I add c at the end and press enter.

@LilianA.Moraru UNetbootin allows you to create bootable Live USB drives for Ubuntu, Fedora, and other **Linux distributions** without burning a CD. . Have you ever succeeded to make a windows usb with it?

If you’ve got a slow USB drive, you can check the current state of dd by sending it a USR1 kill msg: sudo kill -USR1 $(pidof dd) from another terminal. It will then print its status in its own terminal.

You can add a status=progress option to dd to see progress output in real time. Also, you can see the list of all drives by running lsblk and use it to find out the identifier of your USB flash drive.

1. Insert the USB device, then run gparted.
2. Select the USB device from the list near the upper-right corner of the GParted window and detect where it was mounted: /dev/sd[1 letter] (mine was /dev/sdc ).
3. Make sure the USB device is unmounted (right-click and select unmount).
4. sudo dd if=[PATH TO YOUR .iso FILE] of=/dev/sd[THAT 1 LETTER]

You must run dd as su or sudo. It’s worth mentioning that gparted requires su as well, but will typically use gksudo to prompt for the password.

This means you can lock gparted to the launcher on a persistent liveboot USB for field diagnostics.

didn’t work for me just using /dev/sdc[letter], also needed to specify the partition like /dev/sdb1 for dd to copy. however, usb booting won’t work

Why are you formatting it to NTFS? When you dd to the block device, it’s going to wipe out whatever formatting you have there.

Doing the direct dd copy (on Ubuntu 14.04) with a Win10 iso was a little surprise for me, as it created an UDF file system on the flash (I was expecting it to be the iso file system). It didn’t boot on my Lenovo P50, though (but I have to admit I might have too restrictive boot settings in the BIOS :)) Using winusb by this article eventually did the trick.

If you boot with UEFI (not BIOS or UEFI with BIOS compatibility mode (a.k.a. CSM)) all you’ll need is GParted and a file manager.

The ISO must be configured for UEFI boot for this to work. I’ve successfully done this with both Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04, but I can’t vouch for any other OS. (Edit: I just tried this with Windows 10 without success. Don’t know why, but WinUSB worked so I didn’t investigate further.)

This is what I do to create a bootable USB drive for UEFI firmware:

1. Create a GPT partition table on your USB drive. In GParted, chose «Device» and then «Create partition table. «. Choose gpt in the dropdown.
2. Format a partition on the USB drive to FAT32 using GParted. All UEFI compliant firmwares must support FAT12, FAT16 and FAT32, so any of these should be fine, but NTFS will not work.
3. Mount the USB drive like you would any other external storage so you can access the filesystem on the partition you created.
4. Mount the ISO you wish to add to the USB drive so you can access the files in there.
5. Now, when you have access to both the ISO and the USB drive as filesystems in your file manager (Nautilus or whatever) just copy and paste all files in the ISO to the USB drive.
6. Add the ‘boot’ flag to the partition you’ve created and added the files to. In GParted, right click the partition, choose «manage flags» and then check the «boot» option.

(While testing this I couldn’t mount the USB drive anymore after setting the boot flag. I don’t know why, but GParted could still see it and the end result was still a bootable USB drive, so I guess it doesn’t really matter.)

Once again: Please note that for this to work, your computer’s firmware must be UEFI compliant and the ISO must be ready for UEFI boot.

If you find an EFI directory in the ISO that’s usually a good sign.

To see whether you’re currently using UEFI boot, run sudo efibootmgr -v in a terminal. If it lists a number of boot options you’re good to go. If you’re using BIOS compatibility mode you’ll see something like this:

Fatal: Couldn't open either sysfs or procfs directories for accessing EFI variables. Try 'modprobe efivars' as root. 

Also, I don’t think Ubuntu will work with Secure Boot enabled, so you’ll have to disable that to be able to use UEFI boot with Ubuntu.

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